3 10 61 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/0b8aef97bbbc9a97400fd27394840b42.pdf dc639e683e176ef72be998fd691adb66 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Later NAM Congresses, 2-5 Subject The topic of the resource A further 5 NAM Congresses after the initial Harrogate Congress in 1975, plus other documents Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976-1980 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 3rd Annual Congress Hull Subject The topic of the resource Conference papers 3rd Annual Congress Hull (20 pages incl report in Building mag) Description An account of the resource 18:00 = 20:15 20:15 - 21:00 21:00 - 21:45 21:45 Registration Buffet Dinner INTRODUCTION Reports from local NAM groups General discussion: "Building NAM" Socializing, bar, etc. END OF CONGRESS ULL CONGRESS PROGRAMME Friday, 25th November 1977 Saturday, 26th November 1977 09:00 - 09:45 09:45 - 10:00 10:00 - 11:30 Registration (for anyone who missed Friday evening) Introduction to first Workshops FIRST WORKSHOPS: (a) "Institutions of the Profession" (contact person: 11:30 = 11:45 11:45 = 12:45 Pebody) (c) Commmity Architecture (contact person: Tom Woolley) Coffee 12:45 - 14:00 14:00 = 14:15 > PLENARY SESSION: Reports back from first vorkshops Discussion Lunch Introduction to second workshops SECOND WORKSHOPS: — 15:45 16:00 = 17:00 - 16:00 Tea PLENARY SESSION: z Reports back from second workshops Discussion Open Meeting: "Hull: controlling the architects* Chairman's summing up Cold buffet, bar opens Social (including supper, music, etc.) 17:00 - 18:00 18:30 -— 21:00 21:00 Sunday, 27th November 1977 10:00 = 13:00 10:00 - 13:30 10:00 - 10:30 10:30 = 11:30 11:50 - 11:45 11:45 — 13:00 13:00 - 13:15 13:15 - 13:30 13:30 - 14:30 Conducted tour of Hull for non-members AGM of NAM members (open to all paid-up members) Report from Liaison Group Discussion: NAM's structure and constitution Cotfee = 4 Mandating of Liaison Group for 1978 Election of Liaison Group for 1978 Final announcements Zunch and local group organising Anne Delaney) (b) SLATE, the NAM newsletter (contact person: Giles te Women in architecture (contact person: Marion Roberts) (b) Trade union organisation in architecture and the allied building professions (contact person: Andrzej Michalik) z {3} Architectural Education (contact person: Ian Tod) (d) National Design Service (contact person: John Murray ) Welcome to Hull, full School of Architecture and wie) RANT GEN Be Acchitocture Association (KSiA., vho run the Social _Centre, the canteen and thebar),and the School itself - from hom we have seriner rooms, lecture theatre, Crit. room and exhibition erca. Asusueltherearesome-vointstokeienm»ind. 1. Please keep drinks to the arca shown shased on the slan, as eny inirin coulé leaG te HSAA losing their eee 2. pene Sign in the HSA visitors vook fack day.This gives you the right to ues the bars Ze Please take great care not to harm the exibition of the Jaranese rouse, very “SZ, vory expensive, but onjoy it. 4. Behind the black curtain in the lecture theatre ve have a fily, weajection screen ~ asain it is exvensive so please take care not te lean on it. 9+ There is no smoking allowed in the lecture theatre. Agein, we welco:e you to the conrress and hope that you enjoy yourself. Dear Friend: “See you in Eull, — NAM Liaison Group - We acknowledge receipt of your NAM Congress application form and your cheque/postal order for ..... We enclose travel instructions and Congress programme. In case of last minute emergencies, contact Ian Tod at the Hull School of Architecture, tel: Hull 25938. Please take careful note of the following, if ticked: eeeee eseee Please bring sleeping bag, as you have requested the alternative accommodation @ 50p per night, ee++- You require accommodation for one night only but have not indicated whether that is Friday or Saturday night. Please inform us by return of post. Because of unforseen circumstances, we regret that the bed and breakfast @ £2.50 per night is not available. Bed and breakfast in the £3 to £4 range is being booked and we should appreciate very much if you would pay the additional amount upon arrival at the Congress. eeeee If enough people from London are interested, it might be possible to arrange low-cost communal transport to Hull on Friday afternoon and back to London on Sunday afternoon. If you are interested, please inform us by return post and indicate telephone number at which you can be reached. ; New Architecture Movement, 9 Poland Street, London W.1. : Friday, 25th November 1977 18:00 = 20:15 20:15 - 21:00 21:00 = 21:45 21:45 Registration Buffet Dinner INTRODUCTION Reports from local NAM groups General discussion: "Building NAM" Socializing, bar, etc. Saturday, 26th November 1977 eB 09:00 - 09:45 09:45 - 10:00 10:00 - 11:30 11:30 - 11:45 11245 = 12:45 12:45 - 14:00 14:00 - 14:15 15:45 - 16:00 16:00 = 17:00 17:00 - 18:00 18:30 21:00 21:00 _ Discussion Sunday, 27th November 1977 10:00 = 13:00 10:00 - 13:30 10:00 - 10:30 10:30 - 11:30 11:30 - 11:45 11:45 - 13:00 13:00 - 13:15 13:15 - 13:30 13:30 - 14:30 Conducted tour of Hull for non-members AGM of NAM members (open to all paid-up members) Report from Liaison Group Discussion: NAM's structure and constitution Coffee Mandating of Liaison Group for 1978 Election of Liaison Group for 1978 Final announcements Iunch and local group organising END OF CONGRESS mig St HULL CONGRESS PROGRAMME Registration (for anyone who missed Friday evening) Introduction to first Workshops FIRST WORKSHOPS: (a) "Institutions of the Profession" (contact person: Anne Delaney) (b) SLATE, the NAM newsletter (contact person: Giles Pebody ) : (c) Community Architecture (contact person: Tom Woolley) Coffee PLENARY SESSION: Reports back from first workshops Discussion Lunch Introduction to second workshops SECOND WORKSHOPS: {a} Women in architecture (contact person: Marion Roberts) b) Trade union organisation in architecture and the allied building professions (contact person: Andrzej Michalik) ts} Architectural Education feeereet person: Ian Tod) d) National Design Service (contact person: John Murray ) Tea : PLENARY SESSION: Reports back from second workshops Open Meeting: "Hull: controlling the architects" Chairman's summing up Cold buffet, bar opens Social (including supper, msic, etc.) Birmingham New Street Passerges chame ot Sheffieks in in tech direction unless 1p- : 12.00C% sr 14.00 9% 16.36 19.01 14.49E 17.32. An e K Restaurant ceryice accening AY 7 “ tothetine ofdey fiveppreciates <2pokeaN!Coldsrmcks, - sle JS a HfSOMS reservatle, Accommedhhisn ih belimited,wholeorpadofyournay. Change Doneader anid Sreftiels Crrange Shetheld ard Binnie, Change York Chane Dencester Crane Selly, Change at Selby and Edinburgh. Crange York and Etin burn. Cnange Dencaster and Eclinourg. Change leeds. Crarge SrefFicid T Thragh train. Passengers change at Sheffiet im ane directTovuniens otherwise unxficated Glasgow, Queen Street. dap. arr. AVA NIUe snes (AO eae . CiNobody) 4 XFUZOTMUnoS Ph, dep. Holl Orr. Bristot Hoty dep. arr. 12.50Arce 13.50or 14.505 or 15.50% op 16.50 qTAS 18.34 19.28 Share 10.58SA co 16.50 455% or 17-73 13.08 x or 13-34 13-468%.0r 19.28 il Hull Bristol 11.01 14.50%ce 15.10 18.10 41.01 Th 14.508 x or 2.02. : Edinburgh. Bristol Temple Meads. Chenge ab Selby ancl ‘fork (Via Edinburgh). M.00K<=G 16.36 ond departing from Hull on Sunday between Approx. 1 -0o- (5.00 Hrs. Trains Shown arriving at Hull on Friday between approx. [6.CO-21.00Hrs. 14. BER = 14. 39F Liverpoot as fan 16.25 17.34 Glasgow, Central. (via Leeds). Charge at Leeds ineach 17.103 20.47 averroe 18-10 Pia pie ra 17.50 ce 1.34 bin 14.39 Hull lagen cap, ma 16.367. 19-50 16.35.28 22.36 Manchester Piccadilly. London, King’s Cross 20.47 13.00 K or Edinburgh 15.00 %& ar. Hull 15.01 20.47 Glesgeww er. 18.25 20.25 21.25 16-00 de Hutt den 11.01DKoe O16.55 dep. 13.38C% o 13-36 11. OH 19.23 13.386 sr oe ah 14.307 neo rai direchonunlesscthaswiseshawn aE ae Piecndity ul IZ.08TK cr «16.50 13 °45k 17.13 18.34 19.28 20.28 M'chester ate: ae 18.45 1S.00 Ds 18.3+ 16.37 16.05 DB& 19.28 17.24D 17.10T 20.28 j The Hall Putman Hull ies Kings c. Piccadilly err + ore 11.01K 03.407 <e 13.07 5 11.01D xr 15.18 14-S0K6 1S.48DK ce 17.20 15.23 e JEF0 16.Sony = 19.22 ‘ Manchester Victoria. 6.45 4 20. 25 Anchester Victoria Hul ar 16.25 Newesstle Chonge St Selby and York dep. 13.57 in etrer direction unless 16.57 17. 567 13.23 cihewise shown. Nicastie dep. eal ar. 20.47 ‘chester 13.58¢ 16.36 Hull ons: Victoria est 17.,Sm Hut 20.4)7 Nicasile ae: 14.39 i17.oe 131.91Da ar. 164.3214 Cosgen services are Alen fIn operati*on +o arcdfrom Hoil. paver Aa cthemvise shown. Edinburgh Holt Change &t Selby, York, Edinburgh in €8ch direction Unless olhanwse shawn de on Glasgow Hall SAT eee nonin Pte we I oe =| MAIN ENTRANCE K\. on Ist flor. i. aN \ aS MK ule| | ome ‘HulSchool of ‘Archtecure SN\S QXry“\ NS\ WS RK Ss . SS SASS Ss SQN N IANS SCEens NNSAY\S ‘ NRW KAM S \ MOQ QAAMRAYN, NN SLABIES ‘CONFERENCE AREA.‘| | {Brunswick Avenue.| Shia od went ef” le i h iN Cafearea ene porenmise is ~Ce ahahaSie5 fatMe ame AsSNES= pa~| | EXHIBITION AREA, : ioney 7 reSo iasa Licensed areas shown hatched. PLEASE DO NOT TAKE DRINKS FROM THE BAR OUTSIDE THE LICENSED PREMISES. 44; Neville Morgan endeMloorenlatenel SuGhavslattenCie eeee -a7 Sao $270 WHOLE CoNcnrSss ATrinvDANCD KRULL 1977 1. John Allan 2. Norman Arnold 3. Stephen Barker 4. Susan Barlow 5. Jos Boys 6,. Francess Bradshaw 7. Dave Breakell 67 Romilly Road, London 14 355 040 9 Midland Road, Leeds 6, Yorks 48 Longmead Raad, Pendleson, Salford 6 205 Argbelle Street, Roath, Cardiff 8, ‘Tony Brohn 53 Millbrook Road, London Sw9 New Zealand or c/o Aylesbeare Post Office, Nr. Exeter, Devon 9. Christopher Brookes 10, Andy Brown 11. David Burney 12. Peter Bush I2 45 Hill House, Harrington Hill, Clapton, London E5 13. Graham Carey n) Geoff Cohen 15. Jamie Comrie 16. Christopher Cowan 17. Anne Delaney 35 Clarcnce Square, Cheltenham, Glos GL50 4Py 37 Primrose Gardens, London NW3 28 Pane Place, Cathays, Cardiff 21750 18 Brookhill Drive, Wollaton, Nottingham Oranje Nassaulaun 50 Amsterdam 18. Chris Dent 19. Hans Derks 20, Hibou Drusden 2i.. Julia Dwyer 22, Peter Forbes 23. Mark Gimson 24, James Goff 25. Janis Goodman 26. Robert Gordon 27@devie Green 28,. Hans Herms 52 Marlborough Road, Sheffield 10 , 66 St Agnes Place, London SE11 Parkview, Weeton Tane, Leeds 17 8 Cambridge Terrace ,Mews, 29. Soren Hesseldahl 30. Hugo Hinsley 31. John Hurley $2. Sue Jackson Place, London W2 449 Mile End Road, Bow, London 83 33. C Jones 34. Tom Jones Tasker's Cott, Thorhanby, 96 Wellsted S,reet, Hull, Humbershire e Tom Rhys Jones 36, Sjoulije De Jong 37. Jim Low 33.—_Lehrtbipmarr 39. Rodney Mace 40, Bob Maltz 4k. Gerry Metcalf 42. Andrzej Michelik 43, John Mitchell? 'Foelas', Tonrhiw Road, Tragarth, Bethesda, Bangor, Wales Spoorsingel 32, Delft, Holland Eull School of Architecture Building Design, 30 Calderwood Street, Woolwich SE18 14 Duncan Terrace. London Nl c/o BUDA, Lozgells Social Develpment Centre, Handsworth, Birmingham B19 1HS 173-5 Lozells Road 235 Arthur Road, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey 63 North Bar, Beverley 6 Granville Terrace, Bingley, West Yorks 14, Bromwydd Avenue, Penylan, Cardiff ©i— S4b “S634 London NwWl 1, The Leys, Green End, Kingsthorpe, Northampton Newnham College, 41 Endcliffe Rise Road, Sheffield 17 Show House, Bardney Orton Goldhey, Peterborough 29 South Hill Park, London NW3 36 Sutherland ___Wetsh-Scheoit-of—tirehiteetun, Cambridge CB3 9DF 4 Priory Terrace, 4 Highshore Road, Peckham, London SE15 5AA Cheltenham, Gloucestershire North Yorks 7 28 Park Pince, Carty CFL-53A London SE5 ORD 10 Brief Street, 14 Holmdale Road, London NW6 794 6437 Cheltenham S,hool 31 Hevford Avenue, London SW8 14 Derby Grove, Lenton, Nottingham G39 B2E4 Wik s¥e 275/ 45 Ate John Murray 46, Hattie Majas John Napier 48. Guido Van Overbeél 49. Pankaj C Pandya 50. Ken Pearce 51. Giles Pebody 52. DW Petterick Do's Andy PAi11ips 54. Adam Purser 55. Marion C R Roberts 56. David and Susan Roebuck 57. Mary Rogers Ruby Stroink Heimir Salt Jim Scott A B Shaw Roderick Shelton Douglas Smith H G Smith Mungo Smith John Stebbing S Stebbing Alex Alardyce mon McCormack, Martin Novotney Sie eae A 69. Jeremy Armita 10 Spencer Rad, Belper, Derbyshire 077 22 82 Arran Street, Roath, Cardiff 25 St George's Avenue, London N7 OHB Cod 4It3 44¥4 IIIS: 23 Grove Hill Road, London SE5 Oosteinde 41, Delft, Holland 170 Harrogate Road, Leeds 7 25 Market Street, Huddersfield 6 Tolmers Square 1 Fairfax Street, Bishophill, York, N Yorks 17 Delancey Street, London NW1 19 Langtree, Skelmsersdale, Lancs WN8 6TQ 96 Wellsted Street, Hull, Humberside 55 Ramsay Road, London E7 55 Ramsay Road, London ET 4xt, Lady Lawson Street, Edinburgh 5;Milton AveyLondon N.6, /2 122, Stanford Hill,London N.16. 68 Wragby Road, Lincoln Gerrit van der Beenstraat agit a Amsterdam, Holland c/o International $tudents House, 229 Gt Portland St, London 127 Feirbridge Road, Holloway, London N19. 272 ogo, WIN as c/o Levitt Bernstein Assoc,; 20, Oval Road, London MW td i 5 Marshall Street, Newland Ave, Hull 12a Tansdown Parade, Cheltenham, Glos Architecture Dept, Heriot-Watt University/iqinburgh College of 74. Dave and Angela Sutton 10 Andover Street, Sheffield S3 9EG 75. Ifor Thomas Wo Weve 1, Thompson T7Te Ian Tod 56 Elm Street, Roath, Cardiff 51, St Johns Wood Terrace, London NW8 9 Midland Road, Leeds 4~8.—_D_Walker 79. E Walker 80. David Somervell 81. Nick Wates 82. Caroline Lwin 85. Julia Wilson-Jones 84. Tom Wooley Bast Street; Kethem Dritfteht,—tumberstic;—¥605-ORn 15 Briarsdale Croft, Gipton, Leeds 1S8 3NE 22 Panmure Place, Edinburgh 3 10 Tolmers Square, London NW1 10 Tolmers Square, London NW1 6th Floor, Waretiouse D, Wapping Wa11, London 51 27 Clerkenwell Close, London ECG1R OAT Keoftle why Clue Walton. 1D Wene Ldezel tre jg Liclavel Th QV. lO (omg hk Lalcalh Read - ae (cad LA Ache. ©o7142 were festculendy wabreilido.Whd 24/u)r arkrodIfoFa.avsh qieup?: A CA. brebdect. Mme 363045 cHuce 13426 | Brice Smuth Sb Sonny vale Lead C 2 LA Act.tat David Mba Jol_wp-yke lane Chichglev Sure L.A Avdiles: Tetle heffuotel3 Lenny Diop : © QB. NAPKards Load REAM .Sothna\neien.. 1. 2. 3. ’ 4. DRAFT CONSTITUTION This Constitution has been based on the constitution proposed for the British Society for Social Responsibility in Science. The name of the movement is to be The New Architecture Movement. The NAM aime srs e collective action of architecture workers and lay- people to play an active role in radically altering the system of patronage and power in architecture. It seeks an architectural practice directly accountable to all who use its products and democratically controlled by the workers within it. NAM aims thereby to promte effective control by ordinary people over their environment and by architectural workers over their working lives. Members of the Movement shall be those who accept the aims of NAM. Members agree to pay an annual subscription. Membership may also be extended to those who affiliate to accredited groups. The formation of local and working groups of the Movement to organise activities in a particular locality or issue shall be encouraged. These groups shall: i) accept the broad aims of the Movement ii) submit areport of their activities to the national congress to include the names of members of the Movement who take part in the group and a contact address. iii) a group must comprise at least three paid-up members of he Movement; it may send a delegate to a Standing Congress. iv) the delegates from local and issue groups shall report back to their groups. There shall be an Annual National Congress. ‘the purpose of the Congress shall be to endorse policies formulated by the groups, elect a Liaison Group and elect a Standing Congress. 5 6. The Liaison Group is required to carry out administrative work only and to service the Standing Congress. It shall have the power to vote funds to encourage the setting up of other groups and is requirea to organise the annual vongress. No person may serve on the Liaison Group for more than one year. Te The Standing Congress shall act for the Movement between Annual Congresses, It shall compose ot 2U members which shall include one delegate for each accredited group and the rest shall be elected at the Annual Congress. The Chairperson of the Standing Congress shall rotate. i) the Standing Congress shall meet four times a year and the minutes of the meetings are to be published in Slate: there shall be at least 2 weeks notification in advance to all groups of these meetings. a quorum shall be 50%. ii) coe /2 Te iii) iv) v) the Standing Congress is empowered to recognise groups and review their acceptance as groups of the Movement and their right to send delegates to the Standing Congress. These decisions require a two-thirds majority and are subject to confirmation by a straight vote at an Annual Congress, Standing Congress may call an emergency meeting at the request of at least five of its number 8. 9, The question of affiliation to the Movement by other bodies and societies is to be investigated by the Liaison Group and to be reported to the 1978 Congress. Amendments to this constitution may be decided by two-thirds majority of those voting at an Annual or Emergency Congress. Such an amendment must be proposed by at least 6 paid-up members of the Movement. If such a proposed amendment is to be voted on at an Annual Congress, it must be submitted before a date to be announced to members by the Standing Congress. This date shall be at least two months and at most four months before the date of the Annual Congress and the announcement shall be given with at least one month's notice. If such a proposed amendment is to be voted on at an Emergency Congress, the amendment must be submitted in time for circulation one month before the Emergency Congress. »Al q Nominations for its elected members shall be sought not less than two months before the Annual Congress. A candidate at the time of nomination must be a paid-up member of the Movement, and isrequired to be nominated by two other paid-up members and is required to publish a statement of no more than 200 words to describe his/her activities and ideas. 10. An Emergency Congress can be held at the instigation of one-third of the Standing Congress or 30 members of the Movement. ll. 12. The 1977 Congress will be required to accredit the groups for the purposes of sending delegates to the 1977/78 Standing Congress. These groups shall include the Liaison Group and Slate. NAM shall seek the status of a charitable trust. prepared by David Roebuck 25.11.77 /2 ‘The existing structure of the New Avch.tectuve Movement shall be conselidaGd and strengthened | I. embevship is open te all whe accept the | road Qims of he New Ach tecture Mavenet (|Gms) a5pathieAletaealeclbcceipTicndetevmineof c ot the nny | (one VESS- Qusedklor | QvuAeTee rolalig Shall be held)'between ees ses to on (pry Se sf (eato HyRHE members the AG, pelicans receive the N.A.M, nWsuae7gan oyvo C“tte2KeAGM. Motion om NAM), Sitguettwne¢ fang loca x f SSS AinoGove of Shall be ele lac Cie CCAC ANG GalAy aad ee q,AllNAMCotSeo eeet(eastONS delega t To Eiroup forums Five ata bo who at |rast ten GaysWiprocee The Liaison q ad Tone | oeCue A foun CG. The Liaison Crornoup"at A. — \ bee wy) B.—ibeFespepnlty apFeemer sulsevigTiovy NAME. . ecaanise the ann casa and AG Te Do ee Aevelopus Tof ea | ie Lyatson Gp is accomtalle to ie=(Moveunent- —acilitate Communication etwreen ve hour fo assist the hatson leaHalle : rush the iM. ted C8aw be yeca(| a N.4.M, = ieyfabel be by QW A.G.M. ak wwAGRA SOeeutAGIA soley. erde-tofactHatecaeona a oe divectod b alGn on D0 mw o,f ee Na Ig oe My ¢ Ne gai stectee thebroads avd Owed = qa We(( Qareport inpaedalVance te the au nve( Conc res<. OF. Slat is the news iter and Oia i He New Archiectvre Ao wea [+ tae s@VJveé the Movement QAnA be CESpon se as to“TheAGMcane staat be furenced by l Own sales aud §hel Vece(vefrowrtheLiatsenGpfu}COvt ee per meerleew eee re 8, wae in advauce of Cac (SSue of Six a {ous A ,te 2WAC ITora Meobe (subserine=e Ghshalt b.e£5peloyedLpeopa f2:So r stu ents ,unemy| aye ‘and O-AP.'S Sublect te cen stdin bg hk Liason Crip): (0. D Seale cape ttHeinalMieorLiyle Sake Cetcotoeae teny (A) Suchiow ppeedua [Leottieal 110) SALE. OF fotag.ratconsis gr ae barely nailing OC Fromibagy cavios pubhorpions Odile aneaoofrlticlfo SLATE. bacle« Be | Uniyanincadhns Mishap RalpectBale OMiah ALGO. ~d 0sadnAmelWntone, el hen lea Gimups lag ot 7:00 (4DiticustyywficheAudick,— ee b BOG Shel ® llabinshila 6 VOS. Wakes ekepiniebae betliptdsd , (3)Notvue,(HwTRStebleuhwan MyvpelivaPEO Muka ot 9:0. vile 7ae =a fee Boal gs — tohen - 063 ws tea! — — PefarolS Kino brboler~ isbeled,mm sora Mdvalsershits : ba AK Ne 2 “J! a> S cod — — ts r TM Ww“ NS >\ luke You gulscuibe tp &% -[dokefusel Yeofogeedturee Hoe)onah—g1lowiltedicChaMichte~S, Novag bs-sul-sunke De fe QMenareodacslniabciel.Dirck—lesenonbentbuy Why bens wh 4 CobRWyrit mah—gorgoft @ A—Cub cree & Were, | Ede oo = 7ull & ol Ll.ofbale, Dorr—ldertefiabaHtNeca Mur qWan doeordquart SE taeWhitetyoveflour.ouldbevrtalatn Nod ay attrtad ©rach lod ; Csfulleler ieee eae oebuuflahdy, igs) —trolSulaoyetulowr wisrsbraebo t G02 bYrcacl Cn~Se104 Qu, enaeHite WattAuldbeonge—g me eS Aris-|| ide tfrak— fey CUbscnf he ~ hecA (kaloYeah Chg a DES Cot prreliece ie i te forcte nn Onl Cease 7( POY acd, MH |7 gfntad cxsew Lary is jp uteeeenee, Pigs self eae EA ; teney Dat bePt—atur€ East Uf jelag fMerrie Fg Say dp en ota eee PR jose eh Naf GEtleamspl eee pttlh Ale jr LidevteystodPada! eee ee Beret AIMS ORIGINS NEW ARCHITECTURE Piespaaaaeelacinaint lyn GeeRe ene eee the public, ++-eholding informal seminars in London and other towns, | ACTIVITIES 9, POLAND St, LONDON. wiv3DG. The New Architecture Movement ("Nam) aims, through the collective action of architectural workers and other concerned people, to Play an active role in Padically altering the system of Patronage and power in architecture. It seeks an architectural Practice directly accountable to all who use its Products and democratically controlled by the workers within it. Nam aims thereby to promote effective control by ordinary People over their environ- ment and by architectural workers over their working lives. NAM is comple- tely independent. It is not, and does not seek to become, a "learned so- ++ «publishing SLATE, a bi-monthly Newsletter and Tadical paper on architec- ture and the building industry, ++-developing outline Proposals for a "National Design Service," If you would like to become a member of NAM, fill in this form and send it together with a cheque or postal order (payable to the New Architecture Movement) for £5 (if you're employed) or £2 (student, claimant or OAP) to NAM, 9 Poland Street, London W1V 306. NA MOVEMENT RealMSECGontbacoSdacttncaaanaeeaeeu, ciety," "professional institute" or trade union. Congress held in Harrogate for the Purpose of building Up a broadly-based, Progressive force for accountability and Gemocracy in architecture. Qut of that Congress came a contact list, several local NAM 9roups and a Liaison Congress, which was held in Blackpool in November 1976. During NAM's first two years, the activities of varioys 9roups included: +--submitting evidence to the Monopolies Commission investigating alleged price-fixing among architectural firms, ++-publishing a report, Working for What?: The Case for Trade Union Organ- isation in Architecture and the Allied Building Professions, and spon- soring a special conference on the subject at which People employed in the building Professions decided within which one union to launch an Organising drive among private sector staff. (TASS was chosen. ) ithandiscsiBLaae oe bibles ouGGs On eonbesscsuGnacon cence maton, rene oaseaccicseiere eheiereloloroiotela(eleteiGlaslarareteyeter eet ee (Membership includes a year's subscription to SLATE, the nam newsletter, But if you would like to receive 6 issues of SLATE without Joining Nam, enclose cheque/p.o. for £1.50 with your name and address.) STRUCTURE PARTICIPATION AND SUPPORT ENQUIRIES cut andr return growing. come. ++epublishing the New Architecture Calendar, tt ndar ++eworking towards the establishment of "community design services" in Cardiff and Leeds, ++ Participating in "Interbuild '77," the biennial building industry ex- hibition, with a NAM stand. ++«speaking to groups of architects, architecture students and community activists about subjects of NAM's concern, Further development in these and other areas is expected during 1978. In addition, NAM nominees have been elected to six of the seven seats Tepresenting over 3,000 "unattached " architects on the Architects Regis- tration Council (ARCUK) for 1977-1978. group finances its own activities. The structure of NAM is more a "network" than a "pyramid." It consists of autonomous locally=based and/or issue-oriented groups as well as single members. Each group defines its Own role in furtherance of the overall aims. Broader contact is maintained through a Liaison Group, which consists of six members elected at the annual Congress as well as delegates from the groups. The Liaison Group is accountable to the Movement as a whole. People active in NAM, and those who support its aims, are drawn from within the field of architecture as well as from the "lay" public. From within architecture, workers in architectural practices predominate, fol- lowed by students and teachers of architecture. Interest in NAM is steadily The Second Congress decided to consolidate and strengthen the existing structure and financing of NAM by collecting subscriptions from the mem- bership. Membership now costs £5 for employed people and £2 for students and unemployed. A seperate subscription to SLATE, the NAM newsletter sent free to members, costs £1.50 for six issues. Contributions are also wel- Subscriptions and contributions are intended to cover Liaison Group expen- ses and to "float" activities that are, in principle, self-supporting, such as the Congress, seminars, literature for sale, etc. At present, each NAM All enquiries to The Secretary, Liaison Group, The New Architecture Move- ment, 9 Poland Streat, London wiv 30G. ing preliminary steps: 3rd Congress November 1977 function of securing the stability of the social system. This is not going to happen over night. NAM's proposals for a Nationa] Design Service are based on a critique® of architectural Patronage and its affects on architectural service to the public, architects working arrangements and the type and form of buildings which result from it. We argued for a design service which would be directly accountable to and controlled by the people in its locality, and it was Suggested that neighbourhood based local authority offices should form the foundation of such a service. The main factor was identified as control Over resources at local level. Control over the design process is a secondary although re- lated issue. It was pointed out that local authorities are centrally important as the main and often the only structure through which the majority of people can exert demands and gain access to land, finance and other resources necessary for their housing health and education requirements. The role of the state in providing what are essentially the means of reproduction was also examined together with its other Although it appears that local authorities cannot be radically changed in our society, history has shown that as the lowest tier of government they are susceptible to vigorous Pressure from below. They can be made to change direction in the face of the collective demands of tenants organisations,local political parties and trade unions. It is in these areas that NAM must organise and promulgate its ideas for a national design service which would require democratic control over local re- sources and local design and construction teams by local residents. The NDS Group considers that this Congress should initiate the follow- -2- Consolidate NDS Group by the inclusion of local authority architectural workers Mandate NDS Group as a matter Or urgency to undertake the necessary research and publicity that a conference of local authority architectural workers may be held to discuss this issue before the local elections in May 1978 2 Mandate NDS Group to begin negotiations with Union repre- sentatives of direct. labour Organisations and with repre- sentatives of national tenant Organisations to prepare the foundations for eventual links between local authority tenants and their architectural and construction workers. available from 9 Poland Street "A National Design Service'! Paper 2, May 1976 Paper 3, Nov 1976 London WI Price: 50p enclose (cheque/postal order payable to the New Architecture ‘Movement. Prices above include POSURESYeserves=teateetaneeeeeeenae TOTAL <¢ ee I would like to receive the NAM newsletter 'SLATE' without joining NAM The cost is £1.50(six issues) ;) : enclose a cheque/postal order (payable to New Architecture Movement) orf NAME ; ADDRESS | Sseuenee copies of Education and the Proffession @ SOD See Seer copies of Short History of the Architectural Prof- ession:@:30m5... abecieainteal.OO ile:ani|£ Se ctee copies of Report to the Birmingham Green Ban Action CommaTtee:'@SOD. lsat ceeta enaeI £ se enn copies of Working for What? The Case For Trade Union Organisation in Architecture and Allied Building Professions,@;SOpsigs oakkicnds:.qbast.bLuew.aecaLns£ oe copies of Architectural Practice, ARCUK, and the chitects Registration Acts é (9) RPI PCAINIMENEyreoes teoo £ e-copiesofProfessionalismé@LODeiciicesrerchcohcetleneistSee£ ..copies of The NAM Monopolies Commission Report @ ¢1.¢ -.copies of SLATE:The NAM newsletter (no.1 3/77) @ 25p£ -..copies of SLATE:The NAM newsletter (no 2 5/77) @ 25p.£ on ee copies of SLATE:The NAM newsletter (no 3 7/77) @ 25pe -+..copies of SLATE:The NAM newsletter (no 4 9/77) @ 25p£ copies of SLATE:The NAM newsletter (no 5.12/77) @ 25p TNE EREESAESERARRARERIDERAREHAREEEAVR EERVASEEEATIoo oy NEW ARCHITECTURE MOVEMENT PUBLICATIONS ~flease send me the following: siayece aae copies of 1978 Calendar illustrated Hellman @ £1.00.£ Stare ees copies of Asbestos information leaflet (two sheets A4) aYa er Laey copies of NAM information leaflet (One sheet A4) ead AL ASAE ESEEANE ERE ANEKE SENSED EESKERE CERES HERE WUS IEE CREE RIES oo Tee EEEEA RETA TESCAREERARR REHKKKEDA6EHBEON54oaks In addition to, or in place of, becoming a NAM member or newsletter subscriber, I would like to contribute financially to NAM's work. I enclose a contribution (cheque/postal order payable to the New Architecture! Movement) ¢ nt RMAEEESSEERSERSARESSFABANEEERESARAAAADRAKE RRMA RRR oaas Please send me the following, for which I enclose a ‘stamped, self-— addressed envelope (large enough to take A4 size papers): Cheques and postal orders Payable to NAM. Please return VAME ADDRESS this form as to The Secretary NEW ARCHITECTURE MOVEMENT, 9 Poland Street, London W1V 3DG Date received_ ~a soon as possible NAH Employed in architectural education (specify scinool) Unemployed PbO t FEOIOGIOICICOCICS OOOOOIIOIISOIGAIOISIDIGIGRxISIokekdoko FOICRICIOIIOIIOIIGORICIOIOICICIIOIOIIOIGDIOOCOIROIOIOIIGsolSIGAIGoiekoko: The following information would help the Liason Group better serve the membership and readership. Please complete if possible. 1 enclose a cheque/postal order (Payable to the New Architecture Mov't) for €£ OCCUPATION: Employed in architecture (specify firm, authority, etc) ) Other employment (specify) PARTICIPATION IN NAM local or issue oased groups (specify which group/s) TRADE UNION MEMBERSHIP (specify which union and branch) would like torbe a member of the New Architecture Movement. (Please use block letters TELEPHONE Home Work Membership fee for one year (Incl. year's subs to SLATE) Employed people..:.. £5.00 Claimants/Students/OAP's..... £2.00 Student (specify school and department) ‘re you an 'UNATTACHED ARCHITECT'(ie. not a member of RIBA, Architectur issociation,) but registered with ARCUK. Yes/No NAM These public expressions of NAM as well as the less publicised ones are the issues around which NAM groups form to work on.eThe groups which have issues clarified enough to present a working paper use the congress workshops to enlarge the discussion and to put forward m tions for the congress to adopt. Werkshops so far Proposed for this Years congress Cover; EDUCATION ,NATIONAT, DESIGN SERVICE ,UNIONISATION, ARCUK, ‘WOMEN IN 7 CHITECTURE jSLATESCONSTITUTION, A fuller list of workshop options will be included in vhe final briefing package, Tt require bed and breakfast accomodation @ £2.50. per night per per 1/2 nights single/double TOTAT ©snes I requi-s the alternative accomodation @ 50p per night na 1977CONGRESS APPLICATION The 3rd annual Congress of the New Architecture Movement Will be taking place on the weekend of the 25th,26th and 27th november 1977.This years event will be the 3rd NAM congress following the inaugural congress at Harrogater in 1975,and Blackpool in 1976.The hosts for this year: are the Hull €roup of NAM in conjunction with the Huli School of Architecture, The congress of '77 concludes a year of action'duri Which NAM has emerged as a force within the architectural world.Much of this'action'has stemed from the researches and and discussions carried out by NAM Groups during 1976 which were aired and refined at the Blackpool congress. These 'actions"inelude the following, NAM's May Unionisation Conference which chose T.A.S.S. within which to organise architectural workers, NAM's Unionisation groups report'Working for What’, NAM's presence in ARCUK Tepresenting the unattached Salaried architect, NAM's newspaper 'Slate! the only radical paper for architectural workers. tear off and return to 9,Poland st,London,w1 NAM 1977 CONGRESS APPLICATTON DATE vicholel©1°1@le\elwielelsiatelelelti/7, igsSoSteesclaceneegacADDRESS:eeneemeee WVA2 nights LOLA cvetetes ore I enclose a cheque payable to the New Architecture Movement for the following amount Udogoconssaan What is NAM,? EE The cost of the congress includes meals for the 3—days. The congress ends after lunch on Sunday afternoon, A more detailed programme will be included in the final briefing. The programme for the congress begins with registration at 7.30pm on friday 25th novanber followed by an introduction and discussion.A buffet will be provided, Saturday is bound up with congress workshops/general sessions and a public forum/discussion in the late afternoon followed by a social evening, food,drink and chat. The NAM agm takes place on Sunday morning with an alternative event Which is a tour de Hull for those not directly involved in NAM. The New Architecture Movement ("NAM") sims, through the col- lective action of architectural workers and other concerned people, to play an active role in radically altering the sys- tem of patronage and power in architecture. It seeks an archi- tectural practice directly accountable to all who use its pro- ducts and democratically controlled by the workers within it. NAM aims thereby to promote effective contol by ordinary people Over their environment and by architectural workers over their working lives. cut here and return the lower portion to 9,Poland Street. INTERVAL RESOLUTIONS AGM: HULL, NOVEMBER 27 1977 NEW ARCHITECTURE MOVEMENT © [opr tlooqncoes 4 9, POLAND St, LONDON. Wiv3DG. & i) The AGM agreed to set up a Constitution Group to look into the structure of NAM and to report back to a specially convened congress or the Fourth Annual Congress. The AGM passed the following motions to direct the Movement until the next Congress, or until a constitution is established: The New Architecture Movements aims, through the collective action or architectural workers and other concerned people, to play an active role in radically altering the system of patronage and power in architecture. It seeks an architectural practice directly accountable to all who use its products and democratically controlled by the workers within it. NAM aims thereby. to promote effective control by ordinary people over their environment and by architectural workers over their lives. Membership is open to all who accept the broad aims of the New Architecture Movement and pay the annual sub- scription determined by the AGM. Members receive SLATE and put motions to and vote at the AGI. Group Forums open to all members shall be held quarterly between Congresses to facilitate communication between groups, to assist NAM policy shall be decided by an AGM at the annual Congress. Policy as formulated by groups and members shall be offered for endorsement to the AGM at the annual Congress. the Liaison Group and to aid in carrying out AGI policy. All NAM groups are encouraged to send at least one delegate to each Group Forun. A Liaison Group of at least 10 members shall be elected at this AGM. At least 5 shall be from the same locality in order to facilitate day to day administration. The Liaison Group may co-opt up to four additional members, ; . . 6. The Liaison Group shall: oe TORII BIH i) Attend all Group Forums and help to arrange such Forums with local Groups. i ii) Be responsible for membership subscriptions and central finances. dii) Organise the Annual Congress and AGM. iv) Encourage the development of NAM and encourage local groups to arrange monthly meetings, advertised in SLATE and given support by the Liaison Group; and that the Liaison Group should attach priority to the formation of new local groups where they do not exist, 7. The Liaison Group is accountable to the iMovement through the AGM and can be recalled or redirected by a special Congress requested by at least 15 members. 8. Each group shall submit a report in advance of the Annual Congress. SLATE is the newsletter and organ of the New Architecture Movement. It shall serve the ifovement and be responsible to the AGM and Group Forums, t shall be financed by its own sales and shall receive from the Liaison Group full cover price per member in advance of each issue to a maximum of 6 per year. 10. The membership subscription for 1978 shall be £5 for employed people and £2.50 for students, unemployed and 0.A.P's (subject to detailed study by the Liaison Group). 11. A Constitution Group should be formed to look into the structure of NAM and to report back to a specially convened congress or the Fourth Annual Congress. 12.PressstatementsorlettersshouldbesignedbytherelevNAMagnrotup. 13. The Liaison Group is to forward "issue" mail to the relevant "issue group". & AG Lo 4: rs over Dp pol 4 1 ys abour | ' iatnry vory min le I nise =z ocal rade uz 5e ae This Congress comménds the completed work of the Unionisation (Organising) Committee and recommends and urges all workers in the private sector building design professions to join TASS-BDS. FREER III IIE FORHEIRIBEE NAM LIAISON GROUP 1976/77 9 Poland Street, London W.1. This Congress mandates a working party to explore the notential for an alliance between members of TASS-BDS and building design workers in the public sector trade unions. This Congress deplores the use of sexism in advertising and the character- isation of women and men in degrading stereotyped roles in the architectural trade press. We therefore call upon NAM members to refuse to specify any products promoted through sexist advertising, and to encourage fellow architectural workers to follow suit. This Congress deplores sexism in all aspects of the building industry and approves the setting up of NAM campaisning groups to investigate and take action on the vosition of women in the industry and education. Following the workshop on Architectural Education the Congress noted that an issue group is to be re-established to co-ordinate further work. This Congress supports the efforts of NAM members representing unattached architects on the Architects Registration Council of the United Kingdom. i) This Congress notes the savage attacks orchestrated by the National Federation of Building Trade Employers and the Tory Party against Direct Labour Organisations and Local Authority architects' departments. ii) This Congress expresses its support for the democratic fight of the Direct Llahour Organisations. A new Liaison Group comprising nine people was elected for 1977/78 to co-ordinate the administration of the Movement. This is not going to happen over night. ing preliminary steps: 3rd Congress November 1977 NAM's proposals for a National Design Service are based on a critique® of architectural patronage and its affects on architectural service to the public, architects working arrangements and the type and form of buildings which result from it. We argued for a design service which would be directly accountable to and controlled by the people in its locality, and it was suggested that neighbourhood based local authority offices should form the foundation of such a service. The main factor was identified as control over resources at local level. Control over the design process is a secondary although re- lated issue. It was pointed out that local authorities are centrally important as the main and often the only structure through which the majority of people can exert demands and gain access to land, finance and other resources necessary for their housing health and education requirements. The role of the state in providing what are essentially the means of reproduction was also examined together with its other function of securing the stability of the social system. Although it appears that local authorities cannot be radically changed in our society, history has shown that as the lowest tier of government they are susceptible to vigorous pressure from below. They can be made to change direction in the face of the collective demands of tenants organisations,local political parties and trade unions. It is in these areas that NAM must organise and promulgate its ideas for a national design service which would require democratic control over local re- sources and local design and construction teams by local residents. The NDS Group considers that this Congress should initiate the follow- -2- Consolidate NDS Group by the inclusion of local authority architectural workers Mandate NDS Group as a matter or urgency to undertake the necessary research and publicity that a conference of local authority architectural workers may be held to discuss this issue before the local elections in May 1978 Mandate NDS Group to begin negotiations with Union repre- sentatives of direct. labour organisations and with repre- sentatives of national tenant organisations to prepare the foundations for eventual links between loca] authority tenants and their architectural and construction workers. "A National Design Service" Paper 2, May 1976 Paper 3, Nov 1976 available from 9 Poland Street London WI Price: 50p : - “A built in 1958. Mr Emerton. Mr Phillips, who had been off work for two days after the ac- cident, telephoned Shrewsbury office from Wrex- ham on 26 July and refused to carry on working unless he had a labourer. Mr Jordan visited the site and was forced togive him his dismissal note. Mr Emerton said the day Mr Phillips resumed work after the accident he apologised to Mr Jordan for calling in the fac- tories inspector and “accepted that he had been wrong”. Questioned by Mr Driver, Mr Emerton agreed it was nor- Dismissal notice mal for a craftsman like Mr Phillips to have an assistant, but in this instance his usual “mate” was on holiday. In those cir- cumstances he would be ex- pected to work alone. Mr Jordan told the Tribunal that on the day he gave Mr Phillips his dismissal notice Mr Phillips was working on a house gable, and said that once he had finished the gables he would not do any labouring work for the rest of the roof. Mr Phillips told him: “It’s not on. I am employed asa slater and tiler.” “He just seemed determined to be dismissed,” said Mr Jor- dan, “I did not want to get rid of him because he is a g00d tiler and Ineeded him. But Ihad to do it.” Mr Phillips, a slater and tiler for 25 years, told the Tribunal that on the day of his accident he was standing on aceiling Joist which broke. “I grabbed the trusses, and Iwrenched my knee and the side of my back. There was a clear drop to the the wanted scaffolding Gatwick prepares for Jumbos floor joists.” He came down the ladder “yery shaken” and told the builder he was getting in touch with the factories inspec tor. Mr Phillips claimed that if scaffolding had been provided he would have been Standing on it instead of the ceiling joists. Mr Phillips said there were two labourers available at Shrewsbury who could have assisted him load the roof on Which he was working, but when he asked if one of them could labour for him he was told it was “too far’. When Mr Jordan came to & site he was working on § gable, and he told Mr Jordan he did not intend to load the roof with tiles when there was a labourer free to do the work. Mr Jordan give him his dismissal notice and said: “I’ve had it in my pocket for quite a while.” “J Just remarked, ‘It’s been fixed then, has it?” ” said Mr Phillips. “If he had not come to the site Iwould have had my dinner and then done the other gables. Iwould have carried on work- ing. But Isaid Iwasn’t loading the roof while there was a free labourer,” said Mr Phillips. He had had no real dispute with Mr Emerton in the past — “just the odd tiff”. Ernest Coombs, industrial relations officer of the NFBTE, who represented the firm, sub- mitted that Emerton had not acted unreasonably in disaaiss- ingMrPhillipsforrls Carry out working instructions in accordance with his contrae of employment. Competitions and awards Wimpey Ltd. When itiscompleted, A “safety conscious” roof tiler was sacked because he made a nuisance of himself to his boss. it was claimed at an Industrial Tribunal at Shrewsbury. He called in a factories in- spector when he was not satisfi- ed with safety measures on a housing site where he worked, and was dismissed a few days later after he refused to load tiles on a roof because, he claimed, it was not a craftsman’s job and there was a labourer available to do it. ~He is a very safety- conscious person who has perhaps made a nuisance of himself, but that is no reason to dismiss him,” said John Driver, representing 45-year-old George Phillips of Shenandoah Cottage, Cinder Lane, Reaseheath, Nantwich. “It seems clear that for one reason Or another the company were looking for a reason to give him the sack.” But Mr Phillips lost his unfair dismissal claim against his former employers, Emerton Roofing (Western) Ltd, of Ac- ton, Nantwich. Anthony Gordon, the Tribunal chairman, said the panel was unanimous in its deci- sion, the reasons for which would be made known at a later date. Gerald Emerton, the firm’s Managing director, and a member of the National Federa- tion of Roofing Contractors’ safety committee, told the Tribunal that on 18 July the manager of the Shrewsbury branch, Leslie Jordan, told him he was having “further trouble” ee eee O The commemorative medal for the most outstanding British- designed and built entry in the tural interest coupled with an housing section of the adventurous use of colour wai Europrefab Golden Trophy won by 23-year-old Pete Competition has been awarded Robertson of the Sco to Millard Contractors Ltd of Sutherland school of architee Tipton, West Midlands. The ture, Aberdeen. medal was awarded by the System Builders section of the NFBTE for Millard’s “Pur- pose Built” timber frame system. Millard recently. com- pleted 91 houses in Greenwich on a difficult site using this system. O The £250 pnize, given by an entry of particular architec ‘Safety first’ tiler who with Mr Phillips over scaf- folding at the Merinda housing development at Wrexham. Mr Phillips was refusing to work on the Wrexham site un less scaffolding was provided, Mr Jordan had given Mr Phillips a verbal warning for not complying with instructions, and he was put on casual work in the Shrewsbury yard while it was decided what further steps should be taken. Mr Emerton said he prepared a final written warning which Mr Jordan was to give to Mr Phillips if he again refused to work at the Wrexham site. Under building safety re- quirements the work Mr Phillips was engaged on did not need scaffolding. The safety re quirements laid down that edge protection or scaffolding was not necessary unless a roof had a slope of more than 30 degrees, and the slope on the Wrexham houses was only 224 degrees. Mr Phillips was handed the written final warning when he again refused to g0 to Wrexham on 20 July. “I had given instruc- tions that it was only to be issued if it was absolutely necessary,” said Mr Emerton. Mr Phillips then agreed to g0 to the Wrexham site, and that same day he was involved in an accident. Two days later, said Mr Emerton, he was told by the main contractors that factory inspectors were inspecting the building where the accident had happened. “Later I was in- formed they would not be sub mitting a report because there was no case to answer,” said O Eastham House, Wirre owned by Merseyside Improv Houses, has been selected as the most successful sheltered hou. ing scheme for the elderly fro: over 180 entries in the Institut of Housing Silver Jubilee com- petition. CA regional architectural com- petition is being organised by the Scottish Special Housing Association with the RIAS. Eight local authority practices in Glasgow and West area have been asked to submit their designs for a housing develop- ment in Glasgow. The central pier at London's Gatwick airport has been completely rebuilt to handle jumbo jets at a cost of £10 million. The aircraft are boarded by manoeuvrable apron-drive air bridges. The architects are Yorke Rosenberg Mardall, while the contractor is George O The final of the Institution of Civil Engineers’ 1977 Cooling Prize competition has been won by a young Plymouth Polytechnic research Student, Clive Williams, for his Paper on the measurement of ground movement using lasers. inJune 1978,itwilltake1]JumbojetSatonce,replacingtheoriginalpier 36 Building 2 December 1977 On the road energy code The first part of an ambitious programme towards es tablishing a building energy code (excluding dwellings) was launched last week by the Chartered Institution of Building Services. Practical guide lines* are provided for achieving conservation through good practice in design. Three other parts are to follow, the most important being guidance on energy design targets. Part I of the code concen trates on new building. In ducing it, Neville Billington, Ov: of the CIBS chnology Board, said “No part of the building and its ser- vices can be considered in isolation. Independent in Stallation of heating and lighting, for example, can lead to waste while the intelligent use of controls can save up to 30 per cent of energy used. to an Buildings can better,” be designed The document goes far beyond the well-known [HVE Guides in scope and underlines the CIBS aim of involving the services engineer in decisions made about a building’s design and running efficiency. It is written as a guide to what is practical and economic, rather than embracing what CIBS describes as the esoteric and the ayant garde, It covers such New NEC; a building success Story. This year’s building exhibition mingham was a mistake. Interbuild has been so General pressure on the Successful that the organisers NEC is so heavy, that special have already promised to return government permission is now n, standards for heating ang ghting, standards for f r e. AM’s directions ome interesting new goals ere established at the third an- to the National Exhibition Cen- tre in two years’ time — and this the halls by 1200 m? at a cost of forge links between architec tablishment of a National tural trade unions in the public Design Service Group within and private sectors. In another NAM. This was mandated to motion that deplored sexism in investigate how local authorities the building industry, NAM could provide the public with members were exhorted “to access to the resources of hous- refuse to specify any products The employers had also wanted safety representatives to have served a minimum period of two years, which was in line with the regulations. Here the unions gained their point that a one year period would be more appropriate. The unions also wanted site safety committees to be set up within one month instead of three. Although the employers wouldn’t agree, they have left it to be a matter of consultation. As a result of the delay in Getting agreement between the two sides, plans to hold pilot training schemes on safety in January have now been put back. ing and architecture in general. The potential for local authority architectural staff, direct labour The decline in workload is slowing down but is not yet reversed, according to the latest Survey by the RICS on quantity surveyors’ workload. While 21 per cent of practices reported an improvement in the third quarter, 36 per cent suffered a decline. An RICS spokesman said promoted through sexist adver- tising”. Manufacturers of shower- baths may like to note this. at the electricians’ annual con- ference, the union’s rule forbid- ding communists to hold official positions was maintained. UCATT has two communists on its national executive council and a number scattered among its regional council members. @ UKAPE is issuing a writ Corrections against the Advisory, Concilia- The cost of the FrigateRefitting Service in complex at Devonport (Building respect of a report on the 18 November) was £17.5 mil- ing to get a declaration that the report is invalid. tion and Arbitration recognition of collective lion not £33 million as stated, bargaining rights at the Bedford sites of W H Allen. The professional engineers are hop- Organisations, tenants’ time they would be booking the about £500000. Although federations and trade unions to entire place, not just four out of Planning permission will ual congress of the New work jointly towards this end the six halls as this year. probably be forthcoming soon, Architecture Movement (NAM), which was held in Hull last weekend. One of the main new fronts that was opened up was the es- was announced as the theme for Trade visitors’ attendance is the next Interbuild in November a conference next May. reported to be up by 25 per cent 1979 may be among the first ex- On the trade union front, a on 1975, completely allaying hibitions to benefit from the working party was set up to the fears that the move to Bir- enlarged facilities. being sought to expand one of Building 2 December 1977 35 ims as optimum levels of in- sul *CIBS Energy Code Part 1: Guidance towards energy conserving design of buildings and services. Cost to CIBS members is £2.50 and to non members is £3.50 from the CIBS Publications Department, 49 ¢adogan Square, London SWIX OJB equipment and places a duty on the manufacturer to provide data to the specifier. CIBS acknowledges its debt to the similar American ASHRAE code published in 1975 and which is now incor- porated in legislation, but says that its code goes further and is able to cope with the changes in regulations and cost that are bound to occur. Commenting on the code for DOE, Ian Macpherson of the Building Regulations Division stated: “Energy conservation is too important to leave to regulations. Conservation must Start in the designer’s heart. This code is the key.” Part 2 of the code is due out in draft form next spring and will deal with the challenging topic of energy targets. The Public Services Agency is waiting for this Part 2 to appear before deciding whether or not to make use of the code man- datory on its building projects. RIBA is in liaison with the CIBS and Richard Burton, RIBA’s energy convenor, reports that the code will be dis- cussed during the new RIBA in- itiatives on energy announced by president Gordon Graham last week. for the next year Safety working rule agreed No recovery yet for surveyors that some practices have that the Health and Safety reported no new commissions Commission guidelines were for preliminary estimates or Specific in giving the unions bills of quantities during the responsibility in this field. past two quarters. “It is par- However, it has been agreed ticularly worrying that 70 per that there can be discussions cent of member firms received with the employers on ap- no commissions for new private pointments although these will housing work during this impose no obligations on the period,” he said. unions. re @ Fees, advertising and limited liability could become major issues if architects and sur- yeyors are not adequately com- pensated for their responsibilities in their fee scales, says Henry Parkin, president of the IAAS. In these circumstances, he says, many would want to abandon the existing prohibitions. @ Prospects of a merger dimension by 300 mm generally between the main building un- reduced the target area by more ion UCATT and the EPTU than 25 per cent. This should were not helped last week when, have read 2 per cent. Interbuilding on success A new working rule agreement over the new safety rules was agreed between the employers and unions last week. Ratifica- tion is expected in January. Originally, the building em- ployers had sought a greater Say in the appointment of safety representatives which the un- ions had resisted, pointing out In the article “Sizing up con struction” on the economics of dimensional co-ordination (Building 1 November), it was stated that to reduce a plan pien histS oleSeeLeeceche ; CULT Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Liaison Group Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available John Murray Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1977 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/af2b7f11f553f4c7b021f367d9af6d24.pdf a47eba001da3f414a8bb9ef37cc54a5e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harrogate Founding Congress Subject The topic of the resource The Harrogate Congress was the founding of NAM. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 21-23 November 1975 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Attendance/ Contact List Subject The topic of the resource Attendance lists for Harrogate 2pp, and contact lists by area 12pp Description An account of the resource NEW ARCFTTECTURE MOVEMENT LOEDOLig I R ,SAY 22, 1976 ATTENDENCE LIST N s, -F1eM S tio tIftvliSSW) M1911\43, rkti/ 67 Rmilly Road, Lond6n, N4, 01-359-0491 —ANSON, Brian, 16, Claremont Gdns. Surbitbn Surreys 01-636-0974 ,444=1„....l.adamwb, 610 Finchley Rd. London Y.W.11 , CARTER'., Peter, Green Ban Action Committee, e Nurtha (>4 EDMONDS,S.P., 26, Runneymede 'FEMME 131 Brickfield Rd. oreshore Rd. London, S.E.8 en End, Kingsthorpe, 14a1941.&% N ek-eettitr, 68,Ranalagh Rd. London W.5 4 Birmingham, 021-773-7811,-------OZUga Rd., Whitton MiddlesexThornton Heath, Surrey. 5 -voir7 HOOPS, R. 226, North Mapte, Green Bay, Wisconsin U.S.A. C/./4""") 7 La T('URELLE, Dean, 5 Schoril of Environmental Studies, UniverSity Gower St, London, W.C.1 Architectural Society, P.C.L. 35, Marylebune London W.1 w /6, MARSH, J, School of Architecture, Scroope Terrace, Trumpington Cambridge Marjoram, Kevin, 444, Northampton Buildings, Rmsoman St, London, Maltz, R. 11, -iklmdale Rd. Lond©n N.W.6 -MalsAsy."--44A-r, Architectural Association, 01-636-0974 geTte117-N-e7ille, 610. Finchley 9 PLea4149-5,9-Alexander Road, Hedloway. London N 19. body, Giles,-76B Loveridge Road, London NW6 Rd, St, At 36 Bedford Sq. London, W.C.1 Rd., Londln N.W.11 -CEP. Acram7-50-Bargate Rcad, Belper • Derbyshire. 01-636-0974 14 CV giV VOA RA ONVSantt, 51 Landsduvme Road, Lon-dinn Wll o CBC Bank, 49 Berkely Street, Londo 11 hill SHORT D., 108 Lenten Boulevard, Nottingham. 61C ' TINKER Mark, School of Architecture, Scroope Terrace, Trumpington Street,' fraw c)-Livi 75 40. sawX✓ 41//k-470142t)-4 ,:2681.66N uitel-iiemirrtrlT97gzm 5 thAVIM Cambridge. 2,t ULLATHORNE P, 47 Claudia Place, London SW19 WREN Elaine, 26 Bourne Road, Bromley, Kent. 01-464-8666 --ffer,4 Irv/ 9 dua - Dot_upyl Ftrows. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource ARC Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived JA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Nov-75 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/294ab119a1b6c38ec8080a3be22a100e.pdf d61a52c560d42596917a96f50a1e2f99 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harrogate Founding Congress Subject The topic of the resource The Harrogate Congress was the founding of NAM. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 21-23 November 1975 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A National Design Service Doc 1 Subject The topic of the resource Paper presented by John Murray to the first NAM Congress at Harrogate 21-23 November 1975 as requested by Brian Anson Description An account of the resource 1.0 Introduction A NATIONAL DESIGN SERVICE Paper No 2. May 1976 At the Harrogate Conference last November we called for a National Design Service which would meet the right of everyone to exercise control over the buildings which surround them and in which they live and work. This is a right denied in part or in total to most people in this country. We saw that the present system of patronage is such that 80% of the population have no real control over what is built, where it is built, and who uses it. They must adapt to an environment which is imposed upon them, at best through a system of spurious choices, and usually not even that. Architectsworking arrangements are similarly affected. Larger and thus fewer practices are required to handle the big jobs. At present 36% of medium and large private practices carry out 81% of the work. These same offices employ 82% of increasingly frustrated salaried architects. The bigger the jobs, the greater the profit, so it is not surprising that the principal dominated RIBA, while commisera- ting on the ‘crisis’ in architecture, looks everywhere for the answer except towards the real cause - a system of public and private patronage, inwhichinitial access and subsequent control is severely limited. The remedy for this will not be architectural. It will only be achieved when society's values change. Within the present economic system it appears to us that it is only through the state that the majority of people can gainetheir. right= ful access to the resources necessary to have control over their environment. In our opinion therefore, the existing service provided by local government offices, provides, albeit in a very limited and unsatis- factory manner, the basis of a national design service. We recog- nise that to achieve our aim, the present power structures must be radically changed. Nevertheless we shall press for a freely avail- able national design service in the form of decentralised local government offices, coupled to local accountability and control. The patrons, a minority of rich and powerful organisations and indi- viduals effectively control the direction of architecture. The design and type of buildings reflect their structure and values. The tendency for these organisations to grow larger by incorporating smaller and weaker ones, results in fewer and fewer patrons commi= ssioning bigger and bigger buildings. The purpose of this paper is to examine the present processes at work in each case of current architectural patronage and to try to draw out factors which will help to clarify both the kind of service which would be désirable and the means by which that might be achieved. 2.0 SYMPTOMS AND CAUSES 2.1 Curing symptoms From school of architecture onwards architects are conditioned to accept the context in which they work, and to look for the solu-. tions to the problems of architecture in the symptons of the malaise. After all, anything more searching would involve questioning the status quo. So the architectural establishment, the schools, the RIBA and the magazines have elevated physical form to the position where it is widely accepted that bad design is at the root of all architecture problems. The contention is, of course, that universal good design would solve everything. This preoccupation with form has led us to view in their time, structural expression, modular coordination, prefabrication, rationalised traditional and so on, as the panacea for all ills. Now energy conservation is being dressed up for this exacting role. To all of these we are.told, must be added the ingredient of creati- vity. Improving the ideas of others is not accepted as valid in this concept -— even though we know that the various elements jn the Parthenon had been around for centuries before the architect put them together ina particular way. He wasn't asked to invent them. Creation has come to mean innovation — and in a substantial way and from scratch. But to innovate is to experiment with the people who will use our buildings. As we do not know who these people are, there is a tendency for the large buildings created for their use to be anonymous also. This is where innovation comes in, where we use a variety of devices to add visual interest. The result is always false and frequently foolish as well. In this respect schemes like Park- hill in Sheffield are at least a more honourable expression of the brief than those produced by people like Darbourne and Darke who, to the delight of the magazines, attempt to conceal the monolithic -nature of the brief by the use of complicated and arbitary forms. The latest "answer" as per participation in Bykker, looks suspi- ciously like yet another attempt to fool the working class. Without the demand and feedback from the users, all designs are carried out in a vacuum, and it is naive to look for a new archi- 3.0 LAND tecture in the means of construction and form, while ignoring the basic issue of patronage. ‘The designs which we create reflect precisely the values and aspira- tions of the patron and John Berger has described how this has been true - with one or two exceptions —- of art throughout history. We believe that there will only be a new architecture when the patronage base is radically extended to enable the majority of people to control the design of their environment. 2.2 Examining the Causes Money and land are necessary prerequisites of architectural patron- age, but the ability to raise and control finance is the key aspect and the basis of all patronage, for it enables the patron to gain control over land. Clearly in our society, only the state and a minority of private organisations and individuals can hope to be in this position, and the distribution is 40% by value private and 60% by value public architectural patronage. We should have a clear understanding of the present system, if we are to discover where advances can be made towards‘a more equitable distribution of patronage in the short term, and a complete redis-— tribution in the long term. The next three sections discuss briefly the role of land ownership, the link between control of resources and control of architecture, and the resulting effect on design, architectural practice and the relationships between user and architect. The last official comprehensive register of all land holdings in this’country was produced in 1874. Today there is no official register of private land holdings and all attempts to create one have been systematically blocked in Parliament. From this we can perhaps deduce that the majority of land is in private ownership. While we do not know-the average division of land between private and public ownership, we do know that in working class communities the proportion of publicly owned land is very high; as high as 80% for example, in-parts of the East End of London. Although the ownership of land is a necessary prerequisite of archi- tectural patronage clearly the converse is not true, as most owner occupiers have no direct contact or control over architects services. Land takes its value not only from its present use but also from its potential use, and it is at its most expensive under the pressure of competing useS5 as in city centres. The use to which the land is put is dictated by the profitability of the use; hence prime sites are taken by those activities which yield the highest profits. Although the free market in land is tempered somewhat nowadays by the local planning authority, this intervention in itself results in changes in land values. Because private profit is the motive underlying the free market in land, working people cannot penetrate this market far less control it, except through the medium of the state. But the inadequacies of public finance quite often results in cheap and unsuitable sites being bought for public use, and the need to optimise even this, leads to gross over:use. High densities are therefore accepted as the norm for public housing, giving rise to balcony access and other manifestations virtually unknown in the private sector. Under the present system of land ownership this is unlikely.to change. 4.0 PRIVATE PATRONAGE The building sector financed by private patronage falls into three broad sectors — Industrial, Commercial and private housing. This work accounts for around 63% by value of all commissions undertaken by private practice. h.|) The Patrons The major patrons are those companies and individuals who control these sectors. Financial institutions now own controlling. share- holdings in British companies and through their executives and directors dictate the patterns of investment throughout the economy. These are the main private patrons of architecture, and although private individuals exercise patronage, the value is minute in comparison. 4.2 Reasons for Patronage 4.3 Affect on Architecture The architecture will reflect the directness of the relationship between profit and the building. So if the activity yields the profit, as in industry say, then the building is required merely to house the activity, and little in the way of cosmetics are applied beyond that which is necessary to satisfy the Health and Safety at Work Act and the Planning Officer. 4.4 User Control of Design? Capital in any company is accumulated by profit. On the basis of its profitability, shares in it are also bought through the money market, which together finance further development with a view to creating further profit. The money market determines into which sectors resources should flow to gain the greatest return. On the other hand, speculative housing and office development, are in themselves the means of achieving profit. Sufficient money wil] therefore be directed into the appearance, commensurate always with the market for which it is aimed. Where it is more profitable, the patrons will elect to build their own offices, which will fulfil the dual function of housing their activities and presenting the required public image. The Commer-— cial Union Building is therefore designed to create an aura of prestige, restrained good taste, wealth and stability, while con- cealing the rather squalid nature of its source of wealth. It ful- fils this function admirably. Real user control over the design is achieved when the architect is designing private villas for the directors. In other instances those same directors and executives wi 1] certainly control the design process of a new office or factory but they will almost invariably be absentee clients. Where they are not they will be well insulated from reality in the penthouse, surrounded by solar reflecting glass and Barcelona.chairs. Money will therefore only be put into buildings in the first place if that is, or will lead to, the most profitable way of using the money. The type of development, whether industrial, commercial or private housing will be chosen according to the same logic. The workers on the shop floor or in the offices, on the other hand, are still unable to control the design of their environment, (although it is in the interests of the more enlightened manage- ments to indulge in participation) even although that design, as in the case of open plan offices, is a direct function of decisions to change working methods to increase productivity. There is no element of user control in speculative housing either. 62% of this market is designed by private practice but architects and users never meet. Although people who are able to buy into this market gain a certain amount of control through choice, the choice is initially limited by income and location, and further limited in terms of accommodation and design. . These have more to do with the developer's profit margins than the buyer's real needs. But the relationship between house prices and earnings is so organ- ised as to exclude half the population and in some working class areas, over three quarters. Ina free market house prices wil] always be out of reach of the majority of the working class. Any- one who doubts this should consider what £60 per week buys in the London housing market and remember that many people earn a lot less than this. 4.5 Public Accountability? The executives who control the building design are responsible only to their shareholders. Their job is to ensure maximum return on investment. The public good does not feature in this equation - nor can it. The people affected by private buildings have no control over the developer's actions other than indirectly through Planning Control. Even where the Planning Officers. do profess to have some regard for the ethic of public service, they will be in conflict with, and wil] often be overridden by the local political requirement for rate income. The argument is that the interests of the public as a whole takes precedence over the interests of a few local people, no matter how disastrous the effect on their lives may be.. Planning Control has failed too often in these situations in the past for us to have any confidence in its ability to safeguard the public interest. Private practice in turn is not accountable to the community affected by its designs. Not only is the partners' liability to the client, but the practice is also dependent on the client finan- cially. Not surprisingly therefore, private practice rarely opposes the client's demands. 4.6 Conclusion. Control over design cannot be separated from control over resources. In the private sector these resources are controlled by a minority - formerly rich individuals, now the representatives of giant instit— utions. The Private patron of architecture adopts this role solely to create more wealth, and is not accountable in any meaningful way to the people affected by his buildings. -Simi larly, Private prac- tice is in business to service these interests. Under a system of private patronage the needs of working people will be in conflict with the dictates of the client. Profit sharing and cooperative working arrangements may increase the material well being of the salaried architect but they will not altar this basic fact. 5.0 PUBLIC PATRONAGE: Public patronage of architecture comes through the central state, the nationalised industries, but in the main through local authori- ties. Jt accounts for all the work produced by public sector architects, and 37% of work by value of private practice. In total the state is responsible for 60% of the Building industry's annual turnover. 5.1 Reasons for State Patronage. It has often been argued before that the state fulfils two basic functions. The first is to try to promote or maintain the condi- tions in which economic growth is both possible and profitable for ‘the private sector. Secondly the state trys to maintain and pro- mote the conditions for social harmony, and make the existing social order seem acceptable. Both factors are at work when the state finances building. On the one hand, the state must intervene in the arena previously described, to provide enough housing, hospitals and schools to prevent the population from becoming restless. On the other hand, a well housed, healthy and reasonably educated working class are necessary if economic growth is to be achieved and sustained. The main, organ of this system of control is the local Authority. 5.2 Local Authority Finance: The largest part of local Authority finance is in the form of central government grants. A much smaller proportion comes from rates. The services provided from these funds, constitutes the return we. get on taxes and rates paid by us the public. Pressure to hold down rates and taxes results in a short fall of finance, and local authorities are forced to resort to the private money market to make up the difference. This is a very lucrative business for the private money lenders, to the extent that 1/3 of the housing expenditures of an Inner London Borough goes into paying back interest to the finance companies. 5.3 Control over Resources The directness of the flow of resources to the state is in inverse proportion to the extent to which the public are able to control, or even understand the mechanism for producing what we have paid for, local authorities are the local arm of the central state, and are obliged by law to carry out central policies, whether or not local politicians believe that these are in the interests of their constituents. All public resources are therefore controlled from the centre through grants, approvals and regulating machinery such as cost allowances and Housing Yardsticks. 5.4 User Control of Design? Control of architectural patronage at local authority level is exercised by the relevant spending committee, a large part of that power being wielded by the committee Chairman. The committee Chairmen are serviced by their departmental chief officer whose advice is backed up by arguments prepared bya large team of specialists. In the face of this formidable array it is little wonder that the full council can do little more than rubber stamp committee decisions, and that even ward councillors are unable to play an active role in controlling services to the people they represent, let alone the users themselves. Except, for example, where a head teacher is involved in the design of a replacement school, there are few other opportunities for the user to gain control over the design. It is a system in which a certain product is demanded of individual architects in return for continued employ ment. The product is imposed or "sold" to local groups by a poli- tical leadership which has no doubt as to where "participation" begins and ends. Whatever the source, the public pays it eventually, either through increased taxes, rates and charges, or by the reduction in services for which we thought we had already paid — witness the present expenditure cuts. 5.5 Design We are only too familiar with the effect which scarce, minimum re- sources and the lack of user control has on the buildings. Whi le there is just not enough money, the design decisions which have to be made by the architect in the absence of user instructions, un=- doubtedly.mean that what money there is will often be allocated wrongly. 5.6 Public Accountability of the Architect? The local authority departments - education, housing, social services, architecture etc. are concerned with the provision of city wide services and by and large they treat the city as a whole. Sectional interests, whether of wards or of classes of people are generally subordinated to those of the. general population. 5.7 Conclusion. . Centralised offices follow naturally from this city wide view, the departmental chief officers are accountable to the Counci| via the Chairman of the relevant committee, and a hierarchal pyramidal structure must follow. The individual job architect who actually produces the work is responsible to the Chief Officer through a series of steps in the hierachy. The chain of accountability of job architect to user is through: group architect, principal architect, Chief architect, spending department chief officer, committee chairman, committee, ward councillor, User. Seven steps between architect and user. Those steps are so immovable and con= cerned with prestige,screening and face saving operations that in practice the local authority jobs architect is not accountable to the user at all. The changes which are necessary to convert this monolithic structure into a freely available and locally controlled National Design Service are substantial indeed. However, in setting out the ills and authoritarian practice of government structures it is important not to lose sight of the more fundamental fact that these structures directly or. through grants supply the resources, and buy the land necessary to meet basic — social requirements. It is not possible for people to demand control over the design of buildings if there are no resources to build them. The relevance of public resources to the question of control is seen most clearly in housing. In old working class communities up and down the country there are millions of people living in clearance areas in which badly built spec housing of the last century has rotted for decades. Housing which needs redeve=~ lopment not rehabilitation. The long-term cuts in public spending in order to make good the lack of private investment in the economy mean that people in these areas are faced with the fact that re= sources for new homes is not to be made available. These areas have become marginal, peripheral and in the end expendable. Patched up rehab. is what people will be offered alongside increasingly under maintained existing counci|] developments. 6.0 ALTERNATIVES The third area of patronage is interesting in terms of the poten- tial for raising expectations of what can be possible in the way of alternative practice. 6.1 Source of Finance: In the private sector it includes grants from developers like Wates to Assist or the Ealing project andtrust funds of one kind or another to enable the provision of special buildings and services. Such sources of finance usually ultimately rest upon less than respectable activities and hence the importance of philanthropic gestures to buy an honest and respectable image. This is not an argument against pursuing such funds; merely a reminder that such grants are only renewable insofar as they fulfil this hidden motive. They usually dry up when they fail to do so. 6.2 Control of Finance: The source of finance is provided throughadiverse range of public and private grants which to varying degrees cover land, design and development costs. Grants from public sources include H.A.A.'s, GIA's, Housing Associations via the Housing Corporation and possibly Urban Aid in resourcing community design services. But once secured they often create considerable discretionary power over handling such resources, within the overall terms of the grant. This power is expressed in the growth of resident=controleld housing associations which employ technical services on their own terms. This is by no means general. Local Authority controlled H.A.A.'s usually strictly limit the role of residents and on the other hand many Housing. Associations are merely private practices masquerading in disguise. Control of their activities by local residents. is not on their agenda either. Lfwebelievethatcompetenceandqualityareintegrallytied-up with who controls the process, then it should also give rise to designs which are welcomed and liked. 6.3 User Control and Local Accountability: But because of the facility for innovation there is scope for change in the traditional pattern of patronage. It is possible for the resident organisation which controls and manages the resources to be both client and user.. In employing the services of an architect there is no ambiguity about accountability. Where resources are controlled via the 'professionals' a serious attempt to place such structures in aposition of accountability to a locally controlled Management Committee can be innovatory. However a major drawback is the same as that which arises when work is done on a voluntary basis. Real power rests on being able to change your designer if you don't like them. Limited access to alternative source of such skills distorts the relationship on either side. 6.4 Practice Structures: The further by-product which ‘alternative projects' can create is in the office structure. Hierarchal power structures normal to private and public offices can be replaced by collective authority:| and cooperative working relationships. A further choice is to work for a reasonable salary turning the excess fees over to the public interest, rather than merely extending the sharing of excess profits. C ONC LUS |ONS This summary of the three ways in which architectural patronage is exercised provides the foundation for a more realistic discussion of what strategies can be employed to begin to lay the basis for a national design service within the real control of ordinary working people. — Local Authority Services Local] Authorities are clearly, centrally important as the main structure through which people can exert demands and gain the necessary access to land and resources created by taxation and rates, They are also equally important structures of authoritarian social control which cannot afford and have no intention of giving © away power to the grassroots. In principle, local authorities are structures which cannot be radically changed in our present society —- of that we should have no illusions. However, as the lowest tier of government they are not only necessary from above but are also susceptible to the threats of vigorous pressure from below. In our view we must campaign to support the demands of those local groups, who represent the interests of future users, and who cal] for a direct relationship of control over local authority architects delegated to design peoples future homes etc. - control which “extends to rejection of unsatisfactory proposals. Such a demand will inevitably be strongly opposed and in NAM we need a strategy which can help sympathetic architects to organise inside local authorities, to demand direct accountability to users and the creation of small locally based offices. To protect individuals, we need to secure the support of public service unions and UCCAT for the principle of this demand. Alternative Initiatives: No-one who has worked in a local authority can listen to talk of changing Local Authorities without asinking heart! This leads on to the second conclusion, which is that one of the best ways to raise expectations of what people's real rights over design are, is to increase the number and range of alternative short-term initia- tives. Where they are successful in winning public support they can be used as practical examples to pressurize local: councils into incorpora- -ting changes. More widely, we must never ignore the basic fact that small scale alternatives are based on the limited sponsorship of private or public sources of finance which can usually only meet the demands of a small number of specific groups of people. But they can offer the means to work and demonstrate how local groups and neighbourhoods can effectively extend control over decisions and resources effecting peoples lives. Local design centres which place themselves in a formal relationship of accountability to the community have a contribution to make in this process. We need a strategy for pursuing sponsorship of such initiatives. These two major conclusions and the way they should be carried forward are suggested as the basis of discussion. What does this imply in terms of a national design service? Local Authorities already control.a national structure of public sector architects. Do we wish to or change this existing structure or provide a parallel service? Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John Murray Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Murray Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Nov 1975 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/9e1c1988c729762d0725caa8e5c0ee5e.pdf 302d5ca281ae84e16fdccda4fbe424af Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Brian Anson/ARC pre and post Harrogate Subject The topic of the resource Various documents describing ARC ideas and activities See below Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource ARC Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975-1976 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource ARC/NAM Subject The topic of the resource Trailer for forming NAM written by ARC (2 sides) Description An account of the resource A NEW ARCHITECTURE MOVEMENT The Architects Revolutionary Council understands the need for a new architecture move- ment, and is glad to instigate it. ARC has no intention of becoming a mass movement itself. eae The new architecture movement will. be seriously coneerned with the social responsibil- ityofarchiteancdttsheframeworkinwhicharchitectureispractised. ARChopesto bringa moral and social consciencieto the. architectural profession, —It. hopes to end architecturaes anelitist profession and directly relate architectsto those who need them the mosthe'p—eop-le. e pa - oe TM a Below are just some af the reasons for forming a new architecture movement:- 1. To create a.situation where architects work for the real clients, the users. “This can only be achieved if the users become the. clientt with the control of the capital “for projects. Decentralisation of power and increased democracy are essential concepts of this direction and architects should play an active role in obtaining them. But as individuals, architects have no power, because they are controlled by the providers. of the resources for projects, When architects combine they have only limited power which is quickly shatterebdy the non-esséntiality of their position in society, Thus archi- tects have to gain public support for ‘socialising their task, to be able to exert any worthwhile pressure, With this:in mind, anew movement could aim at putting architects talents at thédisposaolf the public and because this idea is truly in:‘the interests: ée To make architectural services available to all: sectors of society. At present the architectural profession works for just two areas of society, firstly the rich minority and ‘the powers of industry, ¢ommerce and finance: secondly, for local or national government bureaucracies, ‘distant from the public they vainly try to serve.: The majority of the, population has:never had access to the architectural profession and so have been restricted in improving the quality of their environment. The self help attitcaundoenly help afewpeople, while:an architectural service could help ; those without the time or resources of their om. The national health service was not’ TM created by doctors orpatientosn their own, but only came about when enough pressure was brought on the government to.create it... Similarly, neither architects nor the publicontheirowncancreatean-architecsteruvircea’lth.ateffectivelydealswith all the ills of our: present enyironment. A new architecture movement will have to be responsible for’ taking action with the government, eS 3. So that peopie may control their environment. At the moment people have insuffi- cient control of their environment in terms of planning and the use of resources, The Green Paper on Neighbourhood Councils now passing through Parliament gives only limited participation to the people and by its lack of power reduces these Councils to purely - advisory bodies easily over-ruled. Action must be taken with the government to give real power to the Neighbourhood Councils. : a of the public it is capable of mobilising public support. 4. The environmental professions should be subjecto the democratic control of the public. In 1938 the Architects Registration Act came into being, due to the pressure from the RIBA to create atlegal closed shop for the profession, while the Government's responsibility for'‘the public was sufficed by protecting them from sham architects, In today's society of worker control, user democracy and public accountability, the Architects Registration Council of the United Kingdom is obviously unacceptable. ARCUK must be reconstituted by Parliament to ensure that the public has adequate con- trol of the architectural profession, 5« Architectural education should be controlled by a body equally representative of the public, the profession, the teachers and the students. At present architectural education is controlled by the RIBA, a private club, through its Board of Hiucation, which has powers of recognition. Thus the public pays for an architectural education over which it has no control, to produce architects over which it has no control, to create bad environments it can do nothing about. A reconstituted ARCUK could operate a new democratic Board of Architectural Education, 7.TheRIBAisnotaGroenessiveodyre biefaistriedto-createchange within the arch: Sectural pr: féssion through RIBA is glad to absorb prog: essive ideas and people, in an attempt to‘portray an out; ward looking front;; but in reality to smother: ‘people and thei? ideas in tedious tees and length: red tape. The result: being: to sO impotent aS ~o be harmless to the con tinuarice architecture movement must .ot be a stagnant: tedious body, but vital, ‘flexible and ever RORPPRRENS 30. the chan» ing needs: and ideals of progressivé’ ‘people. The first. Fine tine had oeite the need the great inadecuacies of the RIBA,. Pogether |Shey ‘reveal ‘somie of the ote behind forming a new architecture novement. gm nabs ‘Onceanewarch:secturemovment.hasgaindda*Romthiebdieihein~apaiutecbarad arena, it can begin to gain ‘the Support, of|the,“public in. accomplishing its objectives, The finest: stage xhLong. this’ ¥dad. will be, to." found ay‘movement at a. mation conference “ye ro all, intereste, apartiess.< oh ARC hopes that iis résponsi® le role . Jaiaiei s is nde in ‘|foree anything’ben enyhase:-we melee baeay onitaoian,and ee weabhor “dogmatism. ° We-would. be grat >ful’ for. as — a2: help as the RIBA, most ‘have totally. failed. The commits tire people out and*make their ideas of: the RIBA'ts status quo. Anew ° for, Government. action, while the last two show we are. noetibhe ‘in’ tig, and: are not asking for hélp, CONFERENCE TORMING A NEW. AROHTTEOTURE MOVEMENT 78s FRIDAY NC) 21st 3pm“to SUNDAY.“Ov cae Same pele _TARROGCADE. 7Pait lew3 eee tes becainad to 6. So that the RIBA's preicnce at speaking as the "voice of architecture" ends, The RIBA is effectively control'.ed by a small group of principal architects, and its "voice" is stroigly in line with their own minority interests. Most of the group belong to the Association oc Consultant Architects, a private practice organisation. Evidence for this is the RI7A's determination to save the fixed fee scale - now under attack by the Mcnopolies Comission: their lack of interest in the dangers exposed by the Summerland Fire and the use of high-alumina cement: their reluctance to expose in- competantandcorruptarchivects.<Anew eee.movementmust.Ceeforall.that is socially responsible in eee See! 35F to get as many -Foople’ as possible to the conference, to make contzibutions, to help withtheconferecemesheseenoeeeceecnestomakeSimoisesumeoeeeeete : ehact : Bogking and ’info: nation fro! od desc a RE ae: ae NAM, 10. Borey, Street, “Lendon w, * 041-636-0798 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource ARC Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Allan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Undated c Nov 1975 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/935fa2927971d923a9c3656a23db8a3b.pdf 923082f9492a00ab635376f58a90b96b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Miscellaneous Subject The topic of the resource Miscellaneous issues Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976-1980 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Cardiff Seminar Subject The topic of the resource Notes for the seminar (3 pp total) Description An account of the resource ) NEWARCHI TEC TUREMOVEMENT NEWARCHITECTUREMOVEMENTNEWARCHLTECTUREMOVEMEN TVEWARCH |TECTUREMOVEMENTNEWA rotates annually. group members. In Cardiff the group is doing the following: / CHRDINESenn To #11 Those Conccernet To See A Democratic Environment - Have you heard of N.A.M.? 4 (1) Holding extensive discussions as to its purpose, the purpose of architecture, life etcecsccccce The New Architecture Movement exists to further the possibility for a genuinely democratic architecture, an architecture that will be from; for and by the people and is constituted to act both as a voice for change in the profession and as a platform for action in the fields of architecture, building and planning. It is a national body made up of federated groups in central and northern London, Birmingham and Cardiff. The current liasing group is in London but groups are autonomous and the task of liasing The Cardiff eroup meets fortnightly, if possible, and about half- a-dozen people usually attend with the the numbers increasing to over a dozen on specific projects. It is organised without heirarchy, with the responsibility of chairperson and convenor rotated amongst (2) Working with local pressure groups to oppose the Cardiff Central Area Redevelpoment - still a debacle after the collapse of Centreplan. (3) Sponsoring a proposal to the Manpower Services Commission under the Job Creation Programme to establish a project which would provide an environmental design service for community groups and an advice service toindividuals and ‘community groups. -It ie hoped that this pboject will commence in October or November of this year. (1) Providing delegates for a N.A.M. conference in November (26th. - 28th.) and producing papers on aesthetics and professionalism to be discussed at the conference and used with marerial from other N.A.M. groups on education, unionisation, private and local authority practises, as a basis for the production of a document to be published and publicised in succeeding weeks. (5) Participating in a 5th year students of architecture one- day symposium, "Architectural Education and Practise: Is There a Future?" this month.to be followed that same evening by a special N.A.M. Event intended to communicate the aims of N.A.M. to professionals and students in the environmental field. SEDSLENEANANPANE SRE REESE HE °ee REYRVR RRYY BR TIRES takes place at the Chapter Arts Centre, Market Road, Canton, Cardiff and begins at 7.30.pem.e on Friday ist. October. Those who come may expect to find the following: (1) Refreshments (Capter have a bar) (2) Repres entation by the N.A.M. Central London group who will describe their experience and views on such diverse topics as the Monopolies Commission Report on the R.I.B.A., their office survey, The National Design Service and Unionisation. (3) Peter Carter of the 'Green Ban' movement, who will discuss the 'Green Bans' and put forth his view of how hw sees the role of N.A.M. in such action, We hope there will be much informal discussion. You are invited to attend this Event. FRE RRREBRRR AE HEAR EAR ERO uaerarer ary TORIES HEEESUeKS (4) Anne Delaney from the Cardiff group who will elucidate upon the structure of the New Architecture Movement, NAM. Cardiff/SB, RAC, PFD/27.10.76 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource NAM Cardiff Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Allan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 27.10.76 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/43815ac6706fece98f3aba9a34a85e32.pdf 37d46aac6d215c078191880aa7653731 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Liaison Group Including London Group Subject The topic of the resource Liaison Groups: NAM was initially structured as local groups. There was also a Liaison Group whose role was to coordinate the different groups, deal with correspondence and arrange the next annual conference. NAM campaign groups, which were largely autonomous, worked across local groups to develop their ideas. They arranged their own conferences and reported through SLATE and annually to the NAM Congress. The seven different campaign groups listed had members from a variety of local groups. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Various Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976-1979 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource NAM Subject The topic of the resource New Architecture Movement 1 page summary introduction Description An account of the resource Information NEW ARCHITECTURE MOVEMENT This sheet gives basic information about The New Architecture liovement. If you wish to join N.A.M. or obtain copies of further N.A.M. literature please write to The Secretary, NAM Liason Group, 143 Whitfield Street, London, W.1l. ORIGINS N.A.M. was officially founded in November 1975 at the Harrogate National Congress, although several of the constituent members and ideas had been assembled up to two years previously. This Congress achieved a consensus on the essential direction and structure of the movement which was issued as a Press Statement. A Contact List was started, several local groups were established, and a Liason Group was delegated to maintain and extend contacts and to organize the next Congress. AI N.A.M. is working through the collective action of architects and others to alter radically the system of patronage in archi- tecture. We wish to reform the existing power structure in architecture, dominated by corporate or wealthy clients and principals (public or private), with direct relationships between users and designers. The aim is thereby to restore effective control by ordinary people over their environment, and real social responsibility and accountability in the work of architects. Programmes for action are formulated from detailed MEMBERSHIP fembers are drawn from all areas of architectural activity in critiques of the current situation and its background. addition to the lay public. In the former category salaried architects in private practice from the majority, though Local Authority officers, teachers and students are also a substantial element. The contact list is growing rapidly. STRUCTURE The Movement's structure, which was established at Harrogate, is a network not a pyramid. It thus consists mainly of locally based groups of up to about a dozen members, who are kept in touch by a small Liason Group. There is no hierarchy, each group pursuing its defined tasks in furtherance of the overall aim. The object is to avoid bureaucracy or celebrities and the Liason Group's role is therefore basically administrative : circulating documents from other groups, making new contacts and arranging the National Congress, when Liason Group members may be redelegated. Local Groups are now working in various parts of the country, and if you wish to become involved the Liason Group will introduce you to the FINANCE PREMISES LITERATURE to act as postman for the group. in the HNovement. up to date by The Liason Group. 5 nearest group or alternatively help you to establish a new group. No enrolment fee as such is asked for, membership being based on agreement with and involvement in pursuing the Movement's aim. Individual groups are for the most Contributions are however payable at conferences, and for specific items such as some of the larger reports etc. These funds are caged in the N.A.M. account, for which three Liason Group members are signatories. Application for grants is currently in hand. The Liason Group operates from 143, Whitfield Street, London, W.1., to which all initial enquiries should be addressed. The local groups make their own arrangements, the normal practice being to meet at the residence of each of the members in turn, the host member acting as chairperson for their meeting. One member agrees part self-financing. REPRESENTATION The Movement's overall aims are refined and endorsed at national Other N.A.M. documents recently produced, all of which are available on request, include: "NAM — Historical Perspective", NAM — Brochure, "A National Design Service", "Ihe Case Against Mandatory Minimum Fees" — the report of NAM to the Monopolies Commission (elds "a Short History of the Architectural Profession" (10p). A complete list of all NAM documents, press cuttings etc. is kept and local conferences, which have received fair coverage in the architectural and technical press. Local groups and individual members are free to present their own work or to propose changes Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Liaison Group Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Allan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Undated https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/6988e32636d82fb89c2a26a9a00726d5.pdf 4e7f61aa8b165c72a1833c7f93dc5a9e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Later NAM Congresses, 2-5 Subject The topic of the resource A further 5 NAM Congresses after the initial Harrogate Congress in 1975, plus other documents Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976-1980 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 3rd Annual Congress Hull Subject The topic of the resource 1977 Congress Application Notice of 3rd Annual Congress (1 page, A5) Description An account of the resource NAM 1977CONGRESS APPLICATION The 3rd annual congress of the New Architecture Movement will be, taking place on the weekend of the 25th,26th and 27th november 1977,This years event will be the 3rd NAM congresa:following the inaugural congress at Harrogate” in 1975,and. Blackpool in 1976.The hosts for this year are the Hull group of NAM in School of Architecture. The congress of '77 concludes a year of'action'during which NAM has emerged as a force world.Much of this'action'has stemed from the researches and and discussions carried out by NAM groups during 1976 which were aired and refined at the Blackpool congress. These *actions'include the following, NAM's May Unionisation Conference within which to organise architectural workers. NAM's Unionisation groups’ report'Working for What'. NAM's presence in ARCUK representing the unattached Salaried architect. NAM's newspaper 'Slate' the only radical paper for architectural workers. conjunction with the Hull : within the architectural which chose T.A.8.S. These public expressions of NAM as well as the less publicised ones are the issues around which NAM groups” form to work on,The groups which have issues clarified enough to present a working paper use the congress workshops to enlarge the discussion and to put forward motions for the congress to adopt. Workshops so far proposed for this years congress cover; EDUCATION NATIONAL DESIGN SERVICE ,UNIONISATION, ARCUK, WOMEN IN ARCHITECTURE}SLATE!CONSTITUTION, A fuller list of workshop options will be included in the final briefing package. The programme for the congress begins with registration at 7.30pm on friday 25th novenber followed by an introduction and discussion.A buffet will be provided. Saturday is bound up with congress workshops/general sessions and public forum/discussion in the late afternooa followed by a social eva ng,food,drink and chat. she NAM agm takes place on sunday morning with an alternative event which is a tour de Hull for those not directly involved in NAM, ‘Ine congress ends after lunch on sunday afternoon, The cost of the congress includes meals for the 3-days. A more detaile? rpogranme will be included in the final briefing. What is NAM,? The New Architecture Movement ("NAM") aims, through the col- lective action of architectural workers and other concerned people, to play an active role in radically altering the sys- tem of patronage and power in architecture. It seeks an archi- tectural practice directly accountable to all who use its pro- ducts and democratically controlled by the workers within it. NAM aims thereby to promote effective contol by ordinary people over their environment and by architectural workers over their working lives. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Liaison Group Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Allan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1977 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/a2eb8eb0f57c1f2667d1f289ed0b6a67.pdf 77d47bb6b926961bdbf9e451c14bfd13 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Brian Anson/ARC pre and post Harrogate Subject The topic of the resource Various documents describing ARC ideas and activities See below Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource ARC Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975-1976 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource AA Intermediate School Unit 1 Subject The topic of the resource Review of staff & projects AA Unit 1 in Percy Street: Unit Master Brian Anson (4pp) Description An account of the resource UnitStaff EISSSOOOO'S cc ccc AA Intermediate School REVIEWS Unit 1 1974/75 PHILOSOPHY The Unit came into existence in 1971 on Unit one in the Intermediate School is re- architecture is neither used as a weapon HISTORY In the name of architecture we proclaim theworldofpeople'sarchitecture. We cannot yet put right al that is injust in our social system under which archi- tecture exists, but we can determine that The members of Unit One have always beeninterestedintheirownprofession's “figure-head’ and its attitude towards those instigating social change. The Present members of the Unit's acceler- ating disgust for the institution that Purports to advance the course of architecture has manifested itself in ARC, To learn how to direct our art and create effective change within its application and performance we must understand PROJECTS The “Onshore Impact, Study and threattothelandscape,itseems,isafar Disasterbuilding more important issue than the threat to the social structure of an area, foronly capital city of Macedonia ed bird sanctuary) are certain proposals Central area and rendering thousands of would only be available to houses with a demolished and the land redeveloped in the context of a master plan. the wave of publicity over the Covent nowned for its rejection of conventional Garden campaign, an issue with which architectural theories and practice. Since Unit Master Brian Anson, was deeply in- it came into being four years ago it has volved following his dismissal from the when development threatens a stretch of Yugoslavia. In 1963 a serious earthquake picturesque coastline (or a long establish- hit the city, destroying a major part of the Pope Street fell on one of thearbitrary border lines drawn by the LA planning G.L.C."s Covent Garden planning team So, from the very start, the Unit was in- extricably linked with community and political action, This naturally led to a deep interest in the nature of particip- ation and a fundamental belief in the throughout England, Ireland, Scotland myth and prove it is a fraud in the guise Preferably confuse into assistance, ideaofaco-operativesociety. andWalestheUnitmembershaveattempt-ofarchitecture, Infactifthereisonemajorelementin edtorelatedirectlytotheordinary GEORGEMILLS,ARC the structure of the Unit's philosophy and people in their work, not to the powers one idea that has permeated its work over that pretend to represent them. It has thelastthreeyears,itisthisideaofwhat alwaysbeenfundamentaltotheprogress impact of recent oil discoveries in the ment, which is our base, the need for a new system of values based on co- operation is urgently needed. Through working with a community abused and ignored by these agencies, and Sbscurity isadvantageous. they are an obstacle in our desire to work +The Unit Master is sort of unusual? radical reassessment of role in — education — profession so the project was established w.thin the not, be based solely on a single resource AA in 1973 and has now been built into a or demand. Clearly this lesson has yet to be learned; and at sucha price, are,ofnecessity,takingaradicalreview of the very nature of the architect and his role in society alternativeapproach tosocialproblems. In general we are engaged in the conti- nuity process of constructing a meta- language in the untried, unknown, or jobsonthenewdevelopments exceptper- haps as cleaners or gate wardens? Most of traffic-free narrow streets of the old city, The Unit has always been interested in the more equitable distribution of know- ledgeandpowerwithinSocietyand Particularly in architecture. To our knowledge we are the only Unit Perhaps in Britain to use resources to employ local community people to funct- ion as teachers of the environment. Often they are the experts. The great American organiser Saul Alinsky said: We know why this is so. What is the point ofhavingskillsthatonlyaprivilegedfew Content MACRO FRAMEWORK So what is this vital issue? Most people knowa few distorted facts. Very few haveanyknowledgeofallofwhatis really going on, except for the oil developers themselves and those with the power and wealth, And they are not concerned with the damage to coastline OF community. Only in the light of the national crisis have some of the North Sea Oil issues been seen in any form of perspective, A sad reflection on the national press and mass media, which have misinterpreted, under-rated,andinsomecases,under- played the massive changes which face the people of Scotland. But only the dramatic issues, such as the massive tax loopholes,arereportedbelatedlyata national level, while the gradual social erosionoildevelopments,whichwill eventually directly affect thousands and indirectly affect the entire nation, grind ‘on inevitably. ThousandofacresofScotlandarenow directly controlled by London and U.S. based multinational companies, while newoptionsonhundredsmorearebeing takenupalmosteveryweek.Thereare sitesofstaggeringproportions;2,000 acres and more, twice the area of central London. All this has not occured merely in the last two or three years, as some believe; the footsgobacktenyearstowhen thefirst legislationpassedthroughparliament. During this time, the U.S. and U.K. commercial sector moved in quickly. Only now, when the first physical signs of development appeer, are there any signs of public alarm. ‘Yet the concern so far has been mainly for the physical beauty of the area, The continue within the AA for at least an- other year yet despite our modest successes the task ahead isstil monu- mental.Wehavereallyjustbegun. 500 houses. Unit One continues to advise the association and recently we have acquired a building within the area which isbeingconvertedintoayouthclubtoa Unit One student's design and specification We have also been able to gather money from various charitable sources for the association. At present we are working on @ scheme to rehabilitate the area in general and to put forward design options for the improvement of the dwellings. In conjunction with this we are looking at the redevelopment sites and putting for- ward designs for new housing to replace theold.Wearedoingthisinsuchaway as to allow the residents to control the financing and rate of building. We hope to do this by extending the residents’ “The University of Chicago spends hun- dreds of thousands of dollars on socio- logistsinordertofindthelocationof people.Occasionallythefruitionofits houses of prostitution when any taxi- beliefs and philosophy manifest them- driver could tell you that in five minutes,”” selves in a physical form. More often But we must practice what we preach for than not they can be found in the defence out of asituation, itself isaprocess of nature,trulyconceptualthoughtisintheacupuncture wecanhardlyspeakofcommunitiesand of working with them if we are incapable ofgeneratingacommunal spiritwithin our own ranks. ofpeople'slife-styleandculture,orinan attack on the system that makes us both creativelyimpotentandsociallyin- adequate. {any combination PopeStreetisanexampleofanurban associationintosomesortofco-operative area which suffers from the latter form housing association which could then ofexploitation.Thestreetconsistsof26 undertakeagradualrebuildingoftheir houses which were built towards the end area. By building on small vacant sites in of the last century. They were built as ‘the area we can rehouse enough of the minimal working class accommodation to existing community to then demolish serve the Mersey docks nearby. They and redevelop their houses. The important sufferfromthedeteriorationinthe pointisthattheresidentswillbeincon- building fabric brought about by a life of trol of the development rather than the are outside the dwelling in a small back- yard. Unit One's involvement dates from the decision of the local authority to at last turn its attention to the improvement of this area. It set about this task by dectar- ing part of the area a G.1.A., meaning that houses with a 12-point standard with the aid of a grant from the L.A. This grant ways been present in schools of architect- ure. Throughout its history, in project The people in their ignorance think that this is architecture. We must destroy this lobby to communities in Scotland. Parallel fishing based communities and so Scot- of the Unit to develop and maintain the invaluable links with our real clients, and to respect their life-style, customs and cultures. Fabric suggestions MICRO to the street to assess the situation and residents led to the forming of a residents’ association. co-operation means and how it can be achieved. Society isbeginning to realise, and the young have realised it for some time now, that the new world must be based on co-operation and one of the major struggles is against the 20th century cultofindividuals looking after Members get involved deeply in the rarely expounded to prospective unit — other tutor associations theirowninterestsalone, politicsofarchitectureandgovernment, hunters,asthestudent,actingonhearsay —other cli jati more than thirty years. Even if the Prefabricated dwellings, which as well as People of Scotland do ‘prosper’ (whether Causing servicing problems threatens The Unit is always wrongly accused of being totally political. It is true the resultant direction that the members of the Unit have external to AA they wish to or not) this means that before the next century is more than a few years old. Scotland will again face widespread economic depression, as it to encroach on to the limited agricultural land on which the city is still largely dependent for food. for the people who are worthy of our attention, The discovery that one’s skills are being prostituted to be a destructive, and accept the ‘condemnation’ hapilly. architectural design isvery frustrating. looking for and if I'm seen trying to find out... inadequacies likely to corrupt an induced information flow. erchitecture acquire a level of homo- geneity. Some of us redefine ~ architecture — society — neither The participation game (MYTH) —it's a game because, when completed, the symbols can all be forgotten, the tablecleared,andlifecanresume ‘Make the bastards participate or we'll a very wide ranging study of the history of the situation, the present and future implications, the effects these are having. Itwould be far easier, no doubt, to narrow the field of investigation, an academic might argue. But this is not an academic project in any sense of the word: it does not break off during the Easter vacation, nor does it end after the leave their work camps, and who pay no tax to this government. The wrench from the academic to the real world isahorrendous one for most archi- tecture students. The much cherished There’s a lot of assumptions made in any situation, Ifwe're uncertain about any- thing we assume the facts, conditions, and consequences. If life is so complex that we require to make assumptions then it is imperative that we have a substantial framework with/in which to construct, Since the work has started the political situation inScotland has developed con- fringe, they are a large enough group not siderably. This makes our continuing to be ignored even if only by throwing contribution more important than ever. the Housing 's mul We have continued to monitor the situa- Statistics into total confusion! tion and publicise our conclusions via TV can afford? What are the reasons behind the complete divorce of our cherished skills from ordinary people's desires? same position, and can only differentiate itself gradually, in accordance with the level of development, including that of the organ of thought.” (Marx) The analysis, the ideologies, the time scale,andthechange,needyourhands, By constructing a language (semantic, analytical or practical) you are set to communicate and to progress. Anyone who has stuck with the Unit or returned to it, will tell you that it is a hard ideological constructs. By professing an and demandind existence, but well worth ideology one necessitates a change in the struggle. The Unit has never set itself society. limitations or goals, it simply responds to “Since the process of thought itself grows understand nothing environmental injustice as iteffects public relations Many people cannot live up to the fundamental unit philosophy. But the A second year architectural student, if he hasanyqualityatal,mayhavethe Position of a professor in relation toa skilled dock worker in matters pertaining tothephysicalenvironment.Likewise group, thedockworkerifhehasbeeninvolved OurphilosophyisbasicallyrespondingtoMISANTHROPYmustbeaguidelineto inlocalcommunity actionisanenviron- mental specialist in relation to his own factory manager who may never have stopped to think about the environment. People,notmanipulatingthem,being creative with them, not destroying their way of life. viewingtherespectiveinstitutionsatti- tudes to those instigating social change. As bodies they should protect their members and advance their specific sub- jects. In what manner can a subject @dvance or members be protected to- Related to this work is the more academic research. This covers al aspects of hous- ing including rents, land values, labour, materials, etc. The information and pro- cessoftheworkisrecordedwithinthe Unit and will be communicated to the The embodiments of social/political mix peoplewhohavestayedthecoursehave intheformofspecificinterestgroupsin- found it incredibly rewarding in many different ways, both individually and as a cludes the professional institutions. ACCEPTANCE ISMAINTENANCE IS a hundred years with little maintenance L.A. whose redevelopment process would fromlandlords.Theyarelackingincertain requirethemassexodusofthecommun- basicfacilitiessuchasbathrooms, ity. efficientwatersupply,etc.EventheW.C. Architecture is a powerful weapon, we AndtherecanbenoquestionoftheUnit believeitshouldbeatthedisposalofthe getherwithanadvanceinsociety?The Successive generations have lived in these housesanddespitethesediscomforts, have consolidated amongst themselves a strongcommunityspiritandadeepsocial architecturalprofessionasapleafora Personal inter-relation: Masterbeingabovethegroup.Likeevery- majority,notadministeredbyfinancial, _situationchangesconstantly,wecannot alacttoachievethegreatesteffectand One else he must at times function as teacher, student and comrade. This type of work is difficult and it takes along time to achieve any meaningful results but we can attempt it daily in our work as a Unit together. multi-national and commercial interests, CONTROL change, nor should we wish who represent the privileged section of our to — but we can DIRECT change. change the direction in which architecture is moving. Are you going to assume — or are you going to assume? . Sure, we'll bite your head off, but we'll help you mould a new one. ANDY BURRELL, ARC more sensitive approach from the pro- fessionals. The students who have been involved in the project have been intro- duced to the reality of the implications of architectural decisions and have deve- loped a more responsible awareness of their potential for society. society. In the hands of the right people architecture could once again become a socially creative element, not an ugly, economic and brutal force aimed against the ordinary people of our society. _Institutional directors, not correctors, Production platform. against large sections of the people nor its potential value denied these people. Advisory Group” is essentially con- brought to public attention. homes uninhabitable. The aim of the Even the local residents of proposed de- Project was to look at the way immediate department, which meant that houses on FRAMEWORK The intrinsic and intricate philosophy (ies) internal group discussion, consultation and first became interested in the early stages of North Sea Oil development. Since that time, development has escalated at an incredible and alarming rate and their initial and personal interest has now been forced into ful time in- did after the coal mines were run down Skopje isacity of enormous contra- street had been built at the same time, More about something The association's aim was to fight the planners’ decision and itcommissioned Unit One to act as its environmental advisors. The houses on either side of the adopted and adapted over the years are — other college associations but the Paramount reason for this is and superficial ; assumes the If. through partici i .theywereprevent- andtheshipbuildingindustrydwindled dictions.Whilemanyyoungsterpeople wereequallystructurallysound,andhad ed from continuing the work in Scotland away. An economy cannot and should show obvious enthusiams for the new equal potential for improvement. In In the sphere of architecture end environ- because our skils and principles are unkown and convinces himself that international style city centre with its bright shopping centre and tall luxury flats, the cultures of the many different enthnic groups that make up the Mace- Scotland itself, the primary area of in- who are losing their homes, theirvillages, vestigation. The first task, therefore, was their way of life, how many will be given Pursue their own way of life in spite of discussions with the P.H.1. we confirmed that the houses were to be demolished merely asaplanning convenience interms of the redevelopment site. This meant that an existingcommunity would be destroyed, merely to give the L.A, architect a ‘choice’ site for his re- development. s#ggestions ‘The framework in which we combine and never get planning permission’. {Contemporary Times). You study the problems everyday — now here's how to overcome them: understand everything and all permutations regulate information and with which we analyse and compare situations are our _—‘To direct implies understanding a situation, pushing ahead constantly. _correct To is retrospective, wasteful and damaging. the forces, the complex manipulatory Paths, and the psychological disguises that we must inevitably counteract, or seas of northern Europe and the threat To explain the above we must look at the micro-frameworkinwhichweattemptto assimilate our ideologies in practical, educational and philosophical relation- ships. Ireland, Cornwall and Norway. The over- ment rates, faces the ultimate irony of Ten years later the city has almost rebuilt disastrous blow to the tight-knit commun- allaimbeingtoestablishanetworkof massivedevelopmentwhereitisneither itself,withmanymajorchanges,many ityofthestreetandsomeoftheresidents Emotive, alittle frightening, he doesn’t dress in a ‘representative’ manner (or does varied projects he), he has nothing to do with the first = sometimes interconnected year ‘lucky-dip instant exposure machine’, = sometimes rambled he hasn't won any architectural design application of principles derived from competitions, and he doesn’t write for any magazines, except perhaps the letters page — obviously sub-standard. I've heard about the unit though, nothing One of the obvious faults in our society is that many people who have talent in various subjects are prevented from using that talent and thus gaining from it, due to accident of birth, background and location. This isnot only injust but it limits the true development of intelligence skills and principles many of them up- and in fact eventually prevents the more hold throught their education, that they priviledged amongst us from getting the have defended vehemently on occasion, intellectural stimulus needed for our own are inconsequential when they start de- development. signingtoearnaliving.Therealworldofandthatwerelegateasfaraspossiblethethelastview. summerterm, andcertainjournals.Theworkwill nowrepresentsanareainwhichthereare Clientele, which by and large doesn't have Not creative force in society, is ahard one the economic power to emply them as conventional architects, the Unit members to accept. Because of the diligence of the Where will the money go to, who will it donian population are still very much in benefit? And what of the present un- evidence. Turks, Albanians, orthodox Unit's members in seeking out the source of our environmental problems, we are eccused of meddling, agitating and being too idealistic. Say that to ex or present members of the Unit and they will smile good, so Isuppose they can't be what I'm unsure areas where social and individual tosetUpaseriesofresearchprogrammes to act as a general educational backup. These were rounded off by a tour of the Scottish coastline affected by oil deve- lopment. The group is now committed to and other imigrant labour who never the authorities’ rather vain hope that — practice Work within the Unit began in May 1973. Some members of the group were un- familiar with the situation and also with employment? How many of the locals Macedonians and gypsies still doggedly — both We see ourselves, by necessity, adopting The success of these 26 families provided the g areas which suffered from similar problems. At present the Residents’ Association constitute — powerless bodies — semi-powerful bodies pregnant with committees —aconstitution blame inflation employanarchitect{thereof opt OUT OptiNn Opt Theaboveareyourtoolsforsuccess. The process you know well. However... AGITATE EDUCATE ORGANISE This is an indication of the process in which our ideologies are finding a plat- form. We judge the situations, the levels, thetimeandthemannerinwhichwecan Gypsywomanwithchild. Pope Street, Bootle cerned with the social/environmental One side of the street would stay for 30 years while people on the other side would be moved out of the area to new houses in snother part of the city. The speculated planners line was a velopments areas do not know what lies ahead for them, and their families. Most developments are proposed in rural or Studies are also being carried out in land, with its history of high unemploy- disaster problems were overcome, how People reacted under sudden unexpected disaster conditions, and how the city has rebuilt itself since the earthquake took place, posed by the powerful oil development needed nor desired, and the continuation groupsandindividualspreparedtofight ofadepressioninareaslikeClydeor broughtaboutbytheneedtocreatesafe against the exploitation of people and Dundee, where the development could resources wherever this may occur. greatly benefit the area, little time for overall planning consider- TheGrouphasitsoriginsatDundee, 1970, where a small number of students North Sea Oil is not expected to last for spread out city of low density, mostly asked Brian Anson who had been born andbroughtupinthestreettohelpthem. tight-knit group of about 6 students. the jobs at present are filled by Italians north of the river, indicate uninterrupted Pursuit of the old Turkish way of life and commerce. Thousands of gypsies con- tinue to inhabit ‘Skopje Field’ and al- though many have moved out to the more remote settlements on the town gradual re-education can be achieved. The At all times in the campaign the residents were treated insensitively by the L.A. who branded them as a ‘political’ pressure group. The residents gained the support of a local councillor, the press, and some local students and eventually, after 12 months, managed to get the planners’ decision reversed and the houses were saved and thus the community. in Southern constantly questioned and attacked The AIBA has usurped the power of acceptedmodesofarchitectureandtheir TMchitecture. relevancetosocietyandthisincludesa Thousandsofmenandwomenareunder fashionable escapist ideas that have al- itsspell. AgroupfromtheUnitvisitedSkopje,the 30vearlife.Alotherhouseswouldbe Permanent housing at a speed which leaves Some Unit One students went with him ations.Skopjehasbecomeanenormously theresultofourdiscussionswiththe esses the average male unemployment rate rises The specific projects that |have been up to over 30%. working on this year are as follows: In the last six years of violence, Derry has 1. The Cottages and Farmhouses for the lost over 200 shops, pubs and garages due Arts Council Exhibition. to bombing, many houses have been burnt and over 50 civilians have been shot 2. A continuous 24 hour study of Covent Parallel with the needs of the Partisan Army. by the military Garden the week before and the week after the fruit and vegetable market left the area. centralised Health Service was not for many reasons possible. But the evaluation of the partisan case gave us some under- standing of medical care as such. Paul Simons, 4th Year 74/75 |have been working with Brian Anson since Unit One was formed in 1971. My role as an active unit member has de- clined over the last two years as |have concentrated my work on studying British Vernacular Architecture. However a firm understanding of the past gives backing to arguments concerning today’s environment and the functioning of the recorded partisan camouflaged hospitals, chance to work directly with architects AA/Cincinnati exchange Covent Garden Ealing Derry Derry city in the North of Ireland has one architecture profession. Our experience of the highest unemployment rates in the from studying the past and being in- U_K.; currently it is 15% but hes been as volved with community orientated pro- high as 20% in recent years. But as most jects become closely related when think- care was an ad hoc system, which grew in of the city’s employment is for women, ing of planning for the future. The majority of the housing stock is old and in very poor condition, and only since 1970 has there been any attempt at providing new housing and clearance of shire. Material is being edited in order to For example: the existing slums Derry has been nominated aStrategic Development Area and within that plan great attention has been paid to re- development of the inner city area — | believe it was the wrong kind of attention With the military in virtual control of the city, | believe that they were able to in- fluence decisions about selec’ Se- molition, changes in design and layout etc publish a booklet to create interest in this watermill’s future, 4. A design scheme to incorporate the 14th century Guesten Hall roof that has been repaired at Avoncraft Museum of Buildings. 5. A design scheme for the restoration and presentation of a timber framed gem, Tyr-Mawr, discovered in the Montgomery shire hills near Welshpool. — Centralisated versus decentralised systems 6. The recording and dismantling of Nailors Row and the Barrack St areas were timber framed structures in Watford and —community hospitals — Self Health Centres. Alongside the complex institutionalised structure of the NHS, a new network of self-help is slowly emerging, e.g. the Self Health Centre in Islington. Our seminars were rather intensive because we al had some definite interests: Ken brought to our discussions comparisons between the NHS and the demolished with a rapidity that was out of keeping with the development plan both these areas, once demolished, allowed easy access and viewing of the Bogside for the military. The original new flats in 1966 had 3 high rise blocks and flat roofed maisonettes, after the 1969 riots the plans were changed and new buildings all had pitched roofs. The stair wells had boarding that ran horizontally, which acted as a ladder to allow access to the roof, later this was re- placed with vertical boarding Car parks and open spaces were provided — missions. This is to stimulate the drift most of these were unnecessary and their back to using locally available materials. New roads, and a flyover, and excessive work concerning the newly formed Worcester and Hereford Architecture Record Group (WHARG). 9. A catalogue of available traditional building materials for technical sub- institutionalisation of services. Penny carried through the term her particular interest in the Afan Valley, a declining community in South Wales; she would like to design a community hospital for its needs. Dag concentrated on a criticism of the existing structure of NHS and is 3. A survey of Stotfold Mill in Bedford- We invited different people to our seminars to give us their views about NHS. Chalfont St Peter for reconstruction at the proposed open air museum in the Chilterns. 7, A measured survey of all the surviving monastic buildings surrounding Ely Cathedral 8. GSSU Thesis on the Recording of Vernacular Buildings, in conjunction with educational system — the problem of only function seems to be to split the At the same time a collection of tradition publishing an article “A Layman’s View community physically — like Haussman’‘s al building materials is being put together Paris. A high rise bridge that spans the River Foyle isproposed that will allow shipping into the docks — at the same time they Proposed @ motorway along the docks So we can see what part the military play in Ulster’s Town Planning, but surely if we look closely enough we will se similar things happening here. for eventual exhibition. HaSS Project In Autumn 1974 five of us started con- The Architects Revolutionary Council has published a draft manifesto calling on all architects and others involved in the built versations about National Health Services in England and we called our project HaSS: environment who believe that we should Health and Social Services, their level and cease working only for the rich and quality. The project was partly built on experience dictatorships of central and local govern- which some of us gained during the ment to offer our skills and services to summer of 1974 in Yugoslavia. There we the local communities, which have little which were built by the National Liber- ation Army during the German occupat- ion from 1941-45, The partisan medical and architecture. ARC believes that the profession, as it stands, is a luxury and that the RIBA propagates this narrow luxury characteristic and is thus directly responsible for the malaise of architecture and the state of our cities. Basically the movement isone of social ency system and 4 government controlled, concern. ARC believes that the problems A comparative study between an emerg- of architecture are al around us, but that people who suffer from them cannot affor afford architects to solve them; neither can architects afford to tackle them. ARC wishes to break this trap. It is well aware that to achieve a new framework for architecture there will have to be radical changes in our political and economic system. Nevertheless, first architects and students must demonstrate that they are Prepared to fight for a new system in their own art. In a long, prolix and rather ungrammatical explanatory note, the ARC explains that ‘the new system of architecture will need to be based on a mass movement’ but the revolutionary council does not regard itself as the embryo of the movement. ARC is,asitwere,themidwifewhichwill help to bring the movement into being, after which it will adopt the role of stern tutor to ensure that the movement does mot become a bureaucracy intent on pre- serving itself to the detriment of society. At present the movement consists of one cell in London with embryonic cells in various other countries. In the autumn, the London cell will divide to produce three new cells — on the east coast, in the north-west and in Scotland. ARC wants to build up other units of architects, technicians and students and urges anyone interested to get in touch with 11 Percy Street, London W.1: It is better to have four people who can trust each other than a loose unit of 10. A national convention is planned for the autumn. of the NHS". He hopes that the article A.J, 26th May, 1975. will bring a dialogue between medical and architectural students which would then result in exchange of practical knowledge. At the end of the term we held an Open Forum — adiscussion between thePar- ticipants of the seminars and ourselves. Our conversation did not give rise to any specifically new ideas, but it enabled us to reach an understanding between our- selves. The graphical analyses represent the development of the seminars and of our critical attitude towards NHS. They also make some recommendations. — — — The application of the re-organisation of NHS from April, 1974 The problems of District Hospitals New approaches towards community health care: ~changed role of a General Practitioner —health centres powerful minority or the bureaucratic New industry issituated on the east bank of the river — if they redraw the border the majority of the population will be left on the west bank. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource AA Project Review Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Murray Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974/75 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/fae414fb85dec3d68a38baca6df5877c.pdf 97e4c048a1cc74755c37d64eaae2d51c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Miscellaneous Subject The topic of the resource Miscellaneous issues Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976-1980 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Buildings & People Subject The topic of the resource Essay Welsh School of Architecture Cardiff Description An account of the resource summa Sr [il](ATHEME)|)1!1) | ‘Ss A e “1,WhoMegseeArchdeshageOFASocietyPelle )| Hs Social Otucturs 7 | ‘.fi)| Al pete iWy fm SOCIAL STRUCTURE. OF MODERN BRITAIN ESSAY WELSH SCHOOL OF ARCH MTECTORE /UC. \ CARDIFE# UANURRY ISTS {Lerretree 1er rm| i ORE AIY} a YA si <LUY VNu Pe LA then tyGinulSAL ie ard, veerely dei Ds ALMA in the LA ALEK 46 dA jase ‘i g fu 9 DAG u eR rai Gras % New, "Wimborne (7-1-1 pif *Lae rf Hy INIAIe a 9 t > ras DUILDII UO & FLUMoles (oR WHY DONT We Brow 1-ALL up? ) | CONTENTS1 ONTENTS~ ART ONE CIDE SLES iTS o INITNEY PICTLAR RED ID & baVULA CHAPTER TITLE |PEOPLE MAKE SOCIETY *RAGS & RICHES *IMPOSITION, MANIFESTATION & TRANSCENDENCE ©ie OFGRIT ° LIBERATION VS. SUBJUGATION ea NING BRIEFLY DONE WHAT° FORWARD (?) PAGE NOS. 43RAAEGSDN ¢ SSEMANTICS VS. DIALEA S SoEKPERTISE VS, ABILITY ©WASTED LIVES *DATA RETRIEVAL & MEGALOMANIA °TOOLS OF REPRESSION © BRINGING ITALL BACK HOM= SIT BA CK &ENJOY Tua COMMERCIAL © CONSUMPTION KILLS 6RED FERRINGS & BLIND ALLEYS "lTAW & CRDER. © MYTH & PURPOSE © SCHIZOPHRENIA ©COMMUNICATION BREAKDAKIN °CATCH ME LE YOU CAN I TH W MID E L DLE LE ¥ MA 2PEOPLE MAKE BUILDING ®MORE OR LESS AUTOMATICALL4Y4. °THE SILENT UWt{NESS °CITIES & DOORKNOBS = SPLiTS ® BACK ON THE STREETS AGAIN ©(ExpLEWES DELETED) © RATS! ee ~MASS HOUSING 8 MASS HfiOUSINGY (THE BUILDINGS RISG AS THE PEOPLE Fat) °NUTS &at OLS eStefSi Bs2BIERYONS ®UGIY AEADS & Bic °ee © CRACKED ® CRANKS IN THE MEANTIAG © PO(SON POWER eTHE FUNERAL M ARCHES ON ©LAYMEN LOSE ; © MAKING LiGHT OF ITALL ILLUSTRATION ~eveevmesTesane 7FOR EXAMPLE Agee FoRALL= ®PEDESTRIAN GRCONSUMER PON A LIGHTER ©SCREWS © LET THE SUNSHING © WITHOUT QUESTION °WRR& WAT ©TREING STOCK ® THE DISEASE © NIGHTMARES & WERPONS TAKES HOLD NOTE... IN \OCAUGHT ON ENDLESS CARTWHEELS OF INSANITY s ILLUSTRATI OM ~ MOBILE SOCIETY & HIERARCHITECIURE 37 IHIERARCH NECTURE 3 THE MOBILE SOCIETY a THE GODS OF PROGRESS @ VAL AD JAM LS GOD EFENCE ILLUSISUQB ON “~CARTOON &PYRAMID e bhas \ f% (LLUSTRS ATION ~ LIBRA, Vp) p Fp LrS 1% & AS ES, LA LS lfN 2.32 3 LF oe BIBL [? r=)fee=fepA®, »¢: Ghcame ¢ PAGENOS. éyf f “ph \ f4UPbeiPENF,i é UlLE USTRIS ATION ~ FUTURES & ELECTRIC FORTRESS CIRCUMSCRIBED SOULS A\WIHEDE TNO We GO EN AA |EDE S J VWIiILKEL DU V he Lit AVA TiLK 6 2WHILE THERE >(SDEATH... © ANARCHISM IS THE ONLY POSS(BLE RESPONSES =iqtiheAVvi~—UNe usdde, 1JtpuUbaS}Vis +1 LMYTH AS| iLi © ELECTRIC FORTRESS YEFFDENICE RE RxLEUINCIG 023 a hieds Underunets ada. » (les Li bly GRPceA buikders Chics, Ss )s Buckenunat Lek prepes aly fer Lardemn, fWY, t = ae 4 DAC Viiagteties by Le (Crburiel Ail mw yor yey { zee Qrblat from ERE oe Mh} ProvLeague Uiddmenws dters Buminghaen aJ i 4 ‘ , Pood . (} 4 a >, A. UWE AINE —F ins WLGtivecak Us! hed Doves .0. 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HissMANhesegnehPARISOrenPees S38Em alrendled,Uyoc,specialsdeculeAbyMammenmleAbbiysdaPee \ aL Vf|or{ (J MeDieu (AL CATHE =DRALE Ripe the aby ui alien ch pSple te claboralé — ¢Ls: C fC 4aal LES ra AonLs 3one & Heth nwhe tie calicecdral,4EAMdousn ayhte p> f 0 |Q faidsjporeneynetePUAOvlacked ON oyiaiag! NechescramilyActenonons Convuner ext estecd ettyLegato Cupher THERES A LOT OF TRNGLED THREAD ! ANA AAD A)DAAVAAIAMAAAANMARSEE | ELMBEAUUst>désted oe.apaceb(sSbemade.Ui AUEMEDSpaythe AAAA AAK AAAA /j \MEW UNNVUWWWV VY" YN a /* PLE iam eesMman WE a thee BOx-GiRDER. BR DEES fea el ba out ;ae Le wheeled dodo eK Bees TE CSS MURS 0... de stl ls te sae DET=(AiCCHED HoussS ,detached fers c/hctaclanca a ahudbotad trom olOLwend) | fUkeSakdom pectic ,oflife-+FTFTAOM"ware 7TAN 4OM USBYNAN pPat dp)OM PRETS STON & otecersals hy mursted ~ o& PALACE! MILTRRISM &menumentalunad « FORTRESSES Pay Archie Ae S buldang th pethapa dLhe Arremousk exp (AACN. ot A Asueky) atcte ES ,Yellies dad ila Torah adrachige . pan NS W Morumentalrel w sre= effec blocks capnee be deMNSshed! Cosae pyrelennened SU Mapp)tives'd Se(plate fk the value: placed onan wdfisiduals Life tb cleat, a Unite HOUSE or te prenledk “~ AGhme, sh 4S }anatiy efryeebu! dete |Lon(de tueonesLashfLeanLheeKNaesublizBrynsoukconat stil Feqiuese strctnes ~ POST OFFICE TOWERS tr propeganda & Communsce Lin & REGIONAL SEATS OF GOVERNMENTte hide ulhen the fuses have all bum oleam. A fh AAA Nu ~* VW ‘ A» de unfermalian j ,Tels andonLone hey ave been entrnteh = jae fat liteDeh andationsThemeanushilewheaLhesreticalsth hentia £rom COnVceny se EL &hucatin ard.dusored Us tk ite sEemanics of thet cles didle: re Ona Ach ¢ tear rete ah dates, O vars bulany nae . arth Oe A pees ge Wehdeds ae EXPERTISE VS, ABILIT7 . ie dined oy Welletacl oTyeusalirnn (jP ble ©pre) Leg bute ank sulin, Ley success ApecithimiedtaCenain,buildingAtper.fstheeEKO (NEEANES, Ther cbliig 4e- Tichle other dezgn pec fers deseares, Arched dexgn a.5fh OR WWeary peciclized rete efined )dhe cif. drauned& be fae romang otherrealityiReltety Cle, ;bey uilelletial Coe s . ,ere matenah pe vee derdez they altenticnn exch wucely te te particular, Duecesefuh ackectarel ae of Jiate Ebtes, ther /f. ~Cmcctel AlfordAchiands <Y ~ (2. = offres oF- Faces or scheols or howrind io ushote AXtag of dada ‘\)eee La“t=gt r 4 spe xtulian vesul& untkK the weihnrouny EQUUS of he ee, meonctercus, HC MIDDLE MAN < SEMANTICS VS,DIALECTICS* prcictsbleersmmmei ax uctedsingly hah, WASTED LIVES .mhbate ee fe : tors vA athteime GREEN us fCrejuime, nshing edit Se 2 Wh NS EG A ALLE, ScLpposes LHLALUZeINEaRcaretAdPLOTESS45LheKE oleSd Scie = fe Spe‘tee pe O RGLEMannAVIE-dpAésiiLePAWESaadABNMESSIEdusarced 4 ~fafa “\e . > —_fe SGV04>Why iehukdvad>Ke Adhefinkplice- {B seOYfeEOCOR:Heheet - iAy ) MOCWRAS do nse aquetin dite cet ale UE dasen fra She dlrs. ot Hkchnelonicdl indulbence and Me human popalatien A, meden Udurtral toc te harinciested SKE Avze otthe beinduced problemsnvctuedingeverninsdiesewort,Sheproblem’ofhouning iz manes’ har cenerited Mumercis selubcins’ avec The pears snce= teonceftheIrdwticlRertuten, henLeferedMhKeLE alg prlucd Me fn nares) and particularly win Ute Lat 5O Hees,MiteAtul haveAenExpresseWarchtecticalphilesephics whch hase iA face Seep NG Mae tan acsthete. saaes ferdhe CoV iz, bisa : ] ye f 2. |Asan, bokubhetly concer Henvrckses uth, makin adesn em “A snllebah Lites. (Lusrtinaleh, ;tere deamss howe been énunportaak ~ LOOet _ a— — ~ J sf connbuleny facler As the Creshicnof Lhe urban uastetiad kt which backdrop AE Mati nvdkdcto of tury are wuted, Chere deamas dle major coun UA The machuery of epresscin, milled enthe mental latticoef undilferent WAecttials and lined. by Jite (Edu hands cf dhendled dcademicr. Ty nuecuc~ tig of tak by discussion pO tucsligtlind Lhe Gilk of pcan i >) . DATA RETRIEVAL Dole ave ben Rluced te data or tieoperelien of Ute aschitéctorel machinentofcurmanAout. AUd-4pedsofbeldingperformanceand fie potential “building users’ equnenteds ate subeck te preuds-sccalific BekannuaByfkoly0Gsadspeciality& uvearebasiclyeo aiialpawPi. .z‘ S about. Aplilfing ite spectrin of human pus i otder Le make Tie nosFe ? {—A. ;—- ‘ 4 As MansASCE mariebe)46Ta orelidlédsCanOne Auchiaormln theye can te preduce yet another compromise sctubton A the predden -":t( “. a sseuely abreddy se miuch & produc of compromise o)te howe ditlte 5Xja ¥ ..a OT Ae Mednind for man of us members, Architedty neu specialize re ..Y.. _coord aching Spacaboms, MEGALOMANIA dlichdzch submis be an deoteay which ensues ther actre pactvecpalzan intheAczishmechauamdhrepensnaJespouuxTateinte seylen; Lwin simnultanecunl aatisly a4 ew edrefully stimulated oprete ferparebypresumingtesuply themwittheobelitytomould he world by desian Ealoniriian ke than décter 4 Ash heen acommar WwfecenWessasaecGe)eet22SUNOTEAkecanscecusu)nawSha Prencour’s ; Ve belief hak auchleclo and planners, canman paldle— people uid Sheu ASUONM ENE AaShat Aan Neen called. ANE “ouchiltectind_ betel A Her" Die kin até urlerable tkak pecple should be manipulated wnHor Way oT an otter, te exutaice cfhan “belt. Auaéyo" 4 used ECE, deck and iw adeaak JS AhE ashley deqman’ chrcusted abars Buclermunler allen ,Caldlsk- fot euchconcepts an the “Worth Cig" and deen of the techrocrtia, holds thin heli hese behinhear&andweed ihisbarietehinphilescphay~“lentley Eont_ mgs, reform the enncemments. ule Sclere w anther piece = dau ochtet unthduntinatli, megalemanacal rdenad; he har subordiadted evetutigh /Maa, Bd ecites stein perronak wiscon teed tedesan accorlirsdy. Sclenscareisanell@neone,— buteukissackmen ae sceneforNesxermerlalyushermay woh te ack out sindaS retes. tutilig a hebemthon-Caw' atttiade une titerund at 40 dlexarers han Cheer &.major theme tn the anthdedtival acheds of the vredém usortd, and deede receak shui 4enphaw,thetienerenainnandrcerauulyeperalits tice: ei cunenks paclining of aehdl = Je inunportak. te understand ihe urerkings aan avchilademAd and Me Aciah cotEae in hich UE usorbs became Ute aurchlZece tn Site middle man on theprascesswherchy soul CPE lie nebutdiad ey. te.}’{\ Jeong ond anakyer y Uke ommpatene ,~eterpbs)tk: Pee .ay WELAA UU eA ot Ale Vth tiuadg. shiek. ALife scuentinn )Keucleg als, A experimental methed’~ laboraten TOOLS OF REPRESSION SSUS AL duo ausakisn, and resultant costa proved Te pmacka morskeun| foslute.HeKitJace:hahexsohesLet4pregeck:inAGLint|cover| WAA such & cicwler thee wo of ce uray Acetate Os ozialbeth tan ondcrunéunnervedtheetsdeaders.Gneofreanutealsonde . ie ‘ . enn page 4ard ok de Neo ! 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Nedaushile the val of dite Ronan Card ouaster diay been cha ec URtkerulesoftheGe5pecple-packencushichullgue.eae he clung mes fund | Aether dspctabims 7 : produce 4ulote Aoured ofl ol:leark= produce qad-cutn explascon-preay- hound). Alibes effects UGE madem aschutectire har Aad onpecple ones ORE rfAdleiery e j— f tg S08 & presen har Anger timed. pPause een More wuscby deamalcc io ) yee4|. s Speef ACME CANES Aah. other. 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(AMESSAGE FROM OUR SPONSORS) ensueshakmuch(merepeopuserehulledbyeadOe aA Las Manutebil4llleeadameyercnYeongorrcuiclWPA,MOVEpeople WereAdlckAyroodacadeleaLeUSAten.ene Me:ADL gear ua. lhe Wecticn. ewett), he problem T¢amanifactied one, ds bose.isrefulable, 46 ahs inventoun Shedartp.peelkin,LepeeblensCxatandWAeadofhetoinguste rideee:roblemsPbyradicallySarailikeneedfesuck tng as pesenal Irtaspat Keclastowucs ustich kof ete Pe urvtzad 6{males anallampttedevi line4 ted,plennesBe per“pene emaedesanddante, As that : a lendoSeametiereef eae everyone ve il aa ullbelovelythenieseee se eee We‘=oplimunreasonable is beeihneeec 7 a, JUKE bl tack. b <agey ce, COUSUUIVE: , L consummate Ae wnasling Mie of.yout eulteve. RED HERRINGS & BLIND ALLEYS LaW & orDdDER_ : Tie lice uses A rele dad the Aut: Lisgs She Use Ly, 6ak Vj a oeUE & ,Me racial stechaniyrs that: lebncate sahenESchcickfaPa(onudurdualwoKkconf andthe Areecf— feo,ausadicuk=atk.otherPoestrresurl,hak“phere4oo) thers. 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Spal Locator, seal fthe.Main, Le ae AE wre, down Aké- uence which [4s Be, ask front— Like. led Adf fale epresctle, seliineatiill ad practically 4fuenc ffCereee EeUpaLeA Meee 3GHaAe ope ofet Ltedits pond cLLe Peli Wil. cexsbbele LJoe On, & ua ul, Gy.agin ee (clegnidly”acl pos; Ayfeild begeven Cntrdhee:Lacslcen,ateLngemEnk,aeldehaw.lalaanh appirach “ ; en excelextlubekeenofaacnic“almame Wwtheprocessoetraf theexpresiin,facobsqreclasudectas19viletheealegy \ ae paveret) ehenlmin uetem auttonkaran, deste:$9eeaheWeenaruseeeexpreses 4 AONE&bysablesk&ae tralers.She.ba,beakerscr. ands See Jd-wassetilelyfeeAheUnesteatce-Ef,KEponeratAmbala ite | Mdtke.syDotucGUYBAHENL (LiensASESH ibfurtheaesioncel ¢fel q d Uo these SUR nad ka Lea: papel Paci d i nize,Osncelfaye:then,Uso)frendant((enchuz+plannelee earlier 1962, be hadbeer guen the fodcf alfectiy Bredexgn f— pul PA ie aie fader ne overun cal « PitUnga AE dre li tke ae g Menziphes DX Seder LA hiedinte Yeinet bg “Kennedy BU I96Z =: lig / MepeliawihLhPEfippideegiisceMEand.Sea PeleeAG AL,liked aA|Zigle and fam aoleatesah ne.tSed.Lewo,(reflec Jd dheclinul,vonAZONKE.‘UL:7tkneSill fe Amencen.,[elLaerapak a 4o-~,¥Ito 7 Uv Gaoa All orchitectioal.Kapressean i)ledicaledte the idealsof HE StaheRes ASuihe the indindualers Kyaf A& LhE vducdusls dase ‘ fendered seesndany -whos dAGE de the cf the ABE. SCINdA Medes y use alez Au lay 5 Adler 194-3, a “Mean Kenef : moe lakLheLegueiLAddbdOVE4D&EsludaLeththehuseeASU4A rwale cums LMhan Ee magn feclert edifices of MhE hele Cana wakey” CompreadL-hen,hEduerll.AbureallyLeip leanctegnapczaike ohyerede=of seconde une ieee g erecuneateexonlesofhisAPs ude vealAPES,Aete f hard Tax 4nd ae An shivardckiin,OG Modem Ayebulediie,' bryg Jsl07. Richard oe 2.aly 4 p = eorphaien») f2Ud.uerpso ifelendeanphaie5d) Hf [eid ié ateUffaleNaeWenpaselecalein,seal,qthe.NALA, eosnependAtoieaAMEUtlezLownYepLeWUEuhtuck.peHe.earlfrank ofdheCapLRexWALEgiame sealinenleLeycxadpractically MEAsohUGE funclian.. ofcuss thAXLEY eyA‘éaeilnleSfLaoag ee (iPettyofakclin;inh=Fraibucg)hicl.canst72eE wscbleapiecenece Watebd&clegnilyachpreselyshauldhegeen ¢ps— AsebfailRELo)th-KZCALLEN,carvesagemiiil,epelaleHttied.leiltizEMak 79 ypreacl: ZIsiaraene awkcrockepfeleh:releencfneareleedUotheprowessoe(ranafernag theXprRAwn,facoder‘freclarsdesta9vilethepagesicaleigeGeer. asPLETNIES DELETED) Ay. g Ste mr eolen auth sidan, See oe its ts ater de link, ONEGFLOSabKS aes BYS.. =clas Seger wellexpressed by Bie ee teh {orateA ,be unestlance- Ef: [RE pouetct Aymoedo ): He:| Miktkesymbatncnaan (Litnasecences.ib aaa OF 0 in. these fallow Champlea: B itcaitn 4 —f IN1969 ,Dancel Poe han,Usodsfreadant Dace chuzf+planet UAreshenze- earlier rw 96Z,2, he hadbeen qoen the: deb cf affecting He design K— dedeal geCYENUNL:cateHrusldin43and re ie: ae iMenziples a Steak Archdectate. “announ aA ey Scania ae I96Z%: oes l, ; He pele xyshall be AE p2Ee pequucle and p<galeEfaeces AGA arellediak tly Le cad fom edhecl isC cleskleaxgeushed oe (Med will reflect dhedigyuckGyGhertDIVELi sibelofheoAMERA,(Bizz oO a o—~* 10 ay. (lavcnnitanile. Alloxcbibectiz AxpIeseanWDcleducaledtetheidealsofHestilPie oStuchTheandustAvathUg astHeudusdualyduskli ; fendered, 4AEST snpattdicce-ne the ebific cf the ede: eos dedepysotaotve Antes5Adler1943, “MeanKeneft 66 ChaitAattAeHheANEth-Aadbeeha4 & ludaLegsthéhunknbleASIA syateCLUPLETSAhan be M4134hctéri edificesofthéwWhteCaitaby Compared Le Lhém , lhe dusk oh Abu. really Ainge lean etegnepczake -4-- otyeey. x of seconde QZ unger A v Nee cane: examples ng a pe of ideclogical eKpreseon ase not hacktrfind;(a SnSalieduclin,GMlecternHyohiledtiteb,y\.M0.Rchaclo: lntecn parity es chibtie ¢ = “ke/ : YiPe fU— oo thAteSLYAREolijnttyOfAleRHEorelecalicnepomepffmanunleit (2authorsenphas) fosShe iptesscan 6 ‘AgLdcolerte DTA uNTRE bzei qcapdalion. an nuuich bp & govern 7.4L AK, Bask, offices; AMEE, aad. im Thethemecontinues.ke.thestateandcapital are muitcialesu wa oc acucly dad ailing prposes be renascled as one Lf ) Sila peo ong fa tial =.{sg 5 Ausltupcgh 4b ASE ~fO a a hdradAt o deneutelea age olenard, bak uke LC. - i . s ~ ye ; bhCome L=aCHEE UhCmteMé Spal fom Kdegnileproduced ty aderbnes and 4Parcel plarnwy .Ste qresthousing scheme- 4 aaa gf Ait? y : eh A = MESADMindNEEGuUcllces,andAeTakibessacecesdocumschaxthard CmununiigCerl4,canelt ke(epeeMa age«0aply othe ea aos rekegeous poner cind ouystices 7 of ANE (L¢ k ct dhe onléepaler CNH ANCe— “4 po 7a) nik 2S apf gs . piece BS ; Be 1 Ofthe ((7kweerepreseled Aye: &Picaexchleditte-fhazepends? ¢!2 consumablecult buddira4(besohepr,v MES,CNEmAA,mghkelubs, ALeeinAa v9prwrlyokceremonialAulliryandneedstepaveacegnilg fl—-f-.J pues/ ‘~94ffigBOS Aha will fom a 4ALiN bach, round Spr COVETHOPULAL« Jt “Muse alsg CHptEeS pan et.) conttaté- kez basic. Seurse fabriccf oulurbancentes,” dhe (caer eons plac pepored for Carlbs oly ceabte yi hud. Cardi CorparskisnoredieRusecdf-ptepettydesclepersextublcdHeeoa~ partneship&HEMHEondcapBlum.,uafeAswesacchicedrexcdeatial tennts-thexiteice-.YleLikcblecdofUK beinguredehaebeen ready hse comiviciion, use Ud Aove- obtlented Communitiesof heat Nhe cblizratisn han ack beenconplele., uk fhe blight rentdind and (he couse i) Aubbiourel ty ack fot The (dare dhecultéyJabreehe»hecemewet ootkmanymanure;multeabound She oily Ua bdilegren ~people jCounc and vetted inkereceall stig fe fer power ww A Gane ohhee fre unnner inabuses makzac the rules, thee Ee16eat,ratiquah(ExpensesFe ,Deaensfuncional NELLESHES apparent on buildiia and hetizNare ess audh beomeba , hut The qe cf poser and POBSESSLON dahe place tstlhcn,areata consbiiclzay, maly abouk propetyandpeople Shotincurculls KMeusando People temarn, homeless file bulduags GRA. onplg. ubbe HunsaHRArM! “Sane TT1° Gu UuuHug,MA HATATE SS My ahoaday...buildingsareallthesame,everyone’expectedtobethesame...Ue 252-7 Seaaee Jeet TSAESEIar .JESBeEe ~ Serr - me dbaaLdS 7S SSEyear . dlfoalTana Kad Th) 7 BeFS ES iho GS ead Ed 1S} > 3rargPy nadGdEA = weaFSF Capesjos lad ad ed ead Spel .| } —__Ab|aBA 23 PEDESTRIANS OR CONSUMER_ Cee! dhtnverledwlerestSeer aoleyallaroundUA, om(422 atnomeulecanbeAAaboveaecotheze i furtiCredaohcxtwyeywile.vee410,AMEYifee SEGUE MeexplaoR.F.ed, aeaAoeDassthleAy«Gh2en <rar(ligEfSe:Mamita,,ofKZCelevledJ.‘hestrectthetuse— walk dawn jhe hewres naan abe lhe bui ag A. Shuch WS usesAR, is elox,peurorn, Are concrlemutter,tethepspyee lems cf cul dailY tues, tk < potposcless Anes gf poestaana, members 4. he rea tlic’, a CENSUS ,hetishe imdkeers, Cittusrchgcers gf andt(sUrtAty.wuLem4Atcy &pxleUALous.soceelyAisobth conaleactosnvs) hak ae noc natowol -eeptesacen Cethe lass fi Us peeple e used, tuk EeEXPEL «ifaACU HuWmUMaAnN COMPOUEAG ahpa he ae shaman ps relegatedte.less dunandy CN A_LIGKTER. NOTE..... Breuaen ub ansnexticable 1Primary mechanion ia au recut machine and J eccorduglasledliekCUEdeme,particulaaall-buldugsoresubjed ' SEetyornof«hucauoche,contiot..Where aLayLuxcanbeseen nrLe Seu blocks,pihachehaseqn. heRio numbersraped rece pests oUlover ME url ,Lagey f§or commernal eatonk. dic 4Eemain,vertiiolAste hee:been 44ean ONENUED>efcosh (Gemisiounporschefz),oftkedesi.ocfaplanibae onseclan accerdud Le equine onLizge anandandperniiadilesdale acter ~ Qappancki: SecavertaHaeasi erence anammCoen OpenSpace. = ee:Teind~28-1274 ae deagy-habdableroom ee ene een oll, atemerlekydisor )eaAuch hes NE COME ye ~R62GuviillusKegs,i765 Vion ard celhscdone ae peertaie= ‘ Tebothtata —bertten. a ~ saerene basis ~ 2+ ia ACIPHER S RALL SEASSOs ) a ) Tage y EY AAAT! & FOR EXAMPLE u ala...beulduss Te ee aedHwvetkAAo Sones u HY aj peftt a , gual : Be f LO B spice. dhedexerfdLEAc Pant&Stayfrxcdh,SkedergiicgfLcplan» er fiPleeeee = hts offoMlathttpetBHOSpps )sandacd sn)CRP A IRANSMabeofAREudaind tbeCee )MaGAAALC j;|j Lene: = pian Lf de cropped of{ bg te yacel ot nule=— k;:c Shi plan fom w generally peated oedch side of Die ances comdars aad WeVySey“7 3: - : 3 AcUcUCcOoTreEsSC-(iheGeeve)WuMhn,ouzCalMleucorparaledAle&calaelealsupe2ante FF > SUUiC — ie Tl iy CSch ca cacSscamHea a ao f aa 2 fi ; 4 he stride. 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Lhe erdlecd vaned. kabedes DE of nalicrak Lght uib ONCE Mote couemcalts J3EN p Aie EKame¢Aas 1s ube acpher. for aie LeAnn « ofadstMeae AungfeVWdebtanaprauudeh \O OD tebWeertateretonlsAEA,stkHeQ&eARKcfotfeBArsrerest.mene eadauacteCaSTih,obballingeenurhaceamdesnedtoe ;ne oe sh tebosk! — ese:qoutes eatsUN mass-=p solute conaele nancy , Express die tcp gythe dill <calf usece te Ca indelusery «wy hes red (fuckéis chon 4) and, bs & betld sa bentla anythere, oper archiects ss bea-Aindack ,ce protulzl, Shueena (Aooles = Jbsues cbya.CALEAwmnd— eae dack gcuad eceanneeuse by arias dite budding on © A develspmedt? fer prof LEA « On ricky gFonucsey (SHE al D0 /2 aACia Londontldeck,Aa c 4-= i 71 Cie Kk ,ee St clsree offeblick ply ce ce wetbude LerGas SCREWS seardak ee flopely Spex <OAG WehaveeccupiedCGS saidthesgualspressSalen,Deceit ttfasbecomeheconadeAynhdarey lindMhakisrolei our ancy seuely. JE wallsLhe heumandy an ee ftchehancless, a StcxpecesThe hakECofpetiaansashesPS ACaleburefuseBack.’ ; LET (HE SUNSHINE IN a ~aubters phan ~ vhe gene fem of Acheck puldisay that har erotsed aver fhe pak eas doses n the UR hay been pants 4 result of eolucationak theory uth, ME expresscan tn Lhe opencplan ve.classroom ofdheneedacomplwth eqpualyliecreticaMydésyedarbdrsryequlkceny grvermng dasfea lle acters and pence winrdour size ond roomcle Te ows pet theabsve ctfice lock <xamples, We uxdows a ee budding (bees Cschecls ),it.orderbe produce lhedeepes® posable Plan fom, =beenhuge {ise&-carlingusallyofailasaWhichhaseagqrareted dhe problem of dean dnd codbian tke bud.Lia 4dueLELhe,wAl— dstumeled “qeethoude feck. then the sun shuies Not UEvery, € dehdlé, andneste feast becaure Sie aval hive ef suck 4wulinas wbdetermined fousple& ates,ustuch A Awe cred, Jet wslilec— /Bdevelep me (eemibs’ SE paved fo offices over (C000 +4, f€. Colon Rx {eit has been an sche nach re duskbag ee eee of seulpled EXPEDITE /Aude Pecalire— seeLdfamed{er»kywostedgeofSievarewsrequletisincarlisle ahiceblscke develope (pericalatty worCeli Lertay): sec{fet nths be t= heledevel es cereus UME moxumum cure (|ope) om a budding A getting Mave Aquahe- {oatie o floorspace ii thside Saar Skee. * ,) anyone lsat He epdenwzeds Me rete o echt none ofMie ok blatantly,<xplolatireacessofcpealon,nw eaptedatiesecicty.indeed :N uige e/ | ‘) Ae Off) gl 5 ‘ D4 a f TheungamnoudCenteAhaGEESE natalLondonpaSeer Crethien, ,Aas become a lten WyeAyre, for thal exploiting graces age,LuxsLakenovertyahundredolemninalraleayinapretagai She Y: veRyeee déadkkblexdy{Eeeieg. Qapypendr WITHOUT QUESTION Lae vaBe udlispusunfeanttiioebPO=*scbleTEAPENS((‘Mhzsclicot), , tA GA Ck th uth, Caen. StUtabi C3 oh. ohon)pee aunA usentChashile CALE, oly such d ae Soucy coud A Mas sproduce AUCH Udaed he and wsinagehie budduig’ S) _rats! s— f or WV)Bue Calm ling ate stick pried expe ert ~~— tr SULA AZ LxESCUECDuckplacekhdsfourRoecheonMausIe catespee > i ). Liey|Mitaan,HayHefaders).berablexcel thenLheirealigis LeduCan icdered i}Be PRE Edy0Hecreccucpahe) '4ht— G3GE Henezusun Weis dhe. leachNets,porenlodndc pioasl bnsser 1“CbMe- ushak o panel of aSchLsal bald, ARG al tte burners UR ();Witeheell., ot hie yoriow) sGuinciine dite AA LutaPeeaccepf4ed,UMELLL thpplicalion.aslaidasd err chardind +h 1ond people G slebigenre and fecting (nelle ck eo well ablets Urnaley Lhecorncephsof cho?uspen:Oequeticnanyiray,fornw aul Soe = dK a goed w primase UNCLE ar 4 Lreanung ground IzeRakRece:pateaeLedinportsee (wadomucch a5 4 FULLERS Ehwk =~ Ww) rc = eye Pew oe iLLES Eto) 3NS ON A Co} 453aenumane \ a S2°¢Ges*c—aSapedg! C ®2npeengce j SS98s eauddusg! § i t| 2 ) g3 ASS HCY Iat ~ MAS a) IOUSIK LA [THE BUILDINGSRISS AS THE PEOPLErat) NUYS & BOLTS a Tie — CheustreadPorkyDoeUKconcurrevik>Susfemofshaneproductann,Abernd — / ie - = be echibt thos Cag deste for Mas5-ppRezke lian |nue atchitects. fle MEA tn ALON, pear o g4\it f - thbez bw + sy OXLEY hs Capac uyisexhubled ae ufOsP eredéd,buout.soul,|ae Gian. si Lang 4 harieOo”Ks;ener‘4Lei 6fit X> =enireclucidscEMP anOreLfle4GR,aad Zs 4 sod of.Ourculhizei(— dei& Ln L ouf ci (Tire us fick v ea Sun nth ecard UU consid ned haus Gus” oschtlerdii tle- aN <Ctsenee dadflowsbacee¥ey Ma plod 7SA piscess ,Me & has be<a G soled, OJT Lp dite Andou talon of ea Got pte J hese endless bly Revoteu oh rekibion xahued ooff <xplrviatact {< (ene Oink es Site a our Suu‘ligx Aram JARE PlerCa.at cncaee panels hf Cheapest deshnobsonLhelet GonadsMak, \ STERIUT YFOR EXERYONE: Wass-soulsuralNGRSaehKoetekerveyanhLFcapaclx-ieee= preduckieSeta,lyAes®exlubdedicoltirelsteritsaSmaerkhoward, d.rHs ixince,piclivesfeebleapeatkdouderLGnusords(BeateHinaheresay butonedoesuelteconsid heisesuckanunpavedslut ams ee fons, Le- 25 chidren dambics andhence he<tps mouldLite socialattrade. Verb uar conde. hoursuch mentredics came abocukand uchy Tiens FAK TAKE S.ikesuw Ud 3} hetds. O UGLY HEADS & EVIE ze Oo.Lege «et, te Merle dreams of te. middle meEn (4hapte4) Ue responw ttl=F the “hughe oe blacks dnd endlerky repelitore filing caenck orkdetiue ushad eplanus Md hound ,UeSdhireclty ie resale of tie obsessuce wlelteds j titled. comeacsness and peurle- ame tigned mechani) GxsuchMenHAlilerGropius,Ludus isWanderCheandLhorbare (4fcfflnuckenessLeoninaliih_Unapnieeace)vaiscd, Credenceamang’&tAlsKAwehletiterayfieaeaeokesdunsand~tneeae “fitj exly pare of +bin Cen me and sabseywed “wy ite Merchasuamo of caplidire KON SMNUCA aauted alsSpeke“y dete’ and Lunnls der red dotting , hd sew. ; Lay Pécockdusners of ve art,of feaple packing wee offen peofesseck rocducala, YCEXPLOIT utiloie- (personee&,).4foroned an ds, se oera4, of ~ag colonia SJ} . eeoftheAocakstrict ecalinetheSrydnusalionetaltspreducki ke machines oe people La people és- en dlarm nd dnd eUesl oe SER extenfo OPEonS 7sMé Kethey hinSe ia A. eOnA Ler ~ bce Chord Vick cate feseishLis i WR ks gf : PELCEEN.iu!fenee ASAidief~(OSEADProm neared Teak ockulalin f thte met. ie versed & deaf Gio pits wn (728: 67]; Ve 12 cle etd Ga 4D Px eOf oh 4 ae. f AMG a iLlericrtiCaWeLn \Yy- os Z. dud.LfwebeLeksald4Le housaAurudlotaksfecdbeen.GAs Le?f f— ? clots, shoes or aukemebes . we 3: te was ,. allPieelyAssureullRaeokedkLforaauAghelseatloGme¢of van ecsooansbelef,aclezla ae ofGeMBEmcbetewatkurd€BAN4oar s ia an.)aaS NaUtearb.gitslenfLeeGensebeclickCTV, Mad 7 tundlers,roulineLitSeSspealefJe preciuce epctiNe,aheidetesLess : dasclligsiSe diesasehemeIeres&.{remJISsclanctndUieserepetiSj fs NY, y tt — LhEprpeldlion..cvbecauneLzMe...JELduced aAeptesStyesAL AWE aI GUCAD ,level-Aéxttad JOs-occur Le Ade hea manlena 4hessts” f oy at-f {-fj ORAPrspagsacsotoeardMeSebeheeUShanatA destin ved fe gre et and b{etter third, Then. 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Jgp di <tesAW LOut ff AEH co fea 4 Juuch (blatant adios jess eee 9and crackfoxAeappened ee 4onthNee 45;Pheele €dldce Nw Ss Cru mole CRANES _IN THE /vACANTIME= {— } ie dé machine:cecrates « heasely onusarks, and mest ot be ein LE mesh asetlena wth.i= CASE Us centinuch fuunclean Asr- ee Mere Teuotict biz tina tha. Ne bused und od supply el fuk ard 2— clu nerdy WED cettalwhey PE mos’ cated peop le Se. sfiescn ls be=ple te i ae isutdads c( others, ASNEAAA 35 eumenuste es) MACE 4 Wo Gh Liza mur Apeand thea I\ UP aided chien soot pth =gone, cbdanack a< r BU, ANA Vo(EAi dSread -<:See =re_f= } it er (rtpecy ila NCO\OFKaewyetESC aut TY THE GODS OF PROG! Ase te Jot bits ¢ iL etithes 7VOCALS CHEMIEabu {fyNOScdmGW tenL} fneae x cf_— pope WRER TAG chs cs av ounCULE artes \ Whore people cueony pau WA me Wh \= faacrenumerts,themsbuluratz:ikoutifDG =f 3 } — :{ Pore — obiute UA» “CXQHUE Lex ,Awe theefe- CHE athicys “pn WHE OtnbiliorDMawnadproud Conca gerklen ate sered Aous; Aisr6otbh.aL. dhe U L: . of, Op, MhWea fromthi unnadorUSS»SAGuds tllage aeed APak Vee, ad kefewhee— 14 AuLubna hardlar ornedchaAhig vill -44f—-_f li; /Zf i— eg ANE Mie obslbales could bIEEUS ed, ULaaes WEE olepapule ASA _32 yLES{wie Jf LaateFtsRA CWA KE ade aie 4 the MON ot usett(He and one Hakes AAMmCS, that Me ev4 poor supplicd ; SsPACE+fot.ratLakve,his|wat«lerdedoe Space ferhis|Lats5,éq|wpaiS,andAround Oberype(Liares SsdTheLerdscf themancfS>wwLecktsmousdownvile<4dbJz obstinUefed the =eo on dhe Uneasy Sand SADedk ek.fate , evs, hen re Ike Lerdy Githe NAserenaot ascula Mou CAUSIN wdlade=) rte ananon,dhe esed masufeskationnéhhAAouUctEluk MEVESSSfoswroured feat arurd Ff = OMe oe ce an sound ueBEX,£p.{ She sk & UN megsSeieNeASfeSeemcktusALG Meu, PDbuttrsweleee fer Cur nowal ae Lan » eed on prhayrccah Me bubith aha.A peoples A eS and fertde {eAen pres!LCiAdjemand aersacielcced le Liz god oaf PY (24 kak odhe meer cal. ‘Shyneck tecontiiusal SFrannpart pais ane goods alk over &Te county Aan |Prizeluced cL mas Ue mad, nelarort 5 200,000acesoh{fareanhPeireetbisa(757&H9(24s make. (OOM {or wad ~ She J:e- OS he o arly 944,050 acces! VALADJAMS & DEFENCE eer moreshell,enae and malealy Une’telineae re olesspedtebAalsteapesCoeaesolhareneetapedhome,Rouse orchu, hak Aerves ate of he eae pepples fora betes, Cots AWE vuesled ute aAMNmilar <meta nak CL Cres Ae Hate Ww NS connectionotkeyaadwaledusaeAYCECOTAUNLESLand e'= Jands cape of ac an Os MU. arcs onc Un portance dA She ppuslelircgs 33 OR A AAG | 4 se> onae vallep ane W s- set l ng, po ME M O L ulhl et ( s nt e w h ic pf : ths y ee MACLES OAK 1 Att é .ay t '— ADL on. She wharuda 4 teo ofcali,cardcdearltas,ny oe Wilageae :a Gana vedyeegf ig. COLONAa Ox ilaLE\ of Ug tn UVES tsoe LintecliacircbtecsepericsEToeSAL : j Pe MN, pyfoee j pps CE v)sees - (the[UuAly AAA (ze ua,) Al Sige tf, : Le CasNeAEDGSR” PES LCCWSA4CaN Se Pateaw ffs iU 4 pause es Netisatk a’olsAS an salesclie: dé benckion 4 HA Aa C de pacha NBs Aseah ariak tehaoteice onentalic or nud avtic «End. undaestationn A A Acue Ts Hes eset A bu diay Me Leah e : BOE Astute eCces .aueSGfthcUL Qf VVi Ved bi saneAMEX hey IE Len- AO =fete! .- VV pi AShipp.AacessAhEd~Mees Baker wfj A VIE KC oLOUn « ChE. AD” SEE Ahlet WAR_.& NERCTH K WE iL te ushuch a noncly hudds orthizctne elie tar atlNe Caritads, fash,canthdf became“a¢udehae “Aotteta. dhes -Caster, A. Haws4AoplayLE Cuneo mark de sf of Yn haves. fightag 4UN Wee on ata Ue § K Spd oh Yf i= AteNeenbid = ie- fs? pe & deslep €Bash ee AUCieutruincalt, wietess lum ps cf orvbaninkpoorer4PyHeAti GNEqpulls ~ it7a COAwe undLAMLET~JSAs tke MoTHuy and “vedarss TTARING STOCK QA scucla uli Ua ene. 4 tyiCute Agee On GA. CKEnen oe bascn & THE DISEASE TAKES HOLD «Jokes: EMUA undLitiduak th nanoh banked Io 1tis ELONONALK MEANA sfc HME EfctLY ETE SZcle, rexliiér), so cite SAME preTEes oe Le staleLEWINUte Ogalange-soeucthcelLotionshup d Aougeot,aeBoeddlit,édbseeethalheea 1the ie forcestnoe neermedAWnfexponae-teThveCapeelit ettte, un COR a vomundaak amnacrshens fer the Manufactie- and oxchayAgeweqossdkandsenLEA,ashem alaAheaealee Eritioh capdteen - shesuidurdudls 5 hoch Coad )CUA, <3 He condtraluralien ct (EsoWlCe Utne iN Manbouser, malendle ondlenerty, tase4tthesotidlacndACruusntental.COMEDLRCES AGactuntizA, Tequuesaie ~eeleneotestaUFregilite eesmeesctilicy a Maay people ecm Eade rhe of tie feS, fabsly valves alk thing and teduces oll Miesgs Se commoddier. Hence Cumall aed 6 Be wld,4[00umeleaealisicyAsuWes,of,Actnstiier- a; ir ti = ies chack cratic fh, r = ofUIAsoueGpcable 5 Cota eee fi £i% cy SOLES CANE bLaSSonee, ee ie iaIN REUAG ha inti a5k capdal.amthbeusdtBepicelucetetEyoofagcule.he Stakeaeva LAonefonea bude_SOTee enbedytceKeyparticulaSFfunctions ‘ecnaske bs HE econ y usluctr powAuicEAE, ei iodachad afcapdalio , Lan CICERUSALCEN.“CcCHE!eoheallpee elastephireee iN dbus may, len oe y|BAA Ent ie oa AS Aden vu f! an& j}f4 (PUsatAa, , rLvianabla tsk, he hour hima _! pest J 4 ae Lad US otlable >... and prot Hef$—{” I t€iped ULL FHgKE i)_). 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HOKLGI AhAk Aqnethsgrid 7nd tf h a ookren‘exec abs oe i5 ul {oraSTENmK I= caneh oN a ale teC4LEaunt facleresusRuch TePa OCNCecr-blsclkdéhowe pe mete Ae const offhice dTph.locks ds }Mowe EnuslarBuees co o-dmunw Te Oe obutcunty Kank Valoresbe OSU oSh Lich Hews HLA +pS ALOU and. vler=pAaNSCY st tA aifLre,nhepfs val aeCSy)U diiteted un Eee LT ‘fs vw Cara, hy eiae keh« ) PES). ju ps WyAoudk Scho fous cotta anulttide ofunasbrad relalaohipfdt <onESDfencludiona)diteSeSkcone&produceXHGproduce Jeeater(¢:‘6 4fete),cortler~tefinercuel5faancictlo Onescoment GasumentelecrAumel eawWIoLerroethatcHeates dG 2, ote on Tins 4SugdgG oe sack CANCES On dice band and it poe le \ KinkSie lesalustzen,of4he lies %L.These people.t=cophe1Sedhe fee Coprcuy elf CorAymed i ie yscomp JANE uber Site “hemes ‘ euAsCOMELOTAdis,iSe bPeYmorebecig13epee pyAises iREE-the oeele vamackuicy ferhelAfttheirosane hourf anddutcbodCorsume ferLieveotherNali,otk LHesle=pPindhats fulleduilk,clreamacfpeRecent ightaniere trait b WMONEY ds u£e Ge ConpdLtLed uduchNJnwild tice elses Meagan a CLE~ i EA Lfzannk sy, “y WAL, f ae;-/\;EreA:ES41 en ( J LOStaA Moment cada MIA T. f us [ 5 O OECA aaaoeyewon CANANE. OSpict aAAol hak Adetlk theSesg\otp= a tacs CANIM. bl otlable NIGHTMARES fe 4. pifj at ree Asta MON-PreBee 4,nctionsc© Ue= srced ts de mec ruagles (4: acts : : iJines Li y= a , LU Never Use i tatthe4 WE f LycsAOOECSeCORUGMite{eurofFaeUTe fo Comme oa) 2m STU ,Unorelera TyAkeLin JSilé €KWErce ok f:LAGTR hie ,i dsoo ’ /S ~é. liluich dhen cole The luc of FS] ple Sh 5 acide Protuce Aometkind fp eS z Ye S li pee MHEG, Mia San LL4 {Tae AHH RE- HUE LLELESS «We] fdackork FA AimeferealexiSabsuurCLae,&as : {orawconpoeyuyLEcalmdn he 0 YMONEGJehinEGE ConpdLALedae Seawldofice“blOTPI.~658here { Oe obLOUme Anhrrerable oe eR A ee petWALOUTand nan he oral Oy, efe. panels ,ds ince, Ile May-=PIEAuctndpeesEesTKaieUAL,ge Uke “f 7? rei ONES bfhsek AS NOULE A) j B bditutsl> (Er facteres uShich Madre AST C wer PESona retefenUy} Carhecly 4 eeeJ Mose PEGSINEdui tedunsuckP<HS hin rotick strata f cud cotta a multitide cf unnabvel. relationtte becple eee lieseofcormmunel.FSproduce,produce Je enltler (bes, ME «iltes) cotler te finehcuel 5fasnciette ernpeneCenentoe Crsuna,kwaosurprneta theatte we CANCE ondice ipMeike peepi f4Y wy) ety the;SE rcope=de exphersindee iota P lidtte olesalustienof NealeCoVAKUY4AfcarsWUEaosilewscompWheulenShted“hemes Q > wrffCOUTbelts,beadaededmorebetasrequbakedteNuss 2+— q ih Ee hhiey we eclGrxand A machuicg feral. the oth “ hourt anddu deal Carsurresys fer liz other Aalli / uk the sexp ind hsv \ “felledust,olcnAcfposseSN dadniighliniareofUte. _ 4 > a FCL = 7 * panels Je Conse of}fice back. As howe empleyces Ue tdmunwter oe a eo “ey oC. wf’fsf%>fWw, SN=peyom f {Vf Y9/ cr Jr? ‘{} gSo,RadVS NadWII I ed As wT . WSS St Sp t EO fe made al osante EqULAnd cb So ie obscene us Len, Us conte. Ie fash 4 =a =f0L espeCrt 4We um f_- nd—lem, Way aanTe Ti IRFf= og 7 LA POISON. PONER_ of sociah, aaAhence petitical, zet P=}oleoueEtpeople= Cut ' UBautlionLAoOtndpotitzcahfoOwe Ob ale ath the ott ae furclsnr ot 4 hy i faeUWweEK MakeoM Ubend ¢akon o MESeas,dndAenonlydics 5, come Whe eda he e Ground fora ULCEILC. ures >fe comorde and cosen ‘ g aeree/\ ae“Statens, Ww ofhuchiN the :|.E TLSder LPEN ETS UNaLinu? Lethety Taq e cadets Cf cao) ’ THE FUNERAL MARCHES ON da : =f f«p,,—" w caGR.KSi)TULEhBUT}Uea 1S}13,JMe(theSu,Asie Sf Aaurau \) Ly<pkAAparticudeslAUond-ECXIMeEsUSaACUSEL-MAOs“etedn hy EXPENICON VA + ryranucd Shickusd wreAr ieculy ,t= entab aod s _— Sans 4 values on {<td-0.IID Of AN = xthe p<yoni w pert aps Tie UV - LO sme KAPTESUNAAuerarchicad-om,otkbyumSLRie SheyANACHEcyofanauthonuan.-PAVAEIN.deeting«thecatisk by a fec Sof Tne Nasty, a UK validicby day d syn1 oA for Aach a Po“ staatfeWwosvalidlpr osUbeweEN LAYMEN LOS J ft lie pases ! I a ees, —_ { obec|}1S,A4LE LOMUAG CE gn.+vfborDe Peppase o(fees OfWUos rat fi A—f ape EuSetCemplonCheyCureurayAMune-slan7Sjak~sheathed Ad}! ns J fe oo): yg me Whecurehuledsas eee UneEZCompedXihebakof Opened PAPUAfb1Gsus=theuuldingWGAwonderful,Sher thehulleus)es, uefiatanertioahm Sane Ae PSLenneend 7 dhé Hae Low er flanreel, and exhate1264»... Mahe Gaon[aes\ " o‘ w PRVe — WeDB) virtually iyoste Te fasoul dhe Ach,eémed icleley unadind - aK, ILDH wrar CLV ped "nite vndertpad Le Shue Shick ees o yte G 33 : ae, hrc - tes SPkies ahNa )th Mess coke Lnc€ object 7 44 eo) Onedo5r=,hin Lyi HAC] SHAE ge AA a y , t oie ayae ul ujf:z f i 5 die a7 by -Lose- Ada)z OUESEAGTS on fie peu “an npc sclukii / ” éca We, AMOK eyence yeleiued UspUptevEenAchack AAjen rane f{ ONG WA ao unate cA AJy MNe COUALLA, chaimbe { Un MANET 4 esPAF:ls- Ag ee fee ° ‘:VY MARKING LICHT OF (TALL eT", < vA 4 Ace much iG AYjusa AEN ZVicepAe“be"NdAusctlegn aha UiScheeA(PhareAICS', Hy SheMerltehansen Pyenud Se |succecadet Udddlioeensitedea fi | ‘ Shara, ( ef Gn UntmortalonLEK Jou-reaucrtcy aor a doz tcah conclurcen aks midcass®onApri.Sek,ak tice|shaofthe€nancial|esr,dhe Aun Cail [assuring t he ran Sh LSE ere A Ie oar CUN A tL fat Zhe peams etn ‘ulauc, x= *stunned Lane Jaf fp Gage h Me beduah concepcf,aefeLcoause Weheedark Aidf , a reedCicerLin ¢am) 4/limacracdandpPulitapectert1airecus” CEPR Fie res ous partic.QuanN had not hexSEES, reached Ute a URE/S,‘ INEobugdingoalseES AEULcAluide-a‘GilDdlence6SEUiC, berSheA.vev/4ee5meaneectofdikeae usd,NassmwichWAG a —— i ANEW,ietniporla?TiPFpleluwould{SUTNTNG1so de Sf nk Se UNE AfEdhimey A LW L=— Af ea 74 i_—____V, I1 = mi A alt aA lI \ aout { ieee te te EE sf i| a= |Y AS. 210.74. Fre SO THE NORTHAMPTON COUNTHALL. COMPETITION WAS WON BY A PYRAMIL.../ WONDER WHAT OTHER ANCig Tp ARCHITECTURAL FORMS Couch GE AMP TES To MODERA USASE ? STONEHENGE ESter¢ 1Grinding Local Council This ancient form was Used to Symbelise how one } Sectioonfthe Commumity isSacrificed for the rest, i 7 fncies dail one STATESEMBASSY,Santiago. Despite its rotting foundations this edifice yis skill Standing —thon leaning badly. OLIVOILL] BUILDING, Evroville One of the many triumphant monumeats erecked by this {International Foodstults Expire inevery Buroptan city. T DEDDENBURY County HALL. ThE inspiration for this building came fom a Pedieval CASH =coping weil witl Khe new problems oF Steurity and Particinrtion threats. FOOTBALL ASSocIATION HEARKQUARTERS . THIS design takes its fonn Appropriately i Enowah from an ancieutr MaysSoléum. The blact- i and white plastic dome was OF HiNdI4 Mast to light up.! ote eele \ 4 “wg of rl Ges | T 7 maf) PROPOSED NORTHAMPTONSHIRE COUNTY HALL Sa THE ENEMY BUILDS WITHIN US im "WAR IS PEACE FREEDOM (SSLAVERY IGNORPNICE ts STRENGTH" 7 ATH ISREALITY beSheMail ofTrut—uhresvertgly ifercat-fromay otherctyéctn. AgGhe,JEwiencar LOLS.Pytaaradakiii of iqWileOnGee, Jetting of,MenuceaferAerwe,2009 uleMeou... aback inAleve UsexeAre Mee otherbuings ef onlarafppenrane ALESRee heyweeMehemesofLheferAuivilitesAeticen.uSpeck _ Me onli oppacuuaa of gevenmek LAA dink, ie ee ee eaparadigin(MeLOK:Cenluri). ee ; eee aaa, Ege ,orAcusersble hag thelands public Le ae Lesa ar Me hiliibulesofMhe a, ey ff etiiin; LA fre eg Ark Me Nia of -sudler : gocude,anhuplalunUecerslretiiaond2dlcgubtheruse ciptuwane cies AE FpEH real? 23 jis clean Maa ELECTRIC FORTRESS ____(GurmrellyOder) _ tite fanatic, The pyrnuds mouttann Sher marueh fer us Lela ark Ste ave cathed alrof the pas exlgided humanitgs capactiogey and ednategies te peduce avchicle fr eacing heaven. Curenlij, he —vinesk menue couldn culculfic we Dhse built orth De malls feacuces A sation! defence buds ord Shoveutdlecieg te umssk adianced of auruluable Fechadesics . Wher fe Tes Mteindo & dhuevemenks UN. mechanrsalcen es & pap /un the puldan, machiré,, ond of mens: lEdactog'cal electronic uswardey un Ie vdustral machine, (Neehereseesiatelieleceenaenutdrey—ndurtrcah2 conpler. cloak secrecy ,the resultis the masedieme mantestalien of car AGUNG uasariti ds huneagley praciteal i SheresutkisMieCeti Sate. ats CIR GUNISCRIBEDESOUIS MWe (LAN 6T UsoMAN. OY- Gp-of- che -street us fut nomally aurue of tke awwATedscaineeAeeeresetahonuencruy physical HMriere, athe Nan coca wudble oulpas, b — Cucumsertbes He enti exifence & each and even soul onthe lebe, Ee drbematcanalley jie censidates he nerve ayer of the Jrgges® Ura 1: Ss : ea oe : ah)oe septs Macdue ofaltone, inpeceGne babe camtes eledowe z AeHe masses through Ui costtales an immense nekof power connecting Rey qovernmes— atures ,dnd wlémaslly in Griturn, U udeowtlSrsthat‘order’canbe“nauttinedtsTheLekofAoudk, unec& and cuuren he enen & urthins and dc is the qovernmes Cy and os one usihe woman hay Ada. , ‘Sb hard ke fight aA nen whe Ads oulpcste 7 gor Nead. ns :,aa SOLERI'S HUMAN —V} CITY CENTRE PUBLIC a =] ~~ - Con- \* a3 ¢—_ ONS 6tA Um QOro TAY > £ CA |hh sO inita : ao>i —~ y* Nes LN A\ €aeeimoe ed ANTHEAPS vo VERT CAL TAKE-OFF AUR ever” Ti a WHAT RRE THESE AN HIL (DEASOFTHIS MAN) POBLERI? ONE MAN CANNOT DESIGN For THE MASSES. |WANT AHOME, NOTA HOLE of WORLD ClT Vater Dexésals, baren) The surviving cify (below) as a complex of moying units connecting tunnel-linked towers embracing compactly a “.arter of a million people housed, fed, transported, working and entertained in a controlled environment. Cars are significantly absent, conveyor-belt seats taking care of movement between units. This vision of what could be is a machine for living linked with a supply of energy from a network of nuclear reactor islands for which plans have already been developed by concerned experts -NOVANOAH 1~FL0AmINGCITYFor40,000peorte! — MONUMENTA! MANIFESTATION OFAN IMPOSED IDEOLOGY IN A CONCRETE MONSTER... WE WANT DECENT HOUSING " — OMe oF THE ‘BARRORANNERS’ ATA HOUSING CONFEREKE (N 125 ANGELC ,SEPT: 1972. /IMHATDOYouMEAN2— 3 "YOU WANNA Go outside! _ Main GPO microwave system. The chain of concrete touxss| GIVES asabotase- proof link between the mapr cities, and isevidently intended -to safeguard government communicaticns during 6time civil disturbance. The rest Fite system serves radar anda Varjegy of other sites, [t is interesting how several newly built BBC A2TY transmitters seem to bei 4 Serve, (E neccesarf, as microwave | relay stafions. 2 ae : ; Lite byAlteMhe-AdworkolldieotsNeossariakformsnewmodes3 WHILE (HERE (S DEATH.... ANARCHISM LS THE ONC POSSIBLE IPGSPONSE, The movement is trily decatolit, the altemalire soridy has as balances, onsrules,26 huildsanyrhceandevenyuthereia mynad-fomyand chaguines;eefenetmanyAuchcomununtiedbukherwegourond Lite.(fiadaGtfifh,dups_redrug)is-fectirgsublleardpervarice untlucrce on Lhe petential mytics ,dredmes, romantics, hecctics, Arep-ould, revelutionanes and confured Aculy eralleusing in Hie que ound freces te the dincsaut nods. When these ana, Gru oltemplh aka neo uml marifes® theirs’ in urlding They abusasys produce asiltoy )SUrpasnd tmag nahi and. duynan gedled (esponsecd de putting roots cverthedds iene Clie te he wort orlecof weucty we cre fous surbrugele te —~ hameuters, hoot clowning vindictive, dull )Kepetlaie and utter, inwman,. She members of sdccesfuk communkies core ; nie nd wredhases, A and ambdlign care rangers tA iia Min ges dand ~ Spud as TheJNhascelsséemMEculeoutdestinyArtutileMeisedeath LtéeUshope.Lhedecaytssleadyende,r tedlay)aticaethedoum qruseyael ,al Le Uscks ard monotiis ure de tembetmes. dhe.megavrtes CannceAwe,LSbel;isnewsusaslingua}LiensJaofcrnukliet~ Lheohtsrancing ,adthemoileNexrd Nees withhe unberrable usegikcf 4 -Compressed dig ~te dinesautsae onTheataces.hontea ere ee a6Bah eclilin may tun Adtealifier couse, or will thresh and {ack ia pan olestisying exer lland) areuad Then as they fall te ther dedtK and led heaianhetla ofdernalrygor=ort WHERE DO WE GO FROMHERE ? I3 ff<adlance ell tthe Ux pace: Far Mhah, use muse Prepac cutelues Lastly. wfG: Comet —, oe Slarratien and nusen) dor She monster means life ard pleat forthe uorths peoples, gure eta Ake slarralicn and muser of mas& of the ustds peoplesnoward a.the pas has<rsutedThe dade drdhconter of;Li-morbel Vhsupland,Hidrevstilien,hottequaandts Conusd Aetherand meving Aaszns Gots obfutire uttere— Aumanty is returning tis ze.and Te etcthK isbend healed, hey The unpessble uwperscble w 5 as uk and dis UK. fc Ses “i <r of) L subsite : oe Adil,fiedAy f4 aAWG .e/,=arealeA CELL KPT ENE- of“nef 2 ‘yii.fa./ Q LifewanbuldirgWDAlOLrE, deShepresenshitMieMeseedsofthehutare,(herthe Ca Hanes EN nel the temps ond 4 kes we woven, thee+ ae A i), ‘ “AA ee a dine uhenr Me lapesy of Ae ib 4brond ond. peat ,when Hhe— :i intheusbaroundyonuntanytingLeis!OEhanteceheicebok mareofourlfe efereuaandBee saLeefettheperedsLebeam as ucll ad a greak-deal They hase ¢te ansuet fof- (ask Goodman ts ameng® mare ust Aauseartiulated apith & cur time: Menspifolrpatriadg.oalsLzy canelbelieix,liyourd we oheenaléd. Cneer cnliaerk Lhee cscess Urbanitasten Conditonh, APE reel auliorly,forilcsneCanly irmareh LoK. Alaaseon ile : Aelia a he onlyfowble esponoe— 927 ~ Le only poss ble Espotre ~ reper ,vuinay speculslecn “on,crackRea declelxentes ,arA ignoruvce— vodiHfatesalofTrileoplimatce.,taybalancedees. and Ke wold & headed Muar <ciytick disaslel, Under Le ye 4. TES aliTA *%'iy IE was ourhope to combine the efficient andEcologically sound principles of Communism withthe«citingandunpredictableforcesofcreative,anarchy. re We wanted itbath ways . fierce individuality within atight communistic, tribsl-frameuoce. Que experience £0-£3r has proven that the tuo ideclogies are notneccessarily exclusive-... ee * aHii Haan AAAhe oNa & r - cs Me cellent (Ml Vheltibyx” LaelKbp (Et) frome 4c . 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Gerd 29-12-74 IAodhaninee eh (exshical) Gebruary (2)1974 wlaller Gre gael Mastin (aude Phe Itt feeren ae oe pe Cp orea |Beet LViilages R43 Gctdsedk queted ba cf.eels a Qeseted Nilesces PAB a6GalaeneraesRowfiemnhigiucyélRenided”1965 a Cesky ts &play the cuuemmek game 96-77 20 zsh e ers ro Cngcthien MAES OTS A) BI-lO-73 P1026 tee Sree Ko.t. UU ane Gut ed nwResurcuce VOL.5.,N06 P32 vtaul ieee uted WulamtedsepatAL(OatsSow hea3s 225 oo, eourcrdtion wstha frend. , ie 0 Robles (aekiés diet’) 20-\-15 BIBLIOGRADHY AUTHOR, TITLE ,PUBLISHER BOOKS ER ithanrk.Szezelkun+SuawalSuapbeckt~Shelter+Uacam Boks1912 TILE ,DATE Anlutzcts \umah+Odeber24% 1973 Wchizds loumah+Odsber alst IMS “he Gaily leap Magarine+1:.526 Decernber201914 Resugence © Nek, (ls.( jue IGIZ Réuqewe * Vt5, (10.6 part 1q1S Undercurrent{16.7jee 4a 1974 bebimenthly(aprer)-fromUnderumetLisd, Underunentaefle. Oderersllnember1974 LISGuchleyRead,LonvossNif3 OJHERL KJsilier+DesertedMilages +Mact&aGnLid.1910 ymeur Buteancels + She Buslding Regulation 1965 * HMSO (19 <dikan) 40e . de te (Neclem Aratutectare © Architects al Rees 1g6Z Stenaiet Brand (dite) + She Larclihele Aust Cities » Crtda Snstitate 170 lees »Cleeelly~Hos Crosbu, ° mite? the eusionmene game ° engin (V73 rad Herimeticancitg >RilMallRes 1973 Quit&QrermalGeeclunan° ula ~nedasoflusctihood&asapf,fife+Vidiage/|RandonHs.\]4ie RobertGoedman+AdtertheHannes +Rebar197Z. Ulam tedaepath & Wena Sticke »SheAtemabie~-CemunalLifeInfleartnesics «Macilulanitc Reber:Hourict« eee tice+Wbacun/Spheebarks 1973 oRahn(2) 73 °GrterQubtictinn1913alooDemebok2=defied —— Wiham Merin -(leas Strom Nouhere +Rerilted ge & began fuck (1770 <didzn) ee _ Secs Moraferk > he Myth of the aching + Crd (Under Aahte cour» again 1949 (i913 ele n) AN. Richards»AnIitrudtie€n VedemAchitetixe °felizan1940renied1910ditzn) te finttle AydtanyGees+Hanes,tem&Gaffe+doberEGabetd1976521968 PERIODICALS Qu Lata «leMedemMoremeditelitetiveandConeakAclitectaralAtila ea syedeticaly,QtitalyardAolegcalyUntnable +»wsrdbalil: Qu0*e Vania? BUT... % WSR (Tay i913 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Paul F Downton Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Murray Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Jan-75 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/0688d798260e37d9b0748d51a89fa6f5.pdf 34dd3ac67aaa11f4fced58b6b60472c8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Liaison Group Including London Group Subject The topic of the resource Liaison Groups: NAM was initially structured as local groups. There was also a Liaison Group whose role was to coordinate the different groups, deal with correspondence and arrange the next annual conference. NAM campaign groups, which were largely autonomous, worked across local groups to develop their ideas. They arranged their own conferences and reported through SLATE and annually to the NAM Congress. The seven different campaign groups listed had members from a variety of local groups. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Various Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976-1979 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 2nd London Seminar Subject The topic of the resource Programme for event (2) National Design Service Report Description An account of the resource SECON D LONDON SEMINAR prograniine : TIME 10.00 INTRODUCTION toNAM. 11.00 Coffee break 11.15 ARCUK discussion 12.30 Lunch 13.30 UNIONISATION: the case for the organisation of private practice 14.45 EDUCATION | discussion 16.00 Tea break SPEAKERS Tom Woolley Ken Pearce Ken Thorpe John ay ae Bob Maltz Giles Pebody John Mitchell Rodney Mace Andrew Fekete 16.153 OPEN DEBATE & SUMMING UP (from the chair) JINGUAGHAOI, Ha. DOAK Od VoAAHIN SeeeESE Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Liaison Group Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Murray Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 01 May 1976