12 10 310 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/3e3ff6a44957cdfafe12c519b7acbd38.pdf 4f7521615a5bdc0b6a2358527e59cc87 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Professional Issues Description An account of the resource A cohort of NAM members became engaged with the professional registration body, standing as elected councillors on the Architects Registration Council and its various committees. Hitherto entirely dominated by the RIBA bloc, the Council began to yield to a new dynamic through NAM's involvement, enabling fresh perspectives on such issues as mandatory fee scales, greater lay representation on the body, ethically-based standards of professional conduct, etc. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Letter from G Adams to Michael Jencks on RIBA Subject The topic of the resource Letter from G Adams to Michael Jencks on RIBA - U/A numbers of Council seats (4pp) Description An account of the resource RIBA/UNATTACHED Numbers & ARCUF% Council Seats When I enquired at ARCUF- on the numbers seats for RIBA & unattached for 1989/90 as calculated 31 act-aber 1 eag I was surprised t (3 learn that Year RIBA NC'S Seats Unattached NC'S ea7 13 1 gag 661 C) 14 1 gag 21373 0 6 C) I gag(a) 20973 6 a 50 14 +175 +240 As you know I keep a record af these statistics, & the changes for 1989 are completely against the long term pattern. This has shown a cans tant increase of the unattached % of total numbers & seats. I was told that at the RIBA Council on 2 November 1 gag, there was a very large number of resignations from RIBA which had not yet been processed or given to ARC.UR . If this number was about 400, then the RIBA & ARCUK figures would all change & give a result more in line with past trends as shown as 1 gag (a) above. Since the unattached numbers & seats are calculated by deduction of all constituent numbers from the total, they are at risk if the constituent numbers are inaccurate. If the RIBA wished to keep up their numbers & not disclose their true Iosses by resignations they could delay processing all their resignations until after 31 act-aber & still claim that those who had resigned were still RIBA members for the purpose of ARCUK count. This might be shown if you asked to see the RIBA numbers processed after 31 October. I think you should look into this matter . yo s sincerely, G R Ad ants Dr Michael Jenks Continuing Educatio a Unit Oxford Polytechnic Gipsy Lane Heading ten oxford ox•a OBP page 1 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource G Adams Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived JA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 15.11.88 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/a2e2296d5a95428e07f847ae097cdad9.pdf 4cace7ef646cd8e0cc90f297cc1cccb9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Professional Issues Description An account of the resource A cohort of NAM members became engaged with the professional registration body, standing as elected councillors on the Architects Registration Council and its various committees. Hitherto entirely dominated by the RIBA bloc, the Council began to yield to a new dynamic through NAM's involvement, enabling fresh perspectives on such issues as mandatory fee scales, greater lay representation on the body, ethically-based standards of professional conduct, etc. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Letter to Tom Wooley re constitution of ARCUK and RIBA control. (12 pp total) Description An account of the resource OAK COTTAGE, PADLEY MEWS, GRINDLEFORD, SHEFFIELD, S30 1HP 16 April 1987 Hope Valley 31084 Dear Tom, Thank you for your kind letter of 12 February 1987 & this is very much appreciated. Now that the dust is settling 4 little , I have been thinking about the consequences of recent events. I shall be resigning from the RIBA as I do not think that can stay 4&4member that treats any contrary opinion or minority view with such distain. I think that there has been = change of view by other minorites on ARCUK & a permanent political shift; non-RIBA members will no longer trust the RIBA & are likely to vote against their block vote. This means that the unattached & mon-RIBA members could gain control of ARCUK within 5 years. I enclose notes on the situation which you might like to discuss with your colleagues. Vva = incerely, GR Adams. Dr Tom Wooley School of Architecture Humberside College of Higher Education Strand Close Hull HUZ OBT page 1 ty (D to Notes NUMBERS esent disagreements with RIBA are about cont rol rather than education. RIBA is concerned that if ARCUEK takes on more responsibilities, this will lead to an increase in ARCUK retention fee & make architects more likely to not join or resien from RIBA thus leading to long term Weakness division in the profession The attached chart shows the lone term trends. Since 1972 RIBA numbers have stuck at 20,000 to 20,500 giving 40 to 42 seats. The statutory numbers have remained at 13. The -~RIBA canstituent bodies have fallen from 8 to 6. The unattached have risen from 5 to 13 The update of ARCUK numbers at 15 April 1987 shows these trends continuing, with RIBA (20462) -1 & unattached (6771) 41. But these fisures could change by 31 October, the count date. With a big effort, if unattached could gain 230, they would gain 2 seats for 1968. The average increase on the register in the past 5 years isoc 423, & in the past 4 years 514. Tt seems that most of the new architects do not join RIBA but prefer to register only Because of the number of students at the nools this increase of about 500 per a continue for at least the next 6 to 7 years. At this rate,, the unattached would gain 4 to 5 seats in the next & years Since 1977, the AA has lost 2 seats. If all the non RIBA bodies had a drive tol nereasse their numbers they could gain extra seat1s:. Because double representation is allowed, if AA & STAMP in particular could accept each others membeers, & get to 1001 & 501 respectively, then each would fain 1 seat. If FAS & TAAS also reciprocated & each got to S01, they would each fain 1 s When the Order in Council ifs approved, all EEC architects will be able to get on the ARCUK register. The Irish are most likely to benifit. They have put forward both University Collese & Bolten Street Schools, producing 80 graduates per annum. RIBA has only recognised University College. Because oa shortage of work in Eire, the #resat majority of the eraduates go abroard &£ most come to UE, particularly Ulster. They may be reluctant to join RIBA because page i on ARCUE i5 April 1987 oO (D hy ti oO ej or (0 Tg 4 of the high subs & most will become unattached. They are likely to come from:- a RIAI members wanting a business address in UE or already here. b Non RIAT now working in UE. Cc New graduates from the 2 schools. If a lot of publicity was given to these opportunties both in UE & Eire, & 501 registered in next 5 years a unattached could gain 2 seats. Pecause RIBA is commiting itself to high expenditure in UIA, expansion at No 66, more staff for regions & also facing loss of revenue temporally from their Companies moving to Sxpensive accomodation, RIBA subs are likely to increase at more than average rate of inflation ot 5%. The sub might increase from £ISS to £168 if at 52 & near £180 if more. There may be an increasing number who will not be Willing to pay & will not join or resign. This may lead to the loss of some say 3 seats over 5 yeare. The possible changes might be :- 1987 1988 1984 1990 i991 RIBA 424140ag38 Statutory i3 13 13 is i3 NonConst 6778S Unattached is 13 i3 i3 13 Annual -1234 EEC -1i22 RIBAresign - 1 2 3 4 Total NonRIBA 32 36 3a 42 4a The Statutory nominees used to vote with RIBA, but because of recent events they are concerned at the Bbulldesinge by RIBA with their majority on ARCUE. Several are likely to vote against or abstain in the future & RIBA can no longer take these votes for eranted. k The 5& non-RIBA constituent bedies, particularly FAS & IAAS, are also concerned & are likely to vote aeainst RIBA if it attempts to block ARCUE development page 2 RIBA can no longer rely on 100% support from its own nominees. a Several resent the cynical removal of Adams & Hinton from Council. Bb Many resent being treated as voting fodder & will abstain, vote against or not attend Council of RIBA nominees averages can only generally count on 30 votes, @xcept at the AGM where a 3 whip is imposed. Less pressure is December meeting at which the rete is agreed for the next year. d Many RIBA members drift off after tea. On gs occasions in the past RIBA has been in a minority. For these reason of 42 to 32 is t which raises strong feelings or if RIBA tries to force through policies in its own interests. Page 3 Qt iQ TT oF rt > {Dp co My (D fe a i a a iD be ip Ww ij i it w Co ( b GP changed. They reviewed & brought in computers staff numbers to cope load. Thies was strongly scenes since they could ie a sine registrar will also have to be support staff member will ARCUE lease of YS Hallam Street 25 December 1989 & it is possible 4000 sq ft will be greatly increased:- @ £25 @ £30 FINANCE The general policy of RIBA is to allow ARCUEK to do as little as possible, keep work dow & tightly control all expenditure. In 1985-86, the updated all ga Londen standar insurance sche & word procees with the increasing work resisted by RIBA_ behind the not oppose this openly. reviewed. It is also probable Ss, brought introduced 3 pension & life £i00,000 increase £120,000 increase £ 73,000 £ 93,000 £2.43per head £3.1 per head for ARCUR discussed To agree review of all new From EEC At £13 ARCUK goes into the red extra costs & will have spent reserve regulations arising in 1988 even without all the general fund all staff, & increased page i load & staff salaries them up to average that an additional have to be appointed. is due for revision that the rent for bo in) ta| rt oO ib oO OFA Iect p (D oD cb oO iD There is now a further increase in work load from education & EEC, & all know that-ARCUK cannot cope without more staff. This centres on the appointment of a Secretary to BAE. RIBA intends to black this ment by deferring a de t can make as long as Council revers vious “deseShon. If the retary of BAF is 00 range hen the salary of If larger offices are needed for more staff bigger increases are possible. BAE will be asked to hold 4 meetings annually instead of 2 to cope with increased work load on education. Because of the increased numbers on BAF each meeting Will cost about £3000. Since the unattached now have more than 10 members on Council, they can call extra Council meetings at £2000 , without Council agreement. Such meetings might be needed for: a If RIBA try to overturn past setts ies b When Order in Council approved & implications For all these reasons an increase in retention fee is inevitable in the next 5 years Possible retention fees are: 1987 1988 1989 1990 1994 Fee £i2 £1i3 £i6 £20 £20 Income @ 30K SB90000 390000 48680000 6ng0cgm 600000 RIBA is trying to regain control of F & GP & replace Francis Goodail with Alan Groves. The decisions of F & GP will be critical i ex years on the staff levels, new lease & retention fe The Registrar retires in 3 to 4 years.RIBA would like to get him to go earlier as they regard him as too independent & want some-one more docile who will not oppose RIBA policy. RIBA administers & publishes all Joint Contract Tribunal documents & makes some money from it. The contractors & sub contractors want to take it from RIBA & make JCT independent. Robert Johnson is a barrister & legal advisor on RIBA staff & adminsters ICT. If RIBA lose JCT, © ohnseon would be redundant. RIBA would like him to be the next registrar. He is a quiet man & would be an RIBA puppet. With his legal & architectural experience, he would be a strong candidate. RIBA wants to get their nominees in place to make this appointment in the next 3 years & to do this must control F & GP & staff sub-committee. If the unattached & non-RIBA members wish to gain control of ARCUEK Council, they must:- a Ensure that BAE has joint or total control of visiting boards & recognition. b Appoint Secretary of BAE & support staff. c Get ARCUK to spend on more activities & staff, so that the retention fee increases & more are likely to be unattached. page 2 iQ FROM THE ROSCOE PROFESSOR OF ARCHITECTURE JOHN NELSON TARN, B.ARCH., PH.D., F.R.1.B.A., F.R.HISTS. THE LIVERPOOL SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE AND BUILDING ENGINEERING LEVERHULME BUILDING ABERCROMBY SQUARE P.O. BOX 147 LIVERPOOL L69 3BX The University of Liverpool INT/VSD. Mre Bob Adams , Oak Cottage, Padley Mews, GRINDLEFORD, Derbyshiree Dear Bob, TEL: 051 — 709 -6022 TELEX NO: 627095 UNILPL G Ext.2914. 16th April, 1987. a A number of things have happened at ARCUK since I took over as Chairman which require my action. . The Architects Directive Working Group is coming to the end of its job and I think it is sensible that the present group should be disbanded. For this coming session I intend to constitute an advisory group consisting of myself, Kenneth Taylor, Alan Groves and David Waterhouse. David, being in London, will be able to answer and respond quickly to any issues which arise from DOE. He, of course, has all the experience, too. My best wishes. Yours sincerely, a I understand that you intend to be present at the CLAEU Meeting in Granada on the 29th April. Neither Kenneth Taylor nor myself will be present and in order that the situation may be legally correct I have asked Alan Groves to formally represent me and ARCUK. I think it is not possible for you to do this since you are no longer however, enclosing the papers which were sent to ARCUK, since these are the only set, I understand, which we possess. Kenneth Forder tells me that you wish to retain the Chairmanship on the J.C.AeRe I do not think that this is possible, since you are not on Council, and I believe that the constitution of the group will have tp be Kenneth Taylor and myself, as the two surviving members with experience of the meetings in September, and Alan Groves, who is the most recent past Chairman , still on Council. a member of Council. I am, I hope you will understand that I find this letter a somewhat distasteful one to have to write, but it seems to me that it is better for me to clear the air about the formal issues now. I am greatly saddened by the events of the last few weeks, more particularly because it inevitably means a constraint between you and me after many years of friendship which go back to my early days in Sheffield. Inclse CLAEU papers - I should be grateful if you would please let me have these back. BS, nyse’ Ls ea ATHSMASWSAW deneweenmeeeneecamemeeepee canemeetmeeeMeeesaneSeenSaneBeneSOnsGeesSaeHSOHOESsaessumsBaasFaneeensHemeHOee = c SISATIYNY ANON LNANLILSNOD SOLLSTILVLS ATO LNSANLTILSNOS O€dNS $4aM TS39¥d28/v0/ETSALVA WAILSASNOTIVMISTOAM"NIO°NMY evt 6yTée B22 OTT Ore A250 EPVOE Le 86 TTS 9 888 oa 882 ATHSYAAWAW WLOL ATHSMASWAW AWOH PETOL Bed same8 a E0B2L¢ ails NO S.LOSLTHOMY TA29 LS9t S¥VASMAAO WAHOP LLYNA AWLS YoIM AOXA SyvV¥I SV raO9D ANOS JNEIITLNSNLOSD yey Architects Registration Council of the United Kingdom , MEMORANDUM TO: G R Adams Esq REF: JLW/FR FROM: J L Walker. Accountant LEASE 73 HALLAM STREET BATH: lo Tanuary buh? = every 7 years from 25 December 1975, Therefore the next increase is cue trom 25 December 1989, PROJECTED INCREASE Enquiries made with Messrs Knight Frank & Rutley in January this r year, resulted in an estimate for a competitive rent for the type ot accommodation we presently enjoy of £25.00 per square foot. Present 3978 . @ £6.78 £27,000 p.a Prajected 4000 @ £259.00 £100,000 pa Increase _£73,000 pia (or £2.43 per Architect) This calculation does not allow for any increase in accommodation that may be required for an Education Department Staff. HAS 0 FOR Sve ERIsEeS OR Paep NEEL SCF Brfotsery MCMEFRS Wralty aor > “ 6 cee y 966 G7 Ge 69 fo Fo Fe 73 Zh 7 (FRB Hs =—Spo/ysee. GANS. =He Cath CE _levkornsve SRG, (WOSO FA I ARLE:Tort nesi Commembemes Bapies. |AAS - FAS.> AA- VOUS tT LESS STAMP: PFO A530¢.3 THDN S JSEAT for Sco MEMBERS Oe PART TULLE. UH ATTACHED: | | |Séer For: ‘S00 mgm Be25 StarBops+ oy Const 6o0y SEOTS, OR PaRY THERZOF. Riga. —BA ae iGo. 08 = ee+ 85 86 heudS—tree Gegheaecapree POM ATIAgH Ret. 91 92 a 1 AncueHM +4500 /yesy, Ae ursecr Hs5 ¢ a [occ Se sdeut|hs#800/vesn ! ! eae | | ARcuK Saunele MEMBERSHIP StaeuToRs.| fet AB RiBA SEATS .. .,—47 -| at :483 sen /yean. i. Spratt CoMs ot UNATIDEH SEATS. ba ion ert1 85. ei 67 88 BD Ye | | Py eg | | =hecece gO Lesieee a=a eeyee ACH MEMBERStHE THs. Ae CAMciL AS ar 1983 Novem Ber 1903 Spets—710.- | : 1966 | 1967] (960] (969) 1970] 1971 | 1972 | (973 | 19Te | 97S | 1976 11977] 1978 Y 2904 179 | isto] (981 | [962] IED ]I9e4 | I9US] ISeE| 19ET7] PEG | 1969 11990 Jiggs | 199Z / Tome Alar HS. |21577121325] 21652] 21947) 22395] 23069! 2372e|24S99]ZS344|25559]25Go4]26225 as73} 2 fern 127878| 27636] 27653) WaT4 deere]29%¢| Zoces| Jese+|Bocc| WS5ee|32] S2seu|Tose TOTAL RIGA Mess ]16e89/( 7103] i7Sehi7573 |)7754 [1es67 |i9ze4liy6s9 ]19975 frosts] r02e9] 19bie] 19702 re|zosae] 2061|20.478] (9926| 20173|20462) Zo7Ee 6&9 24 % 79-00 Bor2o} 7993] Bore)|79-26] CO-4H Vi-U7| 79-9 A Y 708s] Se iG] 79-0() 24-81 |74 4 6-37] 74-49 |74-50] 73-51] 69°99] 69-96] 6944 169.5 toTac CNarincd N°S [2297 [2195 | 2260/2300 | 136s | 2a5e | 22e2 | 2636 | 209] 2737] Bi2e |aize | ajen| de Lo-7TS} lorol| (O-AA4] 10°48} Jo+S7] (OVES |I-62| (aGF} rol | per7HI2-ci fis-7h| [o-So|| 12| [Get] (T+4.4) 17-79] (9-60 ]20-01|20-94] 2-39 ARCUE COUMICIC RiBA SEATS. 34a|34|35|36|36|3H 139|ae|ae] Alf At|Ao|Ae | A2|az|4b} 4°|AY|Ay|age Nor RIGA SeaTs STB wIUtey 3 fF id fF IS FR yrs Fad fous fF iS fF ss fF vB] 4B Jus fas 3 | iS Ftd Fs PIs frs }w CONS JAAS 2 \ ( I ( \ ( ( ‘ ( ( ( ( , \ FAS ( \ ( \ \ ( \ ( ( ( ‘ ( ( ( ( ( ! \ l ( ( ( AA 4A{lAalAl al A] 4) 4] 4) A] AL 4 Cg| 8 2 2| 2 ~a}2}re2truire2eflyoutejyr2frui2z2 fez sramp.| | ( \ ( ( \ ‘ ' ( | ( ( \ t \ { 3 ( \ \ ( ( \ { ( \ PRY \\\(\((( SusTora. au{2I1 2)|21|zy fo2t fatfj2y|2t 21, 2) |i re | ONAtzeh s}S}s]s}s [sts |6é 76|6 ]7| 9Po | | abje| sez | agsé| soe2] 5019 | 697 6356 | Uys ' i\(\\ :(\ ‘9 go fw fis io|wo} to} 2 fiz; | qteracmenpioal27|26|26|26|26] 26|26|27|27|27|ze|bo|2y zy {2|29|29 43!) 31 {32|se torasteve.Sess Sf|GO} 61162] 6a fea|bs|67|67|6%|69|70| OS 69|71|7)|7o|7)| 172 473|74|75|76177|7e|73 | 1 ‘| A -':*ii : | 20952|29593 [L974 yw] 2 (sf ud Pts pas ((!|!\({(!\\ 4\((((({\| ig} ty () | 09 ig] t9 \9 9 | ty ((\‘ 7 JS Allan Avanti Architects Limited Date 39/41 North Road LONDON N7 9DP Dear friend TW/EK 27 April 1987 I believe we need to meet soon to discuss: (i) the appointment of the education secretary’ Best wishes TW! TOM WOOLLEY Enc . Ourref 0%HUMBERSIDE COLLEGE Qo of Higher Education Strand Close Hull HU2 9BT Telephone (0482) 25938 School of Architecture Your ref I enclose a copy of a wonderfully helpful letter from Bob Adams. In view of this I think it essential that we all meet to discuss future strategy and tactics. Ken Forder agreed to pay our expenses to meet and I think we should take him up on this. This can either be arranged in London or I can offer Hull as a venue (which might be a more relaxed place to meet). As Alastair usually acts as co-ordinator, I will leave it to him to find a date. In the past our pre-meetings are rarely 100% attended, often I miss them myself, and I think that we should all make a superhuman effort to get together at least once. I also think we must use the advantage of numbers to continue to split RIBA voting, which means everyone attending meetings. For instance if Les Porsyth can't manage to come to meetings, he should stand down in favour of Andy Earl who I think is next on the voting list, especially as his boss is now ARCUK Chairman! (ii) the panel visit on the RIBA exam (iii) what Bob Adams says about getting publicity to lift our numbers for this year's count (iv) our power to call special council meetings (v) how we can raise funds to organise ourselves better (perhaps employ— ing a part-time secretary) (vi) how to counter RIBA plans to replace Forder (vii) how to exercise more influence on F + GP over financial decisions. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource G Adams Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Allan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 16.4.87 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/51a6a6bfef61c7e6c12fab2b17c84b65.pdf 8e3764da03130a9a4c3befd4ff10576f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Brian Anson/ARC pre and post Harrogate Subject The topic of the resource Various documents describing ARC ideas and activities See below Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource ARC Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975-1976 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Colne Valley Future Subject The topic of the resource Report on situation in Colne Valley Yorkshire and how to stabilise employment Description An account of the resource COLNE WALLEY FUTURE. Society will accept the consequences ot such phenomena for the sake of ‘economic growth’, but to recognize the social irresponsibility in doing so. ‘The Welfare State has developed as a buffer to administer social aneasthetic in the wake of such is in this humanely undignified state its part in the‘national interest* and reacned a stage where both publie and private enterprise Scale, supnort the ‘spent’ lifestyle or its indigenous lation. Concurrent with this there is the populations indecisiveness, fostered by two centuries of paternalistic and benevolent employers. The few the valley are predominantly using rial accommodation as a sprinboard my. this practice 1s socially negative ions to such areas problems; 1t 1s not the evolvmng saviour ot tne community it is perported to be in most quarters. cont/ it is blatantly unwilling disruntion. the Volne Valley at present, it has played will not actively, on any popu- small industries going into the areas now cheap indust— into the capitalist econo- in finding real solut-— 1ARCHITECTS 16th MSee : “{REVOLUTIONARY COUNCIL ay nyi. The Colne Valley which runs west from Huddersfield to the foot of the Pennines, was at the very heart of the industrial revolution; the veritable womb of the economic expansion of Britain. For over two hundred years it has been sending fabrics to every corner of the globe. Lt grew from a primarily domestic weaving area, into a factory based, multi- disciplinary textile industry, that encompassed every fascet of woolen and worsted fabric production. It has predominantly flourished on the high quality of these products. Because of the Tapid growth and high concentration of fabric production in the Colne Valley, older,established fabric producing areas, Oxford, Norfolk and Devon in particular, © were sent into a rapid decline, socially and economically, towards the end of the 18th Century. The complaint today is that Korea, Taiwan, Isreal and the Eactern European States are, through their more modern and economic production methods, putting the Colne Valley industry, into the same kind of decline. une could be capitalistically negative and accept this kind of situation to be all part of a spectrum of continued world growth and market expansion and accept the social consequences as inevitable. The vain attempts to impose import limits and hign taritfs on foriegn fabrics are no solution to the stable industry of the Colne Valley, the odds against any stringent limitation being imposed, are nign. Such areas are expected to flounder within a capitalist economy, sooner or later in the market cycle, society being conceited enough to believe itself eo diverse and highly developed that things Will readjust without any adverse effects. The fact that the indigenous population, young, old, industrially active or socially sedated, all suffer in some way,seems irrelevant. The fact tnat social reLationships, networks and activities © are all diversidy affected by such economic decline appears unimportant. Forced migration and fremily rupture in the ensuing depopulation, is readily accepted and budgetted for. C Il PERCY STREET LONDON WI. Ol. 636-0974 -EXT 27 At a time when everyone is beginning to realize the pitraiis of mass urbanization, such delicately balanced semi-rural settiements as exist in the destroyed. the piignt of such areas is only too well known , yet society seems content degenerate and become satellites devoid of the randamental affinitys for any human settlement. valley must not have their cultures to encourage them to socially for our large urpan centres, that are the primary vase Because of their location, Ee CereD ey and climate the small towns and villages of the Colne Valley are ideaity situated, with some assistance, to firmly dictate their own aestiny. The answer does not lie with the Tourist Board, the CBi, the Champers of Commerce or the Trade Unions. It lies witn the indigenous popuiation. It is not anticipated that this pop- ulation, to gain social justice, will need to barricade the A62 Trunk Road, or aynamite the Huddersfield=— Manchester Railway. but an awareness of their own potential and precarious future couid prove powerful enough for such measures to be contempbted ana inaeea seriously worked out, should the need arise. ‘thougn nara neaaed and basically conservative in nature tne Colne Valiey peuple know the meaning of the word justice. In the few attempts to identify or stud the are the usual solutions such as ‘stimlate Lnventnanerinn cee machinery,(politicians/financiers) or ‘attract new light industries, (anti pollution brigade) or develop it as a tourist area (conservationists) have all been quoated from varying sources. These are not solutions, they are stop gaps/ e€go—boosters/ and self interested activists token gestures, steeped in patronizing and charitable cliches about tne ‘character and social history" of the area. The plain facts are that the Colne Valley, its resources and its people, have been exploited, and that unless a humane interest is shown in the lives and lifestyles of its people, further exploitation will take place. The outward signs of a more subtle exploitation are now manifesting themselves in the area, Many of the houses in the older attractive areas or valley, such as Golcar, are becoming cheap commuter havens. People who have no respect tor the'peoples history’ are busily conserving everything with a smattering ot sentiment or quaintness. A gradual beautufication of the area is seen by the middle class activista as being of ‘real benefit to the villagers’. E Capitalism, entreprenaur speculation and mass industrializa- tion, have bred a imowlng tenacity amongst the population, wno are not unaware of the negative social changes at present occurring. The primary satisfaction most people found an aff- inity in throughout the area, was the pride of imowing that the fabrics the area produced were of the highest quality. The acute division of labour in tne textile industry is at last begining to erode this singular motivation, 1t 1S mostly manifest in the attitude of the young toward the textile mils. No public or private agency able to regenerate employment for the valley snows any concern for the migration of the Natives, the ensuing industrial and domestic blight or the Spirit of the people. The primary course of action is the creation of a diverse and rich workbase to stabilize the population in the five main viilages in the valley. cont/ In planning, the kind of approach which gives primary credance to existing social orders, has been totally mutilated by the conservationists and ‘rehabilitate everything brigade’. The protection of the physical environment in the name of character, history or national heritage has been universally adopted by the liberal minded, directionless band of builders, financiers and designers, who,having reaped a thirty year harvest from the modern movemant phase, are now seeking fortunes from nostalgia design. The protection of the physical environ- ment pure and simple, is socially meaningless, the networks and habits that exist within these environments are the life blood, the buildings mere skeletons. The consequence of overt conserv-— ation is social disruption, building values become highly inflated and social values are increasingly ignored. In the villages of the Colne Valley that means an absolute dissemin- ation of the indigenous populations life style. So the Colne Valley lifestyle is under threat from two fronts, one from the exponents of extreme nostalgia, the other from the people who control private and state coffers. if the villages become mothballed commuter havens for the urban refugees, the human coexistance that is predominant in the existing population will fracture and the word ‘commmity' will no longer be applicable to Slaithwaite, Golcar or Marsden, So the living/working/learning networks that now form the social matrix must form the basis for any future planning, unadulterated by economic zoning or conservation area sterilization. many new and varied socially(as opposed to economical baseaindustries,andoccupationscouldevolveifSete as posed to enterprises, were entrusted with a regeneration ob tgea8s a stimulation of society, directed and controlled ocally. Although many people see the changes affecting the Colne Valley as inevitable, and in most cases acceptable, these changes are totally uncoordinated and devoid of any referance point within the valley. That is not to say that the Colne Valley needs a Total Solution working out for it, but instaed of crying every time a mill closes or waving a flag when a small firm passes through tne valley, a humane direction firmly associated Wwitn the aspirations and desires of the natives could be sought. Instead of allowing the highly substantial mill buildings to remain empty or be demolished, could they form the physical basis for a new industrial direction within the valley? In stead of miniscule parts of these buildings being used by small enterprises attracted by cheap leases and rents, could they all be analysed individually, or in groups where they occur, with a view to being the embrios of an alternative answer to the valleys future industrial and social progress? The variety of physical location of these buildings is unending. They would lend themselves intact, or ina reorganized form, to many domestic, educatinnal and recreational as well as industrial uses, in ways that would integrate easily and harmoniisly into the existing social orders, enhancing, not destroying them. cont/ As designers contemplating such social planning, we must beware of being toutopian. We obviously have ideals, utopian or otherwise, but we must beware of simplistic solutions, which will only afford us and emotional or intellectual cop-out. The idea that designers can ignore the realities of cultural and economic relationships and change society through the nature of the environments they design (one of the fundamental motivations of the modern movement) is obviously wishing away the majority of social realities. For once the planner sees himself working towards his own solution for the environment as an independant body, then people and relationships, the ultimate criteria, are open to manipulation to suit the designers ideals. So taking the solid reality of the old mill buildings as a physical anchor, we should succeed in staying within the tenets of Saul Alinsky's rule of ‘working within the experience of your people’. Though there exists a great affinity with the mills, there is also a mild hostility amongst Colne Valley peuple to the théngs that the mills historieally represent. The reluctance of the young people to enter the mills as textile workers, is a fairly recent occurance in the valley, which will not be - counteracted until a more human way of producing fabrics is evolved. The factory system employed by most fabric producers has reduced the human being to a very inadeaate portion of the production process. So much so that the pride in work mentioned previously is being eroded also by the incres#ingly more complex production methods, most of them too efficient to warrant the existance of a human operative. Yet the dormant buildings which housed the once rapidly growing textile industry, themselves could hold a key to the regeneration of the area. Taking as our premise, that employment within the valley for most of the indigapus population, will stabilize the existing social structures, we can begin to look at the location and uses to be matte of redundant structures. There are seven areas which immediately offer themselves as places where a new industrial and domestic base could generate from. They are all in fairly specific locations and have special qualities of their own. 1) Milnsbridge- 5 or 6 Mills (all empty) off Brittania Road straddling the RIver Colne and bordered by the Narrows Canal. A very dense built up area along the valley bottom 2) Copley Bank/ Four buildings in a steeply sloping valley in Gcican a roughly linear pattern, starting at the head of the small valley off the Colne, with Heath House Mill, down through Victoria Mill and Contrary to some popular activists theories some planning must take plave. As long as that planning is locally controlled and not inflicted by external agencies it can be good planning. Locally controlled, small scale planning using the valleys Many resources, natural, human and man made as the basis could give the villages an effervesence undeniably founded in the predominant culture, not in some modified idea of how things have been plamned elsewhere. The funding for such planning could initially be found through many of the existing cooperative setups functioning in the valley, Albion Mill onto the Golcar Baptist Church. A very rural and undulating landscape with many resources. 3) Titanic Mill A vast structure in 18 acres of arable lana Linthwaite close to the A62 and bordered by the River Colne 4) Crimble Bank Two Mills north of Slaithwaite, Crimble and Slaithwaite. Brook, in the heart of the village, a very tight 5) Slaithwaite The area in and around and including Bank Mill a collection of small buildings arounf the built up loaction adjoining the Slaithwaite Golear Road. ; main Mill. In the valley bottom sandwiched bet— ween the Colne and the Canal. 6) Clough House Mill A small, partially demolished mill in an isolated rural setting, 1 mile west of Slaithwaite. 7) Holme Mill/Ce llars clough- Lingards Two substantial Mills % mile east of Marsden, vast areas of water and considerable land between the two. These seven areas are by no means the only ones where it is possible to begin some positive t by Richard Wa inwright, could begin through these or many other small areas up and down the valley. Copley Bank/Golcar with four virtually empty major structures within imile of each other provides a good area to study, as it four very differnt buildings with infinite possibilities.It lends itself perfectly to the sound social concept of the industrial village which historically dominated the physical form of all the oledr settlements in the valley. In the begiming the ARC group are working on a very tentative economic Sootines once the footing is securer and the small office in Slaithwaite id set up, the long term strategy work will continue alongside bread and butter alteration and extens— ion work. No work outside the valley will be accepted, no speculative work will be undertaken. There are enough architects reaping a rich harvest from those spheres and performing social | homicide in the process. George Mills Huddersfield. ARC West Yorkshire Group. | work. The tonic effect referred Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource George Mills ARC Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Murray Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 16-May-76 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/8c68ab87d630790349838e8cbb28f9d3.pdf 89303eb08babecb583bc859bc6256044 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Liaison Group Including London Group Subject The topic of the resource Liaison Groups: NAM was initially structured as local groups. There was also a Liaison Group whose role was to coordinate the different groups, deal with correspondence and arrange the next annual conference. NAM campaign groups, which were largely autonomous, worked across local groups to develop their ideas. They arranged their own conferences and reported through SLATE and annually to the NAM Congress. The seven different campaign groups listed had members from a variety of local groups. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Various Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1976-1979 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Report Subject The topic of the resource Report of the North London Group of NAM 3 pp (2 copies) Description An account of the resource REPORT OF THE NORTH LONDON GROUP OF THR NEW ARCHITECTURE MOVEMENT Giles Pebody So, from meetings to the first meeting: we left Harrogate with this much common ground: a shared disgust at the part the architect plays in the brutalisation of the physical and social environment and at the power that seduces or forces him to play that role, and also a shared- commitment to find collective ways of building a humane architecture It is, I hope, quite unecessary here to start to list the questions begged by such sentiments. We made an early decision to concentrate our work on private practice, at least at the start, as all North London membérdare employed in private practice and have most experience there we acknowledged that we neede to find a new understanding of the social economic and political role of the architect, different, that ts, from the one promoted by the RIBA, the schools, and the principals in private or public practice. But there was algo an urgency for action to provide ways in which frustrated working architects and assistants could direct their energies. Action itself could take two forms: the mah e of propaganda, and the setting up of alternative structures both in the profession and in the organisation of practice itself. A combinationrof theorevical and action projects would support each other: the theory wculdinform the action and thes action the theory. For all this, it is now necessary to divide this report into two parts: I will deal first with our theoretical work, and. then with the ' Interior Perspective 'project. I think that-it-is fair to say, at “least 'in retrospect, that we set out to investigate two of the central myths on which the architectural profession iis based: firstly, that the profession was set up in order to ensure that the public was well served by its architects; and secondly that every practising architect works ag an individual, bearing the torch of architecture, and enjoying its priviledges himself as the peer of evry other architect ( poetically christened ' the Brass Plate Syndrome !). Firstly, before telling you about the results of our work, let me describe how the group works: we meet fortnightly, at the home of each member in turn. The actual work of researching, writing, making posters and so forth, is done outside the meetings so that the meetings thems‘earlerveseersvedfordiscussion.Inthiswaythemaximumbenefit is mace of the exchange of views and ideas, and the group has time to learn and maintain its coherenve. The 'host' takes minutes and writes the agenda for the next meeting. this process gives continuity, but does not inhibit the raising of new topics as they occur. The subsequent meeting is generally arranged on the pavement outsids the nearest pub ( we rarely have time to get further than that ) at about 11 15pm, and at 11 20pm “bhe host for next time heads home to count the coffee cups. Ts deal briefly with the first: the established arbiter between the archotect and the interests of the public is the RIBA, through its code of conduct The Interior Perspective project was first suggested at the Harrogate Conference: employees in private practice would send in information on the offices in which they worked, which would then be made available to job applicants. This way the sort of information to light at interviews would be made available, and so strengthenthe position of the applicant at the interview itselfA.s’we discussed the idea it became clear that its implications could be broader than this. Firstly, the information, if siutebly collected, could be used by other parties with an interest in a parvicular practices prospective clients wishing to use a practice with high standarda and, on the other: hand action groups fighting schemes in-which architectasre involved. It could also form a vehicle for pressing for of employment, and of a mors sensitive approach to design. The most Significant aspect of the Sore, however, is that it would be sét up which rarely comes the adoption of -better sonditions and its supervision of education. The title architect is also controlled by law under the Architects Registration Acts. We looked first at the origins of the RIBA in the C19th, and then at the registration acts themselves and concluded that the RIBA, far from being founded on altruistic principals, was set up to ensure that the profession could run its own affairs, free from interference, especially from government, who, if anyone’ one would, would represent the interests of” the public:at large ‘throvgh the democratic process. Thi8 was achieved in the early C19th during a period. of’ éénfusion and corruption in practice by offering a’ code of conduct to regulate the behaiviour of architects, in return for which the RIBA was granted the autonomy it enjoys. This was further reinforced by the virtual monoply granted under the Architects ' Registration Act, whose adminstering body, ARCUK, rapidly came under its control. The second topic, the ' Brass Plate Syndrome ' is closer to the daily working lives of architects, and is best. considered in- that context. 80 percent of architects axe calaried, and, clearly their autonomy as architects is heavily circvmscribed by thee duties as employees. The argument -has often been advanced that the outlook of the RIBA, and the ethic underlying the codes of conduct are based on the ideal of the architect as an individual practitioner, and they do not therefore represent the interests fo the salaried architects. Further this contradiction increases the frustration of salaried architects who are justifiably angr: that their considerable talents are wasted on unwanted or even destructive projects when the need for sensitive and useful:-architccturec is so painfully evident. Wetre looking at the possibilities for the reform cf practice: Collective decision- -making over design policy or working conditions is extremely rare, in either public’ or private practice, This situation is.aggravated by the difficultoyf finding asiutablelegal form for the institution of cooperative or employee controlled practices. The processes invclced in partnership law are extremely cumbersome, while the limited liability company would provide = siutable for m weve architects not forbiden from forming. them, for other reasons, by the code of conduct. The setting up of a national design service, by which the architects! services would be freely available, much ag a doctors are, could perhaps provide a framework for new forms of nvactice, REPORT FROM THE CARDIFF GROUP OF THE NEW ARCHITECTURE MOVEMENT Anne Delaney A small group of architects, technicians, students and planners has been meeting irregularly in Cardiff since February. Initial meetings concerned themselves with discussion as to the most effective form of proceeding as a group of radicals in the environmental field. We decided initially to familiarise ourselves with relevent work which had already been done locally.The South Wales Housing Action group is perhaps best described as a federation of local community action groups inCardiff, Swansea,and the South Wales mining valleys.The people involved in this group had put up a strong opposition to a scheme for comprehensive redevelopment of Cardiff city centre. Centreplan, the P.R's sell-name for the scheme,was set up as a partnership between Cardiff City Council and Ravenseft,a firm of property deveclopers.Come the economic recession,Ravenseft pulled out of the deal,leaving the centre of Cardiff pitted with vacant or blighted nites in searck of a developer. At the suggestion of .the Ss W. Housing Action Group, Cardiff NAM are looking into the feasibility of alternative schemes for the centre,At the moment we're attempting to tackle this in two ways:firstly by preparing a general report on inner © city development in whichwe hope to discuss a few alternatives to office and large scale store development;sesondly by attempting to apply the theories contained in ou report to one particular site in the centre of Cardiff.It's early days so there's nothing to show as yet. One spin off from this work is that we've been asked to contribute to an exhibition running concurrently with this year's RTPI conference which is being held in Cardiff next month. Community action groups in Cardiff were allocated a few metres' space in the official RIPI exhibition at the conferencebu,t decided they had more to say to planners than could be contained in the space offered them,so they decided to run their own exhibition concurrently in a vacant shop in the city centre. The emphasis on this sort of action seems to set the Cardiff group apart from other NAM groups.There are obvious dangers in diving headlong into action of this sort - the old debate as to whether theory can or should precede action or whether it should arise from experience of action.Hopefully by being awake to the dangers our theory and action will develop side by side,one reinforcing the other. and run by employed architects to serve their interests and those of the users of. buildings. It has the potential to open up a direct. channel of communication between these two groups in a way which would enable then to suppurt each other. It is interesting to compare the Inteficr Perspective proposal with the RIBA Directory, which is its 'Official-! counterparts the latter is, in essence, a form of controlled adverertising for private practiceisn competition with each other, and for the profession as a-whole. As such it provide.sin formation of use unly to principleisn private practice and. their clients. It is of little or no use to the public at large, or architectural employees. Our future plang include an extension of this work on radical professional dccuments to include a new code of conduct and conditions of engegement, .based on ‘our growing ctitique of current ways of practice. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Giles Pebody Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Allan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Undated https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/9f28ce20abfd1ddf4727e0e373c0f2b6.pdf aa2d91436be5ad766747985f93e7fa7c Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trade Unions and Architecture Description An account of the resource Themes included action on asbestos and Health &amp; Safety, and involvement with Direct Labour Organisations and Building Unions. Following comparative research of possible options, NAM encouraged unionisation of building design staffs within the private sector, negotiating the establishment of a dedicated section within TASS. Though recruitment was modest the campaign identified many of the issues around terms of employment and industrial relations that underpin the processes of architectural production. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Is this the End ? Subject The topic of the resource Flyer/ Report on low membership of TASS Description An account of the resource MOTION ISTHISTHEEND 2 After four years of organising we find ourselves with a disappointingly low membership in asingle London Branch within TASS that owes more to the initial sympathies of the now retired National Organiser than to our size or financial contribution. Our small membership is standing in the way of further recruitment and is placing the burden of branch organisaiton onto the shoulders of too few people to engage in the scale of programme required for an affective recruitment drive. Though TASS have to date, been generous with financial support, the effect and ideas for promoting trade unionism within architect's offices have always had to come from within the Branch. This has tended to result in all recruitment activities and events, no matter how successful in themselves, ultimately failing through not being followed up. Our present situation makes it imperative that a drastic change takes place in our organisation to permit future growth rather than continued stagnation and ultimate dissolution. A move to under the wing of STAMPis the logical step we must now make. Such a move should involve members moving en mass rather than transferring individually. In this way we can have a say in the conditions of our new home. (Unofficial discussions suggest that this would be acceptable to both TASS and STAMP). Once in STAMP wewould have: A branch of 600 members of which 20% are ‘architects’ in the London area. This would double our potential activists and give us a membership stake in an overall union that we do not have at present. This is important in any union where branch representation and funds are proportional to membership figures. a parent Union more sympathetic to our environmental concerns and more susceptible to revitalisation from within than TASS has ultimately proved. A parent Union who have as great a voice within the Construction industry as the RIBA and who will be relied upon by the next Labour Government for advice on the future of this industry. An organisation with closer links to local authority planning and building departments than we have previously possessed. Such a liaison is essential to our drive within the private sector. an organisation within the Construction industry that embraces the other disciplines of building designers that we have always aimed to recruit but have never been able to. An undispute claim that we are the sole Union for everyone employed within the building design private sector. If you support trade unionism for all staff who work in building design offices, then you must attend an extraordinary meeting called by the Branch Council for Tuesday 26th May, 1981. A motion has been tabled by the Branch Council with the last two Branch Chairman as proposer and seconder. POLYTECHNIC OF CENTRAL LONDON, 415 NEW CAVENDISH STREET, W.1 5MAY 6.30 DING DESIGN STAFF _ ORJUSTTHEBEGINNING! This Branch believes that the cause of trade union organisation in the building design sector can be best advanced by UCATT and thereby calls upon all its weibers and supporters to move en bloc into a revitalised white collar section of UVATT. 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GWOD GNV SONIISSW HONVYd OML IX3N SHL JO SONINSAR SHL NO SINAWIOVONS YSHLO ANV GCISV INd OL SUSGWSW HONVUd TIV OL Tvaddv TvIO0adS V GMVW OL CHONRINI SI SLON SIHL AHM SI LVHL *uMO S}ZT uo amyny Zutpuedxe pue amoas e IOF asumoo e ojUO YoUReIg ay} Jaaqs 0} aTge aq ZOU TITM [TOUNOD YyoUeIg ayy :1eaTo st Z3uTYyy aU *apecep e Aq 49eq Yas aq TITM 1099aS smo ut sye4S papuesep pue pastueZio AT1adoid e Jo uoTSTA ayy 4T ayey 3,UO0p eM JIT “sey OS ATTNq aaey am dnowd [Tews ayy 18y3e704 PToy 03 aoueys auo ATUO dSaeYy MOU am ‘BuTYyZAUe Ueaul 04 ST seotzoeid ustsap Zutpttnq 1030es ayeatad ut wstTuotTum apes fT *quaupuegsTp ueou ATutTezIe.2 ptnom ynq yno yTads uaaq you sey aaTzeU ~1azTe ay] *tapso ut ysuerg smo 3nd 03 sn sox uoTuUA ayy Aq‘ ATqepuejsuspun ‘pattdde Zutaq st Sunsset :qgutod ststao e 3e sft ysueig smo Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Giles Pebody Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Allan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource May-81 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/96449421faf7c88334223dfa209bc0ce.pdf 591121333cc25ff416a3d723e029bd48 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Professional Issues Description An account of the resource A cohort of NAM members became engaged with the professional registration body, standing as elected councillors on the Architects Registration Council and its various committees. Hitherto entirely dominated by the RIBA bloc, the Council began to yield to a new dynamic through NAM's involvement, enabling fresh perspectives on such issues as mandatory fee scales, greater lay representation on the body, ethically-based standards of professional conduct, etc. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Statutory Instrument re Architects' Qualifications Subject The topic of the resource Statutory Instrument re Architects' Qualifications (EEC Recognition Order) 1987 (18 pp.) Description An account of the resource The Queen's Present, Most Excellent Majesty in Council Her Majesty, in exercise of the powers conferred on Her by section 2(2) of the European Communities Act 1972 (a), is pleased, by and with the advice of Her Privy Council, to order, and it is herehy ordered, as follows:- Citation ana commencement Lie This order may be citeg as the Architects! Qualifications (EEC Recognition) Order 1987 and Shall come into Operation on 4th August 1987. DRAFT 5.12.86 1987 No.| ARCHITECTS ~) a<ameenaeR RecN eRpepeneeEeenva Interpretation STATUTORY InN STRUMENTS The Architects! Qualifications (EEC Recognition) Order 1987 Made Cee emetic iinses Laid before Parliament ....... Coming into Operation 4th August 1987 At the Court at Buckingham Palace, the day of 1987. 2. In this order - zB Q C Oo oO o Q k- n ct at my ct - cf if) a3 hy cy we ' ct (D (2) ui cf rea) J? =4j © mM | ct oo @ ye Q ct —_—_ t 2. ERR SERASASta oY "the Council" means the Architects Registration Council of the United Kingdom; "the discipline committee" means the discipline committee of 2 the Council;.,. Uh Bae aes "the Directive" means European Communities Council Directive No. 85/384/EE(Ca) on the mutual recognition of diplomas, certificates and other evidence of formal qualifications in architecture; Recognition of Furopean Community architectural qualifications 3. At the end of section 2 of the Act (Interpretation) there shall be inserted the following definitions - "national" in relation to a member State means the same as in the Community Treaties, but does not include a person who, by virtue of article 2 of Protocol No. 3 (Channel Islands and the Isle of Man) to the Treaty of Accession (b) is not to benefit from Community provisions relating to the free. movement of persons and services; "the register" means the register of architects maintained under the Act. "The expression "the Directive" means the European Communities Council Directive No. 85/384/EEC on the mutual recognition of diplomas, certificate and other evidence of formal qualifications in architecture, as amended by European Communities Council Directives Nos. 85/614/EEC and 86/17/EEC; The expression "competent authority" means an authority or body designated by a member State in accordance with the Directive; (a) O.0. No. L233, 21.8.85, p.15, as amended by Council Directive 85/614/EEC, 0.7. No. L376, 31.12.85, p.1 and supplemented by Counci Directive S6/LI/ESC, Owls NGs L327, 1.2.86, p.71l. (b) see Cmnd. 5179 - I, p.247. section - "Qualifications for registration 6A.-(1) Subject to the provisions in register architects: of section 1972, a person Act and any Order in Council of this made under 2(2) of the who is a national either - European Communities of a member Act A RURRRINESRIE TSOi ave BREDSARETRENETHeoOnbe PiesaTact FSS ATRL tp ngs dele) et 1 The expression "national" in relation to a member State means the same as in the ‘Community Treaties, but does not include a 2 person who, by virtue, of article 2 of Protocol No. 3 (Channel “Islands and Isle of Man) to the Treaty of Accession is not to benefit. from Community provisions Fer seing, £9: the free movement of persons. and services." 4. In section 5(2)(a) and section 5(3) of the Act, the words "section 6 of" shall be inserted after the word "under", 5. After section 6 of the Act (right to registration in the register of architects) there shall be inserted the following European Qualifica- tions State, and who satisfies the requirements as to qualifications set out in subsection (2), and as the case may be, the requirements as to practical training experience or profession experience set out in subsection (3), shall on application made to the Council in the prescribed manner and on payment of the (2) The requirements as to qualifications referred to in subsection (1) are that a person - prescribed fee, be entitled to be registered under this Act. (a) holds a qualification listed in (i) the Fourth Schedule to this Act (European Community qualifications in AYA apne .r aronivtecture); or ww (3) nh wad AMA tg IE TNC ae (a4) the Fifth Schedule to this Act (established a European. Community: rights), “where the course (of study ton’ has ree started: no (b) holds a certificate issued by a competent authority of a member State, in accordance with article 12 of the Directive; stating that he has been, no later than the date on which that member State implemented the Directive, authorisebdy that member State to use the title of architect, and that he has effectively carried out the activities of an architect for at least three consecutive years during the five years preceding the issue of such Certificate; or of his distinguished achievements in the subsection (1) are that - later than the beginning of the third academic year starting after 5th August 1985; or (Cc) holds a certificate issueg by a competent authority of a member State in accordance with article 5(1) of the Directive stating that he is, by reason field of architecture, entitled to use the title of architect. The requirements as to practical training experience or professional experience referred to in (a) in the case of a person holding a qualification listed in Part I of the Fourth Schedule or Part I of the a> bry rh 7 re: ing duly made vices « Directive, that, he has gained, at least: is in that member + supervision an architect in . two years practical training experience State under the of a person established that member State; as BhBSSAL + Schedule to this Act, that person shall hold a certificate issued by a competent authority of a member State stating, in. accordance with article 23 of the (b) in the case of a person holding a qualification listed in Part II of the Fourth Schedule or part II of the Fifth. Schedule to this Act that person shall hola a certificate issued by a competent authority in the Federal Republic of Germany stating, in accordance with article 4(1) of the Directive, that at least 4 years appropriate professional experience has been acquired in the Federal Republic of Germany. (4) Where a person holds a certificate issued by a competent authority of the Federal Republic of Germany stating that a qualification awarded to that person by an institution in the German Democratic Republic after 8th May 1945 is of equivalent effect to a qualification listed in the Fourth or the Fifth Schedule to this Act, that person shall, for the purposes of this Act, be deemed to hold a qualification listed in the Fourth or the Fifth Schedule, as the case may be, to this Act. (5) The Council shall ensure that the decision with respect to any application for registration under this section is made and communicated to the applicant within three months of an application (D Ol in the UK and 1Aba 6 ee SregemtQ $58 (6) If, pursuant to articles 17(4) or 18(2) of the Directive, the Council consult a member State in respect of an application under this: section, the period mentioned in paragraph (5) _ Shall, be. extended by |such period. as.May, elapse.” Peceen the ‘initial consultation and the receipt by the Gouncil of a final reply from that member state." 6. There shall be inserted after the Third Schedule to the Act the Schedules set out in the Schedule hereto. Effect of disqualification in another member State on registration’ 7. After section 7 of the Act (removal of name from register) there shall be inserted the following section - "7JA.- (1) A disqualifying decision in another member State in respect of a person is a decision made by a competent authority in that State, which - (a) is expressed to be made on the grounds that he has committed a criminal offence or has misconducted himself in a professional respect; (b) has in that State the effect either that he is no longer registered or otherwise officially recognised as an architect, or that he is prohibited from practising there. (2) The Council may reject an application by any person for registration under section 6A if they are satisfied that there is, at the date of his application, a disqualifying decision in another member State in force in respect of that person. BR IE SMBS and still is subject to that disqualifying decision, may remove Councilo,n being satisfied. thatthe person was at. that time; (5) If a person who is registered under section 6A becomes subject to a disqualifying decision in another member State expressed to be made on the grounds that he has misconducted himself in a professional respect, and if the discipline committee, after an inquiry in respect of that person, report to the Council that he has been guilty of conduct disgraceful to him in his Capacity as an architect, the Council may exercise their powers under section 7 (removal of name from register) accordingly. (6) Section 7 and regulations made under section 13 for the regulation of disciplinary Proceedings shall have effect, with any necessary modifications, in relation to any inquiries “, ° (3) If a person's name was entered on the register by virtue of section 6A at a time when there was a disqualifying decision | _in anothermember state in force in respect of that person, ands” if at that time the Council were unaware of that fact, the his name from the register, (4) Ifa person who is registered under section 6A becomes subject to a disqualifying decision in another member State expressed to be made on the grounds that he has committed a criminal offence, he shall be deemea to have committed that offence and the Council may exercise their powers under section 7 (removal of name from register) accordingly. made under this section. (7) If a person is refused registration or has his name removed from the register by the Council under this section then the Council shall, on request by that person, state in writing the grounds for the refusal or removal.! ~ fordee ~~. e hagedCAE Te yee baat ieee ae ose Resgesrie | Caee Ae Ifhecomplies’withthebsa realof.thisarticle, eRRET ek SRR ty Rights of architects established in other member States to provide services in the United Kingdom it. shall. be. ,pawtul for, a (Person. who is. a national of. any member .. State and is established. as an ‘architect ina ember State other _than the United Kingdom to provide services under a name or title containing the word architect" while visiting the United Kingdom without being registered under the Act. (2) Before providing any such services the person concerned shall supply to the Council - (b) a certificate (or certificates), issued by an authority or body designated by a member State in which he is established as competent for the purposes of article 22(3) of the Directive (provision of services), showing - (i) that he is lawfully pursuing activities in the field of architecture in a member State other than the United Kingdon, to recognise, and (a) a declaration in writing giving particulars of the services to be provided and the period or periods in which he expects to provide them; and (ii) that he holds qualifications in architecture which member States are required by the Directive (iii) that, in the case of a person holding qualifications listed in the Fourth Schedule or the Fifth Schedule to the Act, he has gained practical training experience or appropriate professional experience satisfying the requirements of section 6A(3) of the Act. Kingdom; or ~ ——=§ = aie Bs cup2. Kab aoe pew 2aA aA 2 BYS NOUBASaAE tae Ses -. No such certificate shall be supplied to the Council more than 12 months after the date on which it was issued. Where a person complies with the requirements of - the. Council. shall. enrol his. name, on the: list es of visiting EEC architects maintained for the purposes of this - “article for such period or periods as, having regard to the particulars given in,the declaration referred to in paragraph (2) (a) above, it considers appropriate. (4) The Council shall maintain, for the purposes of this article, in addition to the register, a list of the names of visiting EEC architects enrolled from time to time under this article, with their qualifications and the periods for which their respective enrolments are effective. The Council shall permit any person to inspect the list during normal working hours. (5) No fee shall be charged for enrolment under this article as a visiting EEC architect. (6) Paragraph (1) does not apply to a person, and that person shall not be enrolled as a visiting EEC architect, at a time when he is subject - (a) to a disqualifying decision in another member State; or (b) to a period of disqualification from registration imposed by the Council under section 7 of the Act. (7) Enrolment of a person as a visiting EEC architect shall cease and his name shall be removed from the list of visiting EEC architects if.- (a) he becomes established as an architect in the United Use of Academic title 10. A person who is - (a) registered under section 6A of the Act, or 10 1. (b) he renders services in the United Kingdom under. a name or title containing the, word "architect" otherwise “S. than’ in| accordance with a declaration made. ‘by him under . - paragraph (2) (a)i_ox Se he may no donese Pewearny pursue activities in. the field of architecture in the member State referred _ to in paragraph 2(b) (i). Disciplinary provisions affecting architects who provide services while visiing the United Kingdom 9. Section 7 of the Act and regulations made under section 13 of the Act for the regulation of disciplinary proceedings shall apply to a person who is or has been enrolled under article 8 as a visiting EEC architect as if that person had been registered under section 6 of the Act, and references to "a registered person", "the register" and "registration under the Act" shall be construed accordingly. (b) enrolled under article 8 as a visiting EEC architect; shall, when using his academic title or any abbreviations thereof, express such title or abbreviation in the language or one of the languages of the member State conferring the title, and shall follow the title or any abbreviation thereof with the name and location of the body conferring the title. se *wpouRTH SCHEDULE e | ; PARTI = 8Sis PART II Germany : new Schedules to be inserted in _the Act. ) = ce ‘ < I . 2 Pe oe ar ae 4 {Part I will contain a list of qualifications awarded by other member States, except those awarded following the three year courses of "Fachhochschulen" in the Federal Republic of Germany, which member States are required by article 2 of the Directive to recognise. That list is not yet available.] Diplomas awarded by the departments of architecture (Architektur/Hochbau) of "Fachhochschulen" where the course leading to the award of such Diploma is of three years duration. FIFTH SCHEDULE ESTABLISHED EUROPEAN COMMUNITY RIGHTS PART I Belgium - the diplomas awarded by the higher national schools of - the diplomas awarded by the higher provincial school of architecture of Hasselt (architect); - the diplomas awarded by the Royal Academies of Fine Arts (architecte-architect); SCHEDULE article 6 architecture or the higher national institutes of architecture (architecte-architect); architect); Denmark m= France ant mant amAs HARE TK J 3yn a - the Government architect's diploma = An oh + wan 7 wee =+ Or Education until _- 1OQn5 ao 19453, = ad + _ a sunsequentiy _- co © ~_ by the Ministry + of = awarded py tne Ministry Qu of architect (architecte-architect); - diplomas awarded by the Higher Schools of Civil Engineering (bygningskonstruktor, accompanied by a certificate from the competent authorities to the effect that the person concerne has passed a test of his formal qualifications in accordanc (D - the diplomas awarded by the 'ecoles Saint-Luc! (architecte- - university diplomas in civil engineering, accompanied by a trainee-ship certificate awarded by the association of architects entitling the holder to hold the professional title - the diplomas in architecture awarded by the central or State examining board for architecture (architecte-architect) ; - the civil engineering/architecture diplomas and architecture/engineering diplomas awarded by the faculties of applied sciences of the universities and by the Polytechnical Faculty of Mons (ingénieur-architecte, ingenieur-architect) ; - the diplomas awarded by the National Schools of Architecture in Copenhagen and Arhus (arkitekt); - the certificate of registration issued by the Board of Architects pursuant to Law No. 202 of May 28, 1975 (registreret arkitekt); with Article 13 of this Directive; () j-— ct Gc fp Ny mM i ia bt Fh cu t by m —~ 4 } ) ct ay i J J 4 ) Germany Greece : - the diplomas awarded by the 'Ecole spéciale d'architecture! (architecte DESA); - the diplomas awarded since 1955 by the department of architecture of the 'Ecole nationale supérieure des Arts et Industries de Strasbourg! (formerly the 'Ecole nationale d'ingénieurs de Strasbourg! (architecte ENSATIS) ; - the diplomas awarded by higher institutes of fine arts (Dipl.- Ing., Architekt (Hfbk)); - the diplomas awarded by the departments of architecture (Architektur/Hochbau) of "Technische Hochschulen', of technical universities, of universities and, in so far as these institutions have been merged into "Gesamthochschulen', of ‘Gesamthochschulen! (Dipl.-Ing, and any other title which may be laid down later for holders of these diplomas); - the diplomas (Prufungszeugnisse) awarded before January 1, 1973 by the departments of architecture of 'Ingenieuschulen! and of "Werkkunstschulen', accompanied by a certificate from the competent authorities to the effect that the person concerneg has passed a test of his formal qualifications in accordance with Article 13; of this Directive; POLYTECHNION of Athens, together with a certificate issued by - the engineering/architecture diplomas awarded by the METSOVION + anv} AaéMein Jrweahisn ney, aA: Varast arrayed nQ ue 43 ~ ~ne ENGINSering, arecnicecture divlomas aWaAraeQqa oy cwne Ireland - the degree of Bachelor of Architecture awarded by the National University of Ireland (B Arch. (NUI)) to architecture graduates - the engineering/civil engineering diplomas awarded by the METSOVION POLYTECHNION of Athens, together with a certificate issued by Greece's Technical Chamber conferring the right to pursue activities in the field of architecture; ~ the engineering/civil engineering diplomas awarded by the ARISTOTELION PANEPISTIMION of Thessaloniki, together with a certificate issued by Greece's Technical Chamber conferring the right to pursue acttivities in the field of architecture; - the engineering/civil engineering diplomas awardeg by the PANEPISTIMION THRAKIS, together with a certificate issued by Greece's Technical Chamber conferring the right to pursue activities in the field of architecture; - the engineering/civil engineering diplomas awarded by the PANEPISTIMION PATRON, together with a certificate issued by Greece's Technical Chamber conferring the right to pursue activities in the field of architecture; of of University College, Dublin; ~ the diploma of degree standard in architecture awarded by the College of Technology, Bolton Street, Dublin (Dipl. Arch.); - the Certificate of Associateship of the Royal Institute of Architects of Ireland (ARIAT); - the Certificate of Membership of the Royal Institute of oe KQ + ph. us Q) (eg tn O £ Ireland (MRIAT) ; Italy Netherlands (bouwkundig ingenieur); - the diplomas awarded until 1971 by the former architectural colleges (Hoger Bouwkunstonderricht) (architect HBO); - the diplomas awarded until 1970 by the former architectural colleges (Voortgezet Bouwkunstonderricht) (architect VBO); - ‘laurea in architettura! diplomas awarded by universities, polytechnic institutes and the higher institutes of architecture of Venice and Reggio Calabria, accompanies by the diploma entitling the holder to pursue independently the profession of architect, awarded by the Minister for Education after the candidate has passed, before a competent board, the State examination entitling him to pursue independently the profession of architect (dott. Architetto); - '‘laurea in ingegneria' diplomas in building construction ('sezione constenzione civile') awarded by universitiaensd polytechnic institutes, accompanied by the diploma entitling the holder to pursue independently a profession in the field of architecture, awarded by the Minister for Education after the candidate has passed, before a competent board, the State examination entitling him to pursue the profession independently (dott. Ing. Architetto or dott. Ing. in ingegneria civile); - the certificate stating that its holder has passed the degree examination in architecture awarded by the departments of architecture of the technical colleges of Delft or Eindhoven activities (architect); a a> fu ~ 10] - the diploma of the 'Stichting Insituut voor Architectuur' (Institute of Architectuur'! Foundation) (IVA) awarded on completion of a course organised by this foundation and extending over a minimum period of four years (architect), accompanied by a certificate from the competent authorities to the effect that the person concerned has passed a test of his formal qualifications in accordance with Article 13 of the Directive; - a certificate issued by the competent authorities to the effect that, before the date of entry into force of this Directive, the person concerned passed the degree examination of 'Kandidaat in de bouwkunde! organised by the technical colleges of Delft or Eindhoven and that, over a period of at least five years immediately prior to that date, he pursued architectural activities the nature and importance of which, in accordance with Netherlands requirements, guarantee that he is competent to pursue those activities (architect); - a certificate issued by the competent authorities only to ersons who have reached the age of 40 years before the date of entry into force of this Directive, certifying that, over a period of at least five years immediately prior to that date, the person concerned has pursued architectural activities the nature and importance of which, in accordance with Netherl ds requirements, guarantee that he is competent to pursue tho [the certificates referred to in the seventh and eighth indents need no longer be recognised as from the date of entry into force of laws and regulations in the Netherlands governing the taking up and pursuit of architectural activities under the professional title of architect, in so far as under such provisions those certificates do not authorise the taking up of such activities under that professional title?; Portugal ‘of Porto.! Science or by the universities, 17 - the Diploma "diploma do curso de arquitectura" awarded by the Higher Schools of Fine Arts of Lisbon and Porto, - the Diploma "diploma de licenciatura em arquitectura" awarded by the Higher School of Fine Arts of Lisbon, - the Diploma "carta de curso de licenciatura em arquitectura" awarded by the Technical University of Lisbon and the University - the university diploma in civil engineering awarded by the Higher Technical Institute of the Technical University of Lisbon (Licenciatura em engenharia cil), - the university diploma in civil engineering awarded by the Faculty of Engineering (Engenharia) of the University of Oporto (Licenciature em engenharia civil), - the university diploma in civil engineering awarded by the Faculty of Science and Technology of the University of Coimbra - the Diploma "diploma de curso especial de arquitectura" awarded by the Schools of Fine Arts of Lisbon and of Porto, - the Architects Diploma "diploma de arquitecto" awarded by the Schools of Fine Arts of Lisbon and of Porto. (Licenciatura em engenharia civil), - the university diploma in civil engineering (production) awarded by the University of Minho (Licenciatura em engenharia civl (producdo))', Spain - the official formal qualification of an architect (titulo oficial de arquitecto) awarded by the Minister of Education and Germany be laid down later for holders of these diplomas)." PART II - the diplomas awarded by the departments of architecture (Architektur/Hochbau) of 'Fachhochschulen' and, in so far as these institutions have been merged into "Gesamthochschulen', by the departments of architecture (Architektur/Hochbau) of 'Gesamthochschulen', accompanied, where the period of study is less than four years but at least three years, by a certificate attesting to a four-year period of professional experience in the Federal Republic of Germany issued by the professional body in accordance with the second subparagraph of Article 4(1) of the Directive (Ingenieur grad. and any other title which may Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gov.t Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived JA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 5.12.86 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/fa13d27536db2b54f67ad48cc53e7f8d.pdf fab80c4436cf719fd7c4a6d4bf5adfe5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Professional Issues Description An account of the resource A cohort of NAM members became engaged with the professional registration body, standing as elected councillors on the Architects Registration Council and its various committees. Hitherto entirely dominated by the RIBA bloc, the Council began to yield to a new dynamic through NAM's involvement, enabling fresh perspectives on such issues as mandatory fee scales, greater lay representation on the body, ethically-based standards of professional conduct, etc. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Letter to J Allan from G R (Bob) Adams Subject The topic of the resource Letter to J Allan from G R (Bob) Adams (Chairman of ARCUK) Description An account of the resource Architects Registration Council of the United Kingdom ESTABLISHED UNDER THE ARCHITECTS (REGISTRATION) ACTS 1931 TO 1938 73 Hallam Street London WI N 6EE Tel: 01-580 5861 Registrar: Kenneth J. Forder M.A. GRA/CK 24 March 1987 J S Allan Esq Avanti Architects 39—41 North Road London N? 9DP Dear John During the years you have served on ARCUK we have technically been on opposite sides of the fence. However I am the first to say how much the Council has appreciated the good service you have done in being a spokesman for those architects on the Register who belong to no constituent body. I am quite sincerely sorry to see you going because I think you were really coming into your own as unofficial leader. However, as you have already said yourself you may well be back. sincerely G R Adams Chairman Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource GR Adams Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived JA Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 24.3.87 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/c0386911257410f75c9be29f16531f5e.pdf 629dd3fa078833b501e4c021ad416ff1 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Trade Unions and Architecture Description An account of the resource Themes included action on asbestos and Health &amp; Safety, and involvement with Direct Labour Organisations and Building Unions. Following comparative research of possible options, NAM encouraged unionisation of building design staffs within the private sector, negotiating the establishment of a dedicated section within TASS. Though recruitment was modest the campaign identified many of the issues around terms of employment and industrial relations that underpin the processes of architectural production. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource NAM & The Green Ban Subject The topic of the resource Green Ban Action Cttee Report "From Post Office to Leisure Centre" (4pp) Letter from Green Ban Action Cttee, NAM Notes, 5 AJ articles about indoor sports Description An account of the resource Birmingham's Victorian Post Office remains under the threat of demolition. This well- known building in Victoria Square, at the heart of the City, has been listed by the Department of the Environment as a building of architectural and historic merit. Yet a plan has been approved by the Council which would allow build a massive complex of high-rise office blocks. The consequences of such a plan serve present glut of uninspired and unused office space in Birmingham. The Post Office building should be cleaned up, renovated and used in a manner which is of | 2 T| \ y i 4\ Ljie} [ .(5E A Sad value to ordinary Birmir location and spaciousnes make this worthwhile. m people. Its e features that We are putting community. blueprint but are ideas that we hope will oper that the buildin ffWe developers to knock it down and in its place forward suggestions for the use of the building the interests of only a few and are counter to the wishes of many Birmingham people another interesting feature of the City's past Yet to serve the leisure needs of the local These are not intended to be a socially useful purpose up a discussion In Birmingham about the would be obliterated solely to add to the fulfil. IS THE BUILDING SOUND ? They point out that pluinbing and electrical installations would have to be renewed, and fireproofing carried out, but conclude, "In general the structure is sound...... There are several large spaces which can be used for a variety of purposes..... and many sports could be housed quite adequately.’ ITHAS BEEN DONE BEFORE Other large rooms would be right for boxing, judo, aihido, karate, weight-lifting and fencing. TOMORROW Sy| 1.Ne Basement areas are convertible to squash courts, sauna baths, and asolarium. Keep fit, yoga, and fitness-training could be found ideal space. In addition to such indoor sports facilities, the many good-sized rooms would be excellent for conferences, club meetings, rehearsals, small concerts, workshops and lobby rooms. Even some hostel accommodation could be considered on the lines of aY.M/W.C.A., along with bars, a café and daytime créche. Something for everyone in Brum, something filling a real need, something to help the City Centre come alive! POPULAR SPORTS HALL iu Humberside: Southampton: Railway station into sports hall. Army drill hall into sports centre. lam Tia Min aN LI|{iN On office space: 'Within the Central core the surplus could in theory ultimately be some 25%'.... ‘Within the rest of the Central Area the surplus will be 16.9% when construction is complete and would be 30.8% if planning consents are implemented.' They conclude: 'That a general improvement of the environment is required including extending pedestrianareas,cleaningupexistingbuildings, landscaping and, in particular, implementing Conservation Area policies.’ VICTORIASQUAREISACONSERVATIONAREA Yet MORE offices are planned! Berwick on Tweed: Corn exchange into swimming pool, Abingdon, Berks: Netherlands: Old Gaol into sports centre. Cattle market into Indoor SportsCefftreandswimming HE pool. al HHH Hi} HAL Mii RAILWAY STATION NEAR HULL am,. BIRMINGHAM NEEDS 20 LEISURE CENTRES AccordingtoSportsCouncilstandards,theCity sportslikefootball,cricket,cycling,golf, UH MeL i| | ‘ of Birmingham needs at least 20 multi-purpose Sports Centres. Instead, it has 4- one, (Wyndley) acquired by the Sutton Coldfield take- over, 2 University centres and one set up by private industry. Of course no urban area in the country comes up to Sports Council standards but most places are better off than Birmingham, For example, the combined population of Dudley, Wolverhampton, Walsall and Sandwell district councils - which is roughly equivalent to that of Birmingham - have access to 16 Sports Centres. The shortage in Birmingham means that there are inadequate indoor practice facilities for bowls, tennis, netball and archery; while the growth of sports like gymnastics, boxing, judo, fencing, wrestling, basketball, badminton and squash is severely retarded because there are not enough places to play. On top of that every social organisation knows that there are fewer and fewer city centre places either for their own group to meet, or toholdpublicmeetingsin. Thereishardly anywhere to practice music or to hold small concerts, film shows, or exhibitions. And what space there is for any of these activities is extremely expensive. Report from the New Architecture Movement THE PLANNERS’ VIEW HERE'S WHAT THEY SAY IN 'CITY CENTRE! a joint study team report issued in May 1976. 'The GPO is a typical late Victorian public building. It is an extremely well built, substant- ial structure and made from good quality materials. Until recently it has been well looked after. Any comments to the effect that it is unsafe are laughable.' 'The brickwork appeared to be in good condition and structurally sound with no visible signs of settlement cracking, bulging or out of plumb walls. «The timber windows were in good condition, but require redecoration...... codes Floor finishes were wood block of gocd quality except for an asphalted area on the ground floor cialcfeieteleInternal doors and other joinery appeared to be in reasonable condition although some The possibilities for re-use of the G.P.O, are almost endless. The two very long halls on the Hill Street side provide excellent conditions for bowling, cricket and indoor golf practice, and archery; alternatively these areas could accommodate two volley-ball courts, four badminton courts or ten table-tennis areas. replazing will be necessary.' (In accordance with Sports Council recommenda- tions.) ‘Outside of working and shopping hours .... an impression is gained of relative emptiness. This imbalance should be altered. The introduction of more housing into the centre as well as the Pansion of entertai and x ional facilities should certainly increase the vitality of the area outside the working day by keeping more people in the centre in the evening and at week-ends. ‘Tt isclear that leisure of all kinds is important in the City Centre not only as an ancillary to other activities but as a primary attraction. ....... * To save the Victoria Square G.P.O. * To prevent the building of more speculative office blocks. * To get the exterior of the G.P.O. cleaned. * To get the interior renovated to serve the leisure needs of the City WHAT WE'VE ACHIEVED Since the Green Ban Action Committee launched ‘ts campaign, we have seen the built environment taken more seriously in Birmingham, and planning permission turned down where the amenities or environment are threatened. In response to mounting pressure the City Council voted to investigate the cost of revoking the planning consent for the G.P.O. site. The resulting figure of £250,000 to £750,000 was pure guesswork. The idea is to compensate the developer for loss of value. We say that there is such a surplus of office space in Birmingham that it would have no value, therefore compensa- tion should be nil. We call in question a law which can channel such large sums of our money into the hands of the speculators - for doing nothing" A delegation from the W. Midlands T.U.C., to the City Council leader has resulted in a proposal to call a top-level conference, of all interested parties, including the Green Ban Action Committee. The aim is to seek a compromise. We cannot compromise if this still means building a £10 million office complex when there are so many real needs to be met. Green Ban Action Committee The Green Ban Action Committee is not simply another conservation group. A Green Ban is the action taken by groups of workers who refuse to work on socially and environmentally harmful projects. Our Committee believes that only by creating a broad alliance involving ordinary working people as well as dedicated conservation- ists, can effective action be taken to protect and improve our environment. The Green Ban Action Committee, therefore, is composed of members of trade unions, community organisations and environmental groups, and seeks to involve a very wide range of people in its campaigns. The collaboration among those who live in the local environment including those who create it by their labour, results in a very power- ful force. It raises the prospect of people working together to encourage projects of a socially useful and environmentally desirable nature, rather than leaving profit to determine the sort of environment that we live in, The approach taken by the Green Ban Action Committee is a new one in Britain and it is hoped that it will be taken up in other cities and localities throughout the country. THE PETITION To the Minister of the Environment - The Rt. Hon, Peter Shore: The undersigned call on the Minister to halt the demolition of Birmingham's Victozr.a Square Post Office, and prevent its replacement with unnecessary high-rise office blocks: 20,000 workers, citizens and visitors. Sir John Betjeman 42 County Councillors Eric Heffer, M.P. Millie Miller, M.P. Clive Jenkins (Gen. Sec. of A.S.T.M.S.) Charles Clarke (President, Nat. Union of Students) Joe Gormley (President, Nat. Union of Mine- workers) Glyn Lloyd (Executive member of U.C.A.T.T.) David Basnet (Gen. Sec. G.M.W.U.) Hugh Scanlon (President, A.U.E.W.) Bernard Dix (President, Nat. Union of Public Employees) Bill Ronxsley (President, A.S,L.E.F.) Ken Thomas (Gen.Sec. C.P.S.A.) Ben Rubner (Gen. Sec. Furniture, Timber, Allied Trades) Jack Jones (Gen. Sec. Transport and General) Ray Buckton (A.S.L.E.F.) Ken Gill (Gen. Sec. T.A.S.S.) In addition to signing the petition, these Trade Union leaders wish to be associated with the proposals to convert the G.P.O. to a CITY LEISURE CENTRE, (subject to feasibility); Chris Dark (Reg. Sec. T.A.S.S.) Gary Couch (President, B'ham Guild of Students) Phil Boothroyd (Reg. Sec. Musicians' Union) Jack Dunn (Nat. Union of Mineworkers, Kent) Alan Fisher (Gen. Sec. Nat. Union of Public Employees) Mick McGahey (President, Scottish Miners) Joe Whelan (Executive member, N.U.M.) Judith Hunt (Nat. Womens' Officer, T.A.S.S.) George Smith (Gen. Sec. U.C.A.T.T.) Stan Davison (Assistant Gen. Sec. T.A.S.S.) Ken Barlow, (Reg. Sec. U.C.A.T.T.) Roger Poole (Reg. Sec. N.U.P.E.) Brian Mathers (Reg. Sec. ‘I'ransport and General) What you can do — The aims of the campaign * Write to your M.P. » local councillor, and to the newspapers. i. Join us on Saturday mornings outside the G.P.O. with the petition. * Ask us for a speaker for your organiissaation or T.U. branch, . Published by the Green Ban Action Committee. * Write to the Post Office. * Send a donation to help the Campaign. 77 School Road, Hall Green, Birmi h PrintedattheArtsLab.,TowenistsSa ® and the W.Mids T.U.C., and annon-executive which makes it all a bit embarassing for him ) and I am advised that the proposed conference will take place at the end of September or beginning of October so we have e few weeks in hand. Although T have not had official confirmation yet, the likely date for seeing over the Post office is Sept. 16th at 2.0 p.m. (a Thursday) Most of the other people on the list can make it et that time, so I'm hoping very much that you can. Prior to this visit, some of us are going to see over the West Bromwich Leisure Centre — built by the Sandwell Corporation, and actually like ly to make a profit - some 10,000 people use it each week! Sutton Coldfield has smething similar. Birmingham has nothing of this kind of thing. Now, in arguing for retention of the P.0., we must have some ideas for alternative uses for this huge buiding (or. even if only the interesting front—piece vere retained, an alternative plan for the site that did not mean huge office blocks) If we suggest things like an exhibition spece, or art gallery, or museum, or information centre; or even creches, old people's centre etc., then we are lost because of the finencial situation — particularly with a Council (now Tory) who want to implement all the cuts in public expenditure. The thing about indoor sports and recreation fecilities is that they do seem to generate os fair amount of income. None of this might be possible of course in the present building end that is what we want your advice on — just what sort of alternative uses would be fessible. We must have something attractive to shout ebout otherwise we'll end up with a half victory with retention of the fecade,and the office blocks just the same. We have got to stop our supporters being won over by such a half measure. Car you ring me when you return from your holidry and read this and let me know if you can make it on the suggested date. I do hope you can. @ FAREEN BAN ACTION COMMITTEE 77, SCHOOL ROAD, HALL GREEN, TELEPHONE: 021-777-5726 BIRMINGHAM, B28 8JQ. 7-9-76 Dear John, Further to our telephone conversations of last week, I have talked with David Perris (Sec of both the Birmingham Trades Council, I look forwerd to hearing from you Best wishes, oe THIS IS 100% RE-CYCLED PAPER member of the Postal Board, bnitial nales folooeng ust bomnunghann fotofice on lo Sept 7e. resent. iA v2 = Af BiemngWa =fest FICE, DRAFT: > | ‘ lo Gpnsrad bachayeund ' i i the besten g urs At stywed by DW gear ? 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Preliminaries (a) consider purposes of survey, type of information required including type of drawings, reports, etc. and time allowed; (b) consider employment of qualified land surveyor, air surveyor, photographer, etc., if site is large, obtain client's approval and consider brief and programme; (c) consider requesting reports from local specialist sub-contractors or local supply companies on existing heating, hot water, electrical, gas or other services installation; obtain client's approval if necessary and consider brief and programme; (d) check what special fees, expenses, etc., have been agreed with the client; (e) check that client has right of access tosite; (f) check accuracy and availability of survey equip- ment, @.g.: compass level staff sighting rods and markers ladder chain manhole lifting irons tape 5’ 0" rod survey board scales camera Much of this equipment may be hired from surveying and drawing equipment suppliers. (g) consider appointments with local authority officers including Town Planning, Building Inspector, Public Health, Fire Brigade, etc.; (h) obtain Ordnance Survey sheet and/or Registered Land Plan and establish boundaries. General: Legal Obtain from the client or his agent: (a) names and addressos of solicitors/agonts; ({b) oxisting drawings; (c) property: leasehold, frechold, if ground rent, tithes or restrictives covenants as to usage, tenure or sale; (d) ownership of fences; (e) rateable values; (f) right of way; (g) insurances and insurance companies; (h) approvals already received; (i) highway rights. Building work: Legal Obtain from local or other statutory authority: (a) names and addresses of officials concerned; (b) town planning: requirements, restrictions and intentions; (c) future developments Including new roads and widening; (d) building surveyor: obtain copy of local special byelaws ifany; (e) copy of ordnance block plan; (f) submission requirements and forms and last date each month for submitting applications; (g) record plans for foundations, etc.; (h) building lines or restrictions; (i) possible road charges and liabilities; (j) Small Holdings Act, etc.; (k) restrictions under Clean Air Act; (I) ancient monuments or scheduled historic bulld- ings. . Services Obtain from local authority or public utilities: (a) names and addresses of officials concerned; (b) foul sewer: line and Invert levels; (c) surface water sewer: line and invert levels; (d) existing septic tanks and if emptied by the local authority; {e) future drainage schemes by the local authority: possible future connections and charges; (f) water supply; (g) electricity supply: voltage, capacity, AC or DC; (h) gas supply; (i) telephone service; (j) postal services. .Local enquiries 01 Part 3.523 Site and Building Surveys (a) mineral workings; (b) rallway or tubo tunnols; (c) springs; (d) level of water table; (e) ground movement or erosion. .Adjoining properties (a) general character, condition and usage; (b) rights of air and light; (c) conflicting interests; (d) subsidence evidence. Actual site (a) orientation; (b) prevailing wind; (c) local climatic or other hazards, e.g. sea alr, smoke, fumes; (il) views from anit on to site; (e) trees: species, height, girth and condition; (f) rock outcrops, gardens, ponds; c Site and Building Surveys Check List (a) present or future existence of undesirable features in proximity of site, e.g. sewage works, tanneries, aerodromes, dairies, railway sidings, rivers, ponds etc., liable to overflow or flooding on or near site; (b) age of property; (c)adequacyoflocalfacilei.g.ttiraensspo,rt,schools, shops, post; (d) names of reliable local bullders; (e) special materials available locally. .Underground hazards @ 2 =~ o a c~ EE 8. (g) soll, sub-soil, trial holes; (h) evidence of flooding or ground movement; (i) fences, gates, boundary/and retaining walls, ownership, condition; (\) Wuihting Wines; (k) paths, roads, pavings; (l) existing buildings: position and floor levels, obvious failures of materials or construction; (m) levels and sections reduced to ordnance datum by relation to bench mark; (n) position and description of bench marks or other datum points; (0) septic tanks; (p) manholes: invert and cover levels; (q) gullies; (rf) stopcocks; (s) hydrants; (t) overhead wires; (u) external lighting; (v) consecrated ground. 9. Buildings: Construction general (a) roof: construction, covering, pitch; roof lights, hatches; chimneys: flues, evidence of smoke or leaks In roof space, headroom; rainwater disposal, pipes, gutters, heads; flashings; aerials, wires; access on to roof and into roof space. (b) walls: construction: e.g. bond, gauge, type of brick; finishes, rendering, pointing; OPCs; flashings, copings; alrbricks; windows, sills, lintels; doors, sills, lintels. (c) basements: level of floor below ground; ventilation; damp proofing; drainage etc. (d) floors: construction: for timber floors; direction of joists, beams, trimmers; details of other types of floor construction; sleeper walls; OPCs; airbricks. (e) stairs: construction; floor to floor height; number of risers. 10. Bulldings: Room by room (a) floor including skirting; (b) walls including dado rail, cornice, airbricks; (c) ceiling; (d) doors including frame, architrave and iron- (e) electrical including fittings, sockets, switches; (f) heating and ventilation including radiators, valves, grilles, cookers, stoves, fireplaces; (g) sanitary fittings including baths, LBs, WCs, and cisterns, bidots, sinks, pipes, taps, Internal man- holes; (h) joinery fittings including cupboards, shelving, benches; (i) miscellaneous. 11. Buildings: Water supply (a) stopcocks, main supply and point of entry; (b) drain cocks; (c) piping; (d) circuits and external water points; (e) insulation; (f) cisterns, size supports, insulation access; (g) all sanitary fittings and services, including taps, traps, puff pipes, wastes; (h) adequacy and typo of supply, pressure hardnoss, neod for analysis, o.g. well water, lead pipes carrying soft water; wells, springs, underground or under-floor storage tanks, pumps or rams. 12. Buildings: Drainage (a) surface water: record plan, levels, disposal means; (b) sewage: record plan, levels, disposal means, If combined system or otherwise; (c) manholes: invert and cover levels; (d) gullies, vent pipes, fresh air inlets, interceptors, grease traps, pumps (test pipes and manholes by water test). 13. Buildings: Hot water (a) system; (b) piping; (c) circuit; (d) draincocks; (e) cylinder; (f) insulation; mongery; 14. Building: Heating and ventilation (a) system; (b) fittings: radiators, convectors, grilles, fans, filters, diffusers etc. (c) piping; (d) circuits; (e) draincocks; (f) expansion tank; (g) insulation; (h) boiler and flue; (i) safety valve, thermometer, thermostat, altitude gauges, fusible links, controls, pumps; (g) (h) (i) (j) (k) boiler and flue; safety valve, thermometer, thermostat; fuel and storage; efficiency test and/or report from local specialist if necessary; running costs. Part 3,523 Site and Building Surveys 02 Aeceavoreoaiemcme anna RR ec NERC verere @ © (j) fuel and storage; (k) efficiency test and/or report from local specialist if necessary; (I) running costs; (m) refrigeration. .Building: Electrical (b) engine pits, beds, ducts; (c) fire equipment: sprinklers, foam hydrants, etc., illuminated and other fire signs; (d) emergency lighting. .Buildings: Reports The architect or surveyor should carefully define in his report whether or not he was able to see Inside the structure of a building. If able to do so, describe ex- actly how much he was able to see and where. The state of the rest of the building should not be inferred from the sight of one piece of it. (a) (b) (c) overhead or underground; plot poles, wires or cables on survey; meters and main switchgear, phasing, voltage, amperage, AC or DC; wiring external and internal; @ (4) (e) system, conduits and earthing; (f) distribution boards; (g) light points and amperage including external 1 lighting; (h) special fittings: fans, cooker panels, low voltage transformers, bell system; (i) test and report by local supply company if neces- sary with advice on size and adequacy of main cable for future loading. Buildings: Gas (a) main size, depth and position; (b) meters: adequacy for future requirements; (c) points and fittings, flue, hoods, etc.; (d) test and report by local supply company if neces- sary with advice on size and adequacy of main supply for future loading. 1 .Building: Other services (a) telephone: overhead wires (plot poles on survey); (b) lightning precautions and conductors; (c) steam; (d) compressed air; (e) standby electricity engines or batteries; (f) public address systems; (g) lifts: hydraulic, electric or hand; (h) refrigeration; (i) escalators; (j) pneumatic tubes; (k) central vacuum; (Il) closed circuit television, etc. 18, Buildings: Structural defects Shute Te Golesi] {a) (b) (c) (d) @ (e) 6 (h) floors; @ (i) deflection on beams, lintels, etc.; o (i) cracks at beam bearings; (k) smells; (\) condition of basements. 19. Building: Specialist fittings (a) altars, vestment presses, tabernacles; 03 Part 3.523 Site and Building Surveys dry rot and causes; damp patches and causes; evidence of rodents, woodworm, beetle (death- watch, Lyctus, etc.), insects; recent repairs and decorations; settloment cracks or mis-shapen openings, skirting or window gaps; bulges in walls, walls out of plumb; @ (f) (g) sagging roofs; LPRAL A statement in terms stipulated in the indemnity in- surance policy, or similar to the following wording should be included at the end of the relevant section of the report: ‘It was not possible to make a detailed examination of either the floor or roof construction except at the positions described above, as to do so would have required material damage being done to obtain ac- cess. Itis, therefore, impossible to make any statement on the condition of the unexamined structure.’ Where applicable, the client should be advised to call in a specialist in rot, woodworm, etc., to make a more detailed examination. ~i =a Detailed Brief: Room by Room 3, (b) floor: (c) skirting: (d) ceiling: 4, Services (a) lighting (general): intensity typo (b) lighting (local): intensity type (c) heating: temperature limits (d) ventilation: (e) electric power: socket outlets __ equipment loads) Sys eae aexACISpn/DCEASoe Se 5soundinsulation aie__(f)gas: oes ee Date Job Job No. Floor Room No. | Room 1, Uso of room 2. Construction (a) walls: sound insulation thermal Insulation (b)floor: & a. oading iene eee a 3. Finishes characteristics _() walls: thermal insulation vibration (c)celling: sound insulation thermal Insulation isapesise stk: (g) phones: i exter al}, isiadasyed tvesinreesineaerioer tae ___Internal (h) washing facilities: sink washbasin (i) special services: compressed air +bene eotioae Lee Part 3.524 Detailed Brief (Room by Room) 01 @ © fire alarms etc. 5.Doors (a) solid: glazed clear: glazed obscure: vision panel only: (c) escape requirements: (d) others: 6.Windows (a) construction: type ventilation (b) glazing: clear obscuro double (d) tables: (e) others: 8. Loose furniture : 7. Fixed fittings (a) cupboards: type 02 Part 3.524 Detailed Brief (Room by Room) 9. Other requirements of —— @ 4, (i) fume cupboards 7. (b) benches: (e) others: of (b) given to public address speakers (c) window furnishings: (b) security: : aa (d) blinds or curtains: (a) obtained from (c) locking: 10. Information EONTY A] Information Library Appraisal David Crease* public inquiry were commodiously installed when it ’ removed, inspector, witnesses ies and all, 10 the new centre There v is no doubt, therefore, that the ratepayers’ moncy was well spent when itwas decided in 1972 to vy 4 ; otic $: He 2 S *David Crease runs York University Design Unit, the arch ectural practice which forms part of the Institute of Advanced Architectural Studies D Ground floor plan. > <. vor XS Ss 4 . i "plecasas asa Lifeiscertainlybetterin ©Sean dd community centre isopen. The starsoftheoperaticsocictyno < longer have to dash in costume from temporary changing rooms through darkness and drizzle to the schoo! hall. Nor do club members at their annual dinner dance now have to brave the rigours of the hotel courtyard to get from the dining room to the small and awkwardly 45100 peMar ar shaped ballroom. Those A seventy people who crowded out the council offices at a recent Saeki mi awd | The Architects’ Journal 24 January 1976—C1/SfB 532 2 A strong incentrve to enter with a glimpse of an inviting interior. Northallerton now that the ae aioe go ahead with aschemesimilar to that of the competition winner. 7 | ask The setting Northallerton has one good, broad main street, but turning down the side roads the quality ebbs away, The new building is stranded in one such backwater, and being relatively small and at present partly hidden behind a school, it can neither establish a . dominance over the scene nor wholly redeem it.Nevertheless itis wholly trim, gay and positive, and stands outas@ welcome affirmation ofthe eloquence of good design amid the mumbled platitudes of its surroundings. First impressions are ofan assembly of brick forms, octagonal or nearly so, punctuated with squarewindows coloured sometimes with brilliant yellow blinds drawn down in the afternoon sun. The octagonal entrance ispowerfully attractive, 2. Iris all glass around a bright red metal structure. The setting will be improved ifand when, as the designers claim, the school is demolished. Itis a pity that when approached from the town centre the view of the building has been partly obscured by agrass mound. It would have been better to keep the site as flat as a tray. - ~ sd mts LE 49/m" qf tile liga, 1H nits (12 68/m'*. 10+ 23 mm tongued and grooved softwood lining, 22 m': £8 9m". Pelmnets, 12 mm ply lining on steel frarning end supports, 146 m": cistern 4-10 m bong for 8 no we pane Slab tinal 1-60 m Jong including divisions and ends Javatory basins Do 3-10 m long Double drainer sink top 1 steel «1s white vitreous china 19 do 1 do 1 stainless steel £9 92)m*. Preliminaries and insurance Contingencies Work below lowest floor finish Cost Per per cent m* of i total 12°75 9/56 2-78 «2-08 13-78 10-33 Structural elements @::: loper floors Roof Roofiights Staircases External walls Windows External doors Partitions Internal doors Ironmongery Total of structural elements 0-84 0-63 1-75 «13d 18:70 14°02 0-43 0-32 0-83 0-62 15°74 11°80 O45 OS 1:66 1°24 11°36 «8°52 1-96 «61°48 1:06 0-79 54-78 41-07 -3 Finishes and fittings Total of services Total All by Keith Gibson Shower hose complete and shower trays Low level we suites 13) do Galvanised flushing 2 do External works Paths pay nt ateps: brick paviors, road: tarmacadaim, car parks: bitumen macadam, Retaining walls: 338 mm brick walls,faced. Landscaping: remodelling, rotovauing, secding. Water, ga5, electrical and post office connections, Diversion of electrical, water mains, moving existing lamp standards. Total: £21 677 03. cy lighting. General lighting and stage Ughtng Breakdown of electrical serovees Meter and switchgear Lighting installation Power installation Light fittings Builders’ work ‘Total Stage lighting equipment ana fictings. cost perm" 0:56 5°25 1-48 4-40 ou 1180 Vitthogs 0 Metal grille to bin store Signs £ 120 Hat and coat rails and 50 office fitings Counters 00 Bar fittings Stackable seating and bar furniture Worktops in changing arcas oo Benching to changing rooms . Services Sanitary fittings Belfast sink 1-38 600 #00 500 500 no material 1 white vitreous Cost per m' of floor area £174 258 72 (net cost excluding external works) china 133-37 1307 m* (measured inside externalwalls) The Architects’ Journal 28 January 1976—Cl, SB 532 é AJ Information Library Deveretion se Three ost julsom punt on plastered walls. KPS two undercoats and one full gloss on woodwork, Two coats “Albi’ flame retardent paint on plywood linings. One coat primer, one oF two uiuleronats and one full gloss om ayesha Cold water services £161 Copper tube with Yorkshire fittings; Anaubation ty panes anal tank Storage capacity of tanker 910 litres, No of cold draw-olf points: 34. Builders’ work: £0: 03/m', Hot water services £186 Copper tube 19 mm diameter to 54 mm diameter with Yorkshire fittings. Pipe insulation. No of hot draw-off points: 24, Builders’ work: £004 im*. Heating services ae Gas boiler 320 litre tank and ball valve. & no mechanical convectors. 7 no radiators Mild steel tubing 12 mm-54 mm. diameter; insulation. Total heat oad: 300 kW. Builders’ work: £0: 08/m'. Ventilation services 4-63 Alr handling unit: mixing box, filters, heaters, batteries, fans. Supply, recirculation and fresh air ductwork, insulation, Including motors and controllers etc. Builders’ work: £0 09/m'". Electrical services Main switchboard and sub distribution. Lighting installation. 11-80 probable benefits to energy conservation, Flexibility is achieved by using adouble line Contractors of hardwood veneered sliding partitions for £59-40/m*, which are an expensive item but an essential partofthe design. The construction of the basement area is incorporated in the foundation cost, butstructural elements are proportionately somewhat more expensive than average. Finishings have beenselected to require little or no maintenance and sometimes, a5 in the use of faced brickwork instead of plaster finish, may produce cost advantages that can ease pressure elsewhere and permit brick paviors (£5-91/m*) and maple strip flooring (£7-97/m®) for the major floor areas. Note that ceilings include asignificant sum for pelmets. The fitting clement includes amajorsum for stackable seating, an item frequently providedoutside the building contract. Services are modest and have been contained within the boundsof the cost plan, ifone overlooks the unforeseen effects of inflation and later more stringent requirements of the fire officer. The major clement of electrical installation includes minimal stage lighting, and special services largely relate to kitchen equipment which provides 300 meals ona re-heat basis. The various requirements for external works increase the building cost by 12) percentand include diversion of existing mains services. Photographs ’ Finishes and “a5: fittings Wall finishes 2 Lightweight plaster on brick or block walls, 486 ms £2°74 im Wate wager wall les 4 BS §281, Ved wt ce abs 42 mm thick tongued and grooved and y jointed mepte lining on battens, 15 m': £26: 62/m". 4mm INT quality plywood panel lining, 40 m*; £2°15/m". Total no of lighting outlets; 255. Total no of power outlets 122. Total electrical load: 100 kW. 6 mm clear plate glass mirrors (17 no), 5m: £27-93/m'. Special services Kitchen equipment, fire fighting equipment and fire alarm systern, public address system. fA-02 Cost comment Drainage £303 Sepa system comprising: 102 mm diameter cast iron drain pipes internal, 102 mm stoneware flexible jointed drain pipes external, 13 no brick manholes. 75 mm diameter perforated clay land drains. Summary of element costs Main contractor: R. B A. Moody Brothers (Contractors) Ltd. Nominated subcontractors: Vestibule steel Archbell Greenwood Ltd. Kitchen equipment Benham & Son Ltd. Bar grill Bolton Gate Co Ltd. Hardwood flooringBuckley Flooring & Polish Co, Smoke vent Crittall Construction Ltd. Mechanical services Ellis Mechanical Services Ltd.Public address system Futurama. Aluminium doors and windows Hills Glass & Windows Led.Folding partitions Lenscrete Led Wall finishes Floor finishes Ceiling finis! 2-03 1-52 5:62 4:21 305 2°29 148 2 4:00 3:00 and mat wells Nuway Manufacturing Co Lid. Stacking chairs PEL Ltd. Re flooring Pierhead Lr. Ironmongery Rycrofts Ltd. Rooflights Transplastic Ltd.Signs Ward & Co (Letters) Ltd. Window blinds Westmorland Sunblind Co. Suppliers: Sanitaryware Armitage Shanks Led. Facing bricks, brick slips, brick paviors Gibbons Northern Brick Co. Purldeck roof decking ICI Purlboard Insulation Products. Roof beams Hope Decoration Fittings Total of finishes and fittings 16-18 12°13 . Services Anchor Beams Ltd. Febtect celling finish Feb (Great Britain) Ltd Curtaining Rank Strand Led. Landscaping EasingwoldLandscapes. Santiary appliances 1-38 «61-03 J soll and overflow pipes Cold water servi Hot water services Heating services Ventilation services Electrical services Special services Drainage O24 0-18 261 012d 186 «(1°39 463 347 453 3-40 11-80 «8-85 4:02 3:02 3-03 2-28 Wastesollandevertiowpipesom 19 mum copper overtlow pipesandl fircings. 32 men and 34 mm pve pipes, do. a mm and 75 men pve vert pipes, lo. Fire alarm. lighting ins Stage fittings Rank Strand Electric Sovercign Works. Civic hall roof structure Space Decks Ltd Asphalt tanking and roofing Tunstall Seyssel & Limmer Rock Asphalt Co Lid. Nominated suppliers: Tinted glass Thomas Bennett Ltd. Steel reinforcement BriushReinforced Concrete Engineering Co Ltd. Fire fighting equipment Dunford Fire Engineering Ltd Steel roof beams Dunlop & Ranken Led Extract fans Greenwood Airvac Ltd. Door mats Floor finishes (5°62 Vinyl tile paving; 100 mm skirting, 90 m*: £3 31/m'*. Brick paviors on 25 mm bed, 399 m*: £5: 91/m". Quarry tiles on 35 mmm bed, 150 mm skirting, 125 m': £6 96/m", 2mm sheetvinyl;100mmsoftwood skirting, 107 m*: £4°74 mt. 47 mm cement and sand bed; 100 mm softwood skirting, 166 m*: Li 82/m" 25 mm thick maple strip flooring, 375 m': £797) mm". Celling finishes 3-05 12-7 mm plasterboard and skim, $01 mt: £3 tim". 12 7mm plasterboard and textured The tender for Northallerton Community Centre, obtained in mid 1973, incorporated the dying mandatory government requirement for afixed price where the period of contract was to run for two ycars. Subsequently with theeffects of three day weeks, oil crises, and other major economic ills, it became impossible toobtain fixed price offers equivalent to the main conditions for major work covered by pc sums. It may therefore broadly be assumed that these were subject to cost increase. Difficulties were encountered in adhering to the original concept of the window wall design despite thespecialist advice incorporated in the cost plan, The analysis has been based on the original tenderand therefore neither incorporates these increases, nor the later enhanced requirements of the fire prevention officer. The building isone of interconnected blocksofsingle storey structure witha semi-basement area for the chair store, and isgenerally composed of load bearing brick walls with a flat timber roof structure over the smaller areas, and aspace deck over the main halls. The latter at an inclusive cost of £31°87/m* formed a substantial part of thestructural cost. Included in external walls, with a wall/fioor ratio around 1:1, one may observe that thecurtain walling averaged £41- 29/m*, although glazed walls are restrained to about 20 per cent © of the vertical envelope with ; AJ Trtvomerion Tabrary yw asubsrantial housing development. The general soil condition is a thin layer of top soil with very high pH values overlying pure chalk. Thearchitectsfeltthatthecentre stwould be sited along the top of the bank overlooking exisung playing ficlds, using the magnificent mature trees of the wooded area as a backcloth for the sports centre. Tree surgery where necessary ensured continued health. Beech dominates and the delicate tracery of upper branches can be seen from inside the building through high level perimeter glazing. D First floor plan latter entirely contained by topographical features—grass banks to south and west, retaining wall to the cast and the old rifle butt wall to the north. Good mature trees (horsechestnut, lime andwalnut) on the grass bank to the west emphasise the sense of enclosure. Beech will be planted on the southern bank and additional earth moulding will strengthen it.A Breedon gravel footpath takes pedestrians to the sports centre and connections to this path from the car park ensure maximum separation of pedestrians from cars. bakery 200 practee hot ican Tear [ete}nore com tal The path benefits from an existing planting of berry bearing trees which become quite dramatic in autumn. The steep bank on which the sports centre stands will be planted exclusively with aprostrate evergreen cotoneaster; this will forma dark green bank for most of the year but become a blaze of bright red in autumn as the tquanh coms yectoron gery Ve d weasan qaiey OFF Area 1, with which this study is = eel the building and the car park, the concerned, accommodates berries ripen. Surrounding areas will be landscaped and various pitches laid. Design Asa result of site requirements the building was designed asa simple rectangular box, sited on top of the bank and in front of the wooded area. The structural stcel frame supporting the roof isexposed to give a feeling of rhythm and scale to the building. Brick was used inside and out up to a height of 2-1 m (door height) and above this the secondary steel frame is clad externally with horizontal metal boarding and internally with timber boarding. Above the cladding, perimeter glazing at about 45° connects to a deep fascia which accommodates a roof void used as a crawl space to service lighting and heating equipment. As there are no low level window openings itwas felt that the high level perimeter glazing, giving glimpses of sky and trees, would adda feeling of spaciousness to many areas. Extensive use is made of ce— xz2®: "The Architects’ Journal 22 October 1975—ClI/SfB 561 2 Main north elevation from beyond sports field. Long low profile kept below tree line lessens impact, anchors building fo ground. mere n 2L | io] osce hal ee ed ext owe mon pot yon hot :*"; og s= Fis Hot water services 1-18 The hot water installation comprises a high output module calorifier thermostatically controlled at the boiler primary side to maintain « stored blended water temperature of 43°.Wateratthistemperatureis Lightningconductor oo circulated to all draw-off fittings, including changing room showers, dispensing cold water supplics and local mixing valves. Foot operated valves control all taps (excluding cleaning sinks and refreshment kitchen); therefore, with recessed pipework and shower discharges, problems of vandalism have been reduced to a minimum, All points requiring hotter water have a local electric water heater. Heating services £14-08 Automatic firing by two fuel burners incorporating 35 sec Redwood No 1 gas oil and natural gas. Public address (pool alarm system and radio microphone) 0°69 Secondary lighting installation 0:98 Fire alarm installation 0-20 Swim time installation 1:12 11-38 Drainage Pye system, brick manholes, soil drains to sewer. Surface water drains to sonkaways. Total per m'of floor area £144-64 £597 397 (net cost excluding external works) Two high efficiency steel boilers power pool water heating, air handling equipment, underfloor heating, conventionalradiator/fanconvector ee works circuits and hot water service. All major areas such as pools, halls, changing rooms, rifle range, suana suite are served by ceiling void dair handling units d. ibuti through ductwork thermostatically controlled, filtered and heated fresh air which, incorporated with the extract system, maintains the air change rate applicable in any given area. Supply and extract to pool areas arc based on a 10 per cent negative pressure to discourage spread of chlorinated fumes throughout the building. The services ceiling void, although fully lined against vapour penetration, also incorporates filtered warmed fresh airfrom two Pressurisation units, again to discourage spread of chlorine vapour. Main pool and learner pool surrounds,men'sandwomen’swet insurances changing rooms, locker arca and entrance foyer have an in-floor piped heating systern capable of maintaining floor surface temperatures of 27°8°C, In addition to the vertical wall face, mainandlearnerpoolsideofthe raised viewing platform are heated to a temperature of 27-8°C. All other areas, ie administration, corridors,entrances, areheatedby conventional radiators/fan convectors, except squash courts which have cold supply and extract ventilation only. From the pump header mains are taken to non-storage beat exchangers for rapid heating of pool water. Temperatures of 27°C main pool and 28°C learner pool are maintained, Ventilation services £727 Incorporated with the running of the supply air handling units the extract systern maintains a controlled air change rate, Extraction is generally by means of individual roof mounted extract fans with connecting ductwork to grille positions at appropriate ceiling levels. All grilles and ductwork internal and external, are treated to resist corrosion, Supply air grilles incorporate opposed blade dampers to achieve a degree of air volume regulation. 291 2-01 667 4-61 3:41 2-36 Ltd, Metal cladding and roof decking H. H. Robertson (UK) Lid (supplier). Suspended cellings Thermal and Acoustic Installations Ltd. Aluminium doors and screens Individual fan units ventilate working rooms of main plant room; continuous Decoration floorlevelextractioninchlorinegas Fittings and part toughened glass were bottle store. Builders’ work: £0°35/m". Electrical services os Lighting in main sports areas generally recessed high pressure mercury dischargelampstoalevelofabout Waste,soiland 28:55 19-73 O81 0-56 0-56 0-39 1-02 O-71 1:18 0-82 14-98 10-35 727) «5-02 5-33 3-68 41-38 (7-88 2:00 1-44 350 tux. Accent lighting with tungsten spots and floods in display areas. Pye conduit and trunking throughout to combat corrosive chlorine fumes. Breakdown ef electrical services Meter and switchgear Lighting installation Power installation Lighting Gittings Builders’ work Total Total no of lighting outlets: 544. Total no of power outlets: 111. overflow pipes Cold water services Hot water services Heating services Ventilation services Electrical services Special services Drainage of services Total External works £27 096 * Three filter shells provide 2/3 stand-by cover for learner and main pool filtration system. plaster cost £10+23/m?*. Ceiling finish to the pool arcas isperforated aluminium boarding at £9-01/m* which docs much to enhance the building's acoustics, Services account for over 30 per eentottotalaosteaideach section is carefully detailed in the analysis. Among the more unusual items are the pool filtration and plant wiring at Lid. Gep cold water storage tanks BLT.R. Plastics Ltd, Kitchen equipment G. F. B. Bartlett & Son Le. Design for climbing wall: Peter Knight. Sculpture: Geoffrey Clarke (commissioned 1964, gift from Mrs Woodhall), Opening plaque: ‘Hill’ Clarke. Photographs Henry Law Cost per m* ip O-o1 o.os 0:06 251 0-30 5:33 _144.68100-00 hig eyaghemaathehiaITSaa Special services f11-38 Com per m* 157 5-70 1-03 Cost comment That the tender was obtained for less than £600 000 must have delighted the clients and this may have been in no small way due to the close co-operation of al concerned prior to tendering. A selected list of four contractors, representing national, regional and local building firms was drawn up. Each organisation was then invited separately to discuss the scheme with the design team before the tender period began. All aspects, ranging from method of construction and materials specified to which details were approximately £28 000 anda “swim-time’ installation for £4700. Because the decision to use both oil and gas to fire the boilers was made midway through the contract the cost of the change to dual-fuel burners is excluded from the analysis. External works at £27 096 account for less than 5 per cent of the net cost but the access road and car parking were completed in advance of this contract. Some site clearance items, landscaping and overspill parking costs are also not included in the analysis. Lift installation (3 floors) Pool filtration installation® Filtration plant wiring 4129 m* (measured inside external walls) firm and which had yet to be finalised, were open to examinationandsuggestion.A Maincontractor:Hayrmills and site cl pe (asphalt) and paths (brushed (c +) Lt Subcontractors: Mechanical services Culver Heating Co Lid. Filtration system Biwater seaiment Co Ltd. Gas chlorination s: Wallace& Tiernan Co Ltd. lafloor heating Thorn Benham Ltd. Ductwork Colchester Light Engineering Co Ltd. Submersible pumps Flyght Purnps Lid. Freestanding chimney stack Beaumont Ltd. Thermal Insulation to pipes Ipswich Insulation Led. Electrical installation M.G. Installations Ltd. Public address systern Intercom Lid. Lift installation Becker Equipment & Lifts Ltd. Lightning protection Gray Ltd. Structural steelwork Robert Stevenson (Structural) Lid. concrete, brick paviors), dwarf walls (brick), steps (brick paviors), ing (soiling, seeding, planting), fencing (chain link), service connections. Total; £27 096, Summary of element costs — a ee Preliminaries and Cost per m' £ Per cent of total Contingencies Work below lowest floor finish Ditto forming main pool Structural elements Frame Upper floors Suspended learner pool and surround Roof Staircases External walls Windows External doors quantities. 5-67 3-92 Tris,perhaps,areflectionofthe PatentglazingPillarPatentGlazing Partitions 733) 5:07 Internal doors Ironmongery if4 1 o-71 O 52-85 36-52 Total of elements ctural Finishes and fittings Wall finishes Floor finishes Lining to main pool Lining to learner pool Ceiling finishes 2:85 1-97 7-74 «46-03 264 1°82 1:14 0-79 7-05 «4:87 0-70 0°48 6-69 4°76 only ginallymore expensive Total of finishes and fittings at {19: 31/m*, The wall; floor ratio is calculated at 0°69:1. Internally most brick and block walls are mainly fairfaced with . Services little plaster visible except to the Squashcourtswherespecial IronmongeryA,C.Leigh(Suffolk) Sanitary appliances service fi id ’ B Site agent of cach firm were asked to attend so that by the time atender was required the contractors were as familiar and aware of the project as possible. Work began on site in March 1973; completion was 27 months later, progress having been delayed by the three-day week. Tenders were invited cither on a fixed price or fiuctuating basis, the fixed price offer was accepted on a provisional bill of contractor’s awareness of the project that the preliminarics section of the bill accounted for lessthan4percentofcostsata TomexProductsLtd.Granwood time when the building industry was buoyant. Noteworthy among the flooring Granwood Lid. Durabella flooring Phoenix Floors Ltd. Solar protection Berkeley Ltd. Roofing Belmont Building Supplies Ltd. Suppliers: Boilers pumps Hoval (UK) Ltd. Dual burners Weishaupt (UK) Ltd. Air handling equipment Myson Brooks Led. Protective paints Berger Chemicals. Acoustic ceilings Dampa (UK) Ltd. Tiles In pool and pool hall Langley London Ltd. Carpet tiles Heuga UK Ltd, Wood decoration/ preservation Sadolins (UK) Lid. Wood spread of flame treatment Oxylene treatment by Gliksten Lid. Wall Insulation L.C.1. Ltd. Roof insulation (Roofmate) Dow Chemical Co Lid. Fire protection to steel Cementatiog Lid Cavity Alling (ley snaltied) Hentokil Lud, We and . ative L 1d. Louvred metal doors Greenwood Airvac Ventilation Lid. Sauna and solarium equipment Hantalsami Saunas Ltd, External and internal facing Ibstock Building Products Led. Lockers and seating W. 5B. Bawn & Co Ltd. Sports equipment Nisson Lid. Swim Contemporary Engineering Co Ltd. Internal signs Aquarius Graphic. External signs Pitt Signs Lad. Drainage and plumbing pipework Marley Extrusions Lid. Roller shutters Syston Rolling Shutters Ltd. 15-70 10-85 structural elements isthe roof 4:35 3-01 190 #1931 647 4:47 1-55 «1-07 10:03 6-83 2:42 1°67 0-75 0-52 which contains an inverted roof membrane assembly with troughed metal decking at £12-98/m*. The main frame carrying the roof, with perimeter columns placed outside the external cladding and asecondary frame Supporting the upper floor, is priced at £15°70/m? overall. The three different external wall solutions are not dissimilar in cost, the metal cladding at £18-96/m* being only 15 per cent more expensive than the cheapest form (brick cavity walling). Even the patent glazed arcas consistingof part wired Contractors £ E =\- 5 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Green Ban Action Cttee NAM Notes, AJ articles Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Murray Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 1976 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/dc4369feadfeb1022f050a519d19cdca.pdf 754fc750fbbc3a249e5d94b12df73af9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Public Design Group Description An account of the resource <p><span style="font-weight:400;">Argued that it was only through the public sector that the majority of people could have access to the land and resources needed for housing, education and other essential services. The task was therefore to reform the practice of architecture in local councils to provide an accessible and accountable design service. The Public Design Group proposed reforms to the practice of architecture in local councils to provide a design service accessible and accountable to local people and service users. The following 6 Interim Proposals were developed which were later initiated and implemented in Haringey Council 1979-1985 by NAM members. </span></p> <ul><li style="font-weight:400;"><span style="font-weight:400;">Local area control over resources </span></li> <li style="font-weight:400;"><span style="font-weight:400;">Design teams to be area based </span></li> <li style="font-weight:400;"><span style="font-weight:400;">Area design teams to be multi-disciplinary </span></li> <li style="font-weight:400;"><span style="font-weight:400;">Project architects to report directly to committee</span></li> <li style="font-weight:400;"><span style="font-weight:400;">Abolish posts between Team Leader and Chief Architect </span></li> <li style="font-weight:400;"><span style="font-weight:400;">Joint working groups with Direct Labour Organisations</span></li> </ul> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource a REAL guide to Liverpool Subject The topic of the resource What architects do-some views from the ground by group of Liverpool architects Description An account of the resource ahs dt Merseyside Weak Architecture 1945 -1995? p 5 Raverttain and Price 10p . Blind Guide (25p &employedRIGAmember) We only work here! Written by a group of designers in Liverpool interested in looking for real solutions to thecitie yOoblems aREAL— torosea| Living ‘on’ Cities 1.WHAT DO ARCHITECTS DO? ~ 2.WHO CONTROLS US? 3. WHAT ARCHITECTS HAVE DONE IN LIVERPOOL. 1. WHAT ARCHITECTS DO — SOME VIEWS FROM THE GROUND. The following summarises discussions between people working for different arch’ ts practices during a series of ‘designers meetings’ held in Liverpool in the first uif of 1978. Most people know we have something to do with designing buildings, but what isitreally like? A. HOUSING — which makes up about 50% of al buildings built. 4. WHERE ARE WE NOW, AND HOW DO WE CONTINUE? In Liverpool one years housing output is made up by: Housing Co-ops and Associations doing about 1,000 conversions and 200 new houses. Council new housing, falling from 966 completions this year to less than 60 by 1982. Building companies ‘build for sale’, just started with 670 completions this year with a total of 2250 completed by 1982. Also there is the council’s modernisation programme programme and some grant improvement work, 5. THE ‘REPRODUCTION’ OF ARCHITECTS Clearance programmes have virtually stopped, and with Housing Associations rehabil- itating the remaining stock at a fairly constant rate or providing ‘specialist’ new houses (pensioners, young people etc.) the large numbers of empty sites around previously ear marked for council redevelopment will be now rapidly filled with low-density, suburban- type housing produced by the speculative divisions of Unit, Wimpey, Broseley and other familiar building firms. The council's own building programme is rapidly grinding toa halt. In Liverpool, the need is to organise and co-ordinate action and discussion between architects and other groups Designers need to open up a description of their skills which enables them to work alongside other groups rather than feeling that if they do not lead, they have failed. There is an increasing number of examples of environmental and building work being done in either a collective or co-operative way. These two articles are written partly from discussions held in the first half of this year by people interested in forming a non-professional group of building designers Now a clearer picture has emerged, a group will be formed in the autumn to continue analysis, formulate acticn on certain issues, and take on projects. If you are working in architecture or building design, want to know more about architectural organisation and practice, doing or needing projects which involve a Housing Associations are directly controlled by central government's Housing Corp- oration, originally intended to encourage small-scale organisations to develop housing which was more responsive to people’s needs (and architects and designers would be able to work more closely with tenants). The local authority system was seen to have become too cumbersome and type-cast. Now, however, the two Liverpool ‘giants’ which do the majority of the work have almost equally hierarchical structures. Another prob- lem is that the independence of associations from the local council and ‘democracy’ leaves them open to control in some cities by managers who pursue their own self-inter- est to the extent that they become like the old private landlords. Architects who discussed their work in a larger association felt they were being edged out of the hierarchy by more politically-oriented housing and building managers or surveyors. The idea of a closer relationship with tenants in design has faded as ‘feedback’ from tenants is chanelled in the form of the association management's briefing of the architectural team. Architects seldom have a place on a management team, and the con- trolling Housing Corporation itself has a distinct lack of architect members. Discussion of the range of different design possibilities, or factors such as the need for better methods of energy conservation to keep heating costs down in the future are therefore left out of the associations’ policies. In this situation design has become, like many other jobs, mechanistic: tight Housing Corporation control has squeezed design. Pressure on architects’ fees is forcing them to minimise time spent in the important early stages of design when liaison with tenants could be most useful. With only half a day during an average week spent on the drawing board, the rest of the time is taken up with form-filling and bureacratic pro- cedures, The cost of any such design choices as can be made is often outweighed pure- ly by the amount the cost of work rises while waiting for central government decisions. Preparatory work done on schemes which are subsequently axed is not paid for. Although architects can be rightly criticised for wasting money in the past, to cut out design altogether is both to threaten our jobs and waste even more money by not designing what tenants need. collective way of working etc., contact: ; ‘Designers Meeting’, c/o School of Architecture, University, Liverpool. The contributors to group discussion were:— Mike Brown, Paul Coats, Chris Cripps, Robb MacDona Bill Halsall, Jonty Godfrey, Frank Horton, Nigel J Graham Ward and others. The articles as published 4o not necessarily represent the Id, Don Field, Pete Gommon, ones, Alison Lindsay, Weak and its 1978 Conference in Liverpool: views of contributors. n from the RIBA‘s brochure for Merseyside Architecture The cover is take sares ‘Living in Cities. The Housing Co-ops, with a much smaller turnover, offer the possibility of tenant con- trol in that tenants’ co-ops own the houses by paying only a nominal membership fee. In-house architects are service agencies to the co-ops, and people working in this situation felt that, as a result, the housing product was a better deal for tenants. But the co-ops tend to be sited only in the city’s ‘crisis areas’ and don’t give an opportunity for better design as such: architects had become involved in forming a more direct relat- ionship with tenants, builders and the Housing Corporation in places in which any of the other housing solutions would be unworkable. The architect was merely outlining the rigours of housing legislation, circulars and cost-constraints (e.g. bog-roll holders are out this year — too expensive) to tenants, or explaining drawings to unskilled build- ers. Whether or not anyone thinks this is what architects should be doing, it points to the waste of the lengthy professional training needed to qualify for this job. Altern: atively, people with such skills can see how their time is spent in the implementation of tightly-controlled procedures which overrule such opportunities as might arise from more time to design, both in detail, and at the level of the whole way in which the existing street and community patterns are being reinforced. B. INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS Industrial building is one of the few areas being encouraged, and many private practices must have been cocking an eye in this direction as welfare state and other sectors have been cut back. But architects have not traditionally had much to do with factory design Such larger factories as are at present built on peripheral estates seem to be designed by developers and system builders or architects directly employed on a permanent basis by the insustries themselves. Most of these firms are south-eatern or internationally based, so their factories are not designed in Liverpool. Larger Liverpool-born firms, on the other hand, are doing little more than minor repair and extension work at present. Since 1974 the cuts in state expenditure have meant that resources have been redir- ected into stimulating industrial production. It is the state-developed Advance Factory Units which have produced a major source of industrial architecture work in Liverpool The developers are either the local authority, who use their own architects department, or the English Industrial Estates Corporation (EIEC) which uses private architects’ practices, though not as designers. Standard sets of plans and specifications, ‘proven as the most economical form of construction’ are handed to these architects to adapt to each site. Although these jobs are concentrated in the inner city where site preparation is complicated, architects can take little pride in the fact that they have designed every- thing below the ground floor slab! They then supervise construction, the whole job being on a reduced fee basis. Architects who work in this situation had many criticisms, but they were not sure whether they had the expertise, let alone the power, to participate in this field. Advance Factory Units are a direct transplant of EIEC’s forty years’ experience of spec- ulative building on areen-field sites. Their use on vacant, ‘problem’, inner-city land is not necessarily right. There are plenty of empty warehouses and industrial buildings around Liverpool’s dockland which could be converted, but in fact are now being demolished to feed the dwindling supply of vacant ‘problem’ sites! To convert existing buildings would mean a greater amount of architectural work and less waste, butwould meet resistance from financiers, developers and builders who claim that conversion work would not ‘sustain their present capacity in its existing form’. Part of the reason for the Advance Factory Programme, in addition to alleviating inner city construction un- employment is that the capacity of the construction industry should be kept up so that it will be able to cope with the next economic boom (and so more suburban factories again) — when itcomes. Waiting for the next boom, the present monetary halt in the traditional course of city expansion seems to be all that can be coped with. This, linked to the idea of in- jecting new life into the centres — ‘the old dying hearts of our civilisation’. Promotion of small manufacturers is supposed to seed new firms which will grow large, or feed new ideas to the large and perhaps be the basis for a new boom. The revival of the inner city then seems almost an attempt to re-run economic expansion in the way it worked from the nineteenth-century city to the emergence of the now-flagging twentieth-century metropolis and giant industries. But ...of the 44 Advance Factories developed by the local authority and now in use, the majority have attracted service rather than manu- facturing industries; and the service sector both ultimately depends on manufacturing, and isat present seen to be expanding only very temporarily. tstteronys urepras tomerren’s (NN cit Prodzms Architects were in the forefront of the ‘SNAP’ project which foreran the co-ops and siiowed how communities could have better housing without being smashed up. Now, a few years on, some have found themselves to have been turned into a ‘housing machine’, which although keeping streets intact is as isolated as ever from the other fun- damental problems, such as employment, which compound these as crisis areas. Architects working on Advance Factories could see the obvious inconsistency in using them. To replace industries that had been the life-blood of the nineteenth-century city with the suburban factory type is illogical. The liklihood that they employ labour from the surrounding community, which had been built for the old industries, is slim — the grant system discriminates against local firms using the units and in favour of attracting outsiders, and Liverpool! is more oriented to the one big employer, the docks, than to lots of small firms. Is it desirable for people to commute to work on One militant group of tenants has recently formed a co-op and successfully cam- painged for new houses on a vacant site: it remains to be seen whether this will provide an opportunity for a better architect-client relationship. ‘Build for Sale’, low-density, suburban-type schemes are designed by building firms as standard consumer models perfected over a very long period of time with perhaps some slight variations to suit this year’s or next yer’s fashion. This puts the user in the same position as when buying a Car or choosing soap powder from the supermarket shelf — it's all right if you can afford or your requirements ‘fit’ into the standard pattern, but you can never know whether you are getting what you want or what you are being made to want. The architect's traditional consultation with the client is out of the question. In fact the whole process from market research, design, local authority consent, contract planning to advertising is being computerised by some of the biggest firms — and more jobs are going down thedrain!. See below for private practice and local authority work in housing. central sites — a complete reversal of the original idea of moving industry to the suburbs? This is true also for goods transport: the accessibility of central sites compares unfavourably with the outskirts near the motorways. Does this mean that inner area industry will be the excuse for bringing back the idea of motorways in the old city? The scale of vandalism entails the defence of the ‘community’ factory, resulting in high fences. The need for lots of open space for storage and transport is also inapprop- riate to the close-knit character of the inner city. Architects could contribute to these problems by showing what sort of physical solutions are possible. The profession, however, is appealing for architectural leadership in creating small enterprises housed in old buildings. One or two such projects may get off the ground, but the local authority is producing more than 20 units a year. Even if 40 small firms a year are born, creating, optimistically, 400 jobs, they are not going to go far in a Merseyside which announced over 8,500 redundancies in major industries in the first three months of this year and has unemployment in some inner areas running as high as 32%. No, what is needed is for architects to forget their entrepreneurial role (which isn’t going to create much impact anyway), and concentrate on simply using their skill as designers to create solutions which make it possible for the ideas of exist- ing local people and groups to be realised. A deeper dimension to the problem may be seen in that twelve giant firms account for 50% of employment. Only one of these is both locally-rooted and powerful enough to be considered internationally secure. The rest are either subsidiaries of national or foreign-based conglomerates which bear no allegiance to the area, or relatively out-worn local firms starved of the capital needed to re-equip. The furore over encouraging small firms and re-kindling the spirit of the free market and private entreprise can be seen as a smokescreen which provides optimism and diverts attention from the problems which the centralisation of big industrial capital is now posing. ‘Official Architects’ in the council's architects department control the building work of council committees. In the fifties and sixties the department was being built up on a big programme of work, some of it being put out to private practice. Although part of the state, these architects stand out for parity in status with private practices in the profession: the profession, in turn, has often been criticised for regarding its ‘official’ members as second rate. In Liverpool, the council architect's staff committee se. is to be dominated by people who are politically conservative and paradoxically, broadly opposed to an extension of state activity! With a run-down in council housing development and the growth of ‘Build for Sale’, for example, a proposal that the design and marketing functions of this new type of housing should be kept in the department never got through in spite of the fact that it was strongly backed by NALGO. Support from within the department was stalled. This was partly due to confusion created when members of the Association of Official Architects (the officer-architects’ union recognised by RIBA) warned of the danger of loss of professional status if they became too strongly identified with NALGO. The fact that surveyors constitute a strong element of the same staff committee compounds the problem: they have less to lose. Firstly, for example, the housing im- provement work that has been coming to the department has been done by surveyors who have lower fee scales. This is justified by the fact that overheads on an office built Up on massive housing developrrents are too high to allow a full architectural service. Active thinking on design, architects jobs and quality of service to tenants which could ultimately lead to reduced costs — al miss out. A second example is that surveyors have welcomed the council's share of the Advance Factory.programme, and indeed all types of industrial building on local authority sites in that the preparatory surveys and ground works fall fully within their speciality. But again, the opportunity for the type of deeper analysis of designs suitable to the locality (as outlined under ‘industrial building’ above) is lost. Employment in the architects department is down 30-40% on two years ago. Mech- anical and electrical service engineers working in the department hardly exist now, and work is going out to private consultants. The remaining supervision work on the council’s housing programme is running out. Designs still being prepared are axed as cleared sites go to ‘Build for Sale’. Educational work is at rock bottom. A programme of building for the police which has kept work levels up since 1970 is tailing off. The recently announced Maritime Museum project on the docks has gone out to competition with the council's department just on the list. Meanwhile there is no defence of the architects’ real potential, and attempts to make their services directly available to the community would be blocked for not going through proper channels. . Qrtta atatnat oe eleect C. THE LOCAL AUTHORITY ARCHITECTS’ DEPARTMENT D. PRIVATE PRACTICE. Architecture is effectively controlled by the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) which constitutes the majority on the Architects Registration Council UK (ARCUK). An insight into the nature of RIBA can be had from a look at the people it has gathered for its annual conference, held in Liverpool in July 1978, titled ‘Living in Cities’ and calling for a ‘general commitment to the ideas of community architecture’ Firstly, a lot of members are excluded by the cost — £65 for three and a half days Fifty buraries are offered to help counteract this to people who can offer a few ‘well- chosen words’ on why they should go, but this is on the level of a competition on the back of a Cornflakes packet. So much for architectural communities — the same would apply to much of the rest of the city’s community. Looking at what was covered by the conference speakers it can be seen that the whole spectrum of a city politics is covered — the church, industry, land, the local and county authorities, central government, the USA, all on the first morning. The second day covers the inner city partnership programme (ICPP), and housing by a local councillor, local officer, housing associations and co-ops, private developer and finally, a county officer. A closer look confirms that the conference is an annual bandwaggon, a showpiece, revealing that RIBA is unable to make a serious attempt to assist with the city’s and architects’ problems. At the centre of the public image of architectural work is the private practice, similar to the medical or legal practice. There are lots of these practices in Liverpool. Their local club is the Liverpool Architectural Society (LAS) and they are represented in the North West Regional Council of the RIBA. The five or six largest firms appear to dom- inate the LAS, but below these there are twenty or more firms with two or more part- nersm and a whole host of further smaller firms. As in all small enterprises there is an intimacy about these latter which is a relief from the big hierarchies, although those who work in them are dependent on the partners’ relationship with clients and have to help cultivate the right social climate in the firm, whoever the client may be. 2. WHO CONTROLS US, WHO REPRESENTS US? While the larger and better established firms get what little number of jobs do come to them through the organisation of the profession, the smaller and medium-sized local firm is in fact extremely vulnerable and dependent on what clients it can attract. Desian skill is very much within this context. In one discussion in our group, for example, the job of working for a private housing developer was described as: to aim at a certain market: must have Georgian windows; areas to be designed strictly dictated and un- related to government minimum standards; no direct contact with house buyers; no garages; no ‘little extras’ in houses; no storage etc Another type of local practice as represented was based on ‘community’ and housing association work. In this case lack of finacial rewards is, at least initially, replaced by the satisfaction of working with, and the support of,the local community. These arch: itects were playing a part in community development. Architects have often been prime movers in the declaration of GIAs, HAAs or community schemes which have later been backed or taken over by the state. The resulting organisations such as the co-ops have then farmed a certain amount of work back to private practices. In this way, schemes get the more specifically ‘architectural’ attention which isabsent ‘in-house’, and seems to be only attainable within the old professional set-up The co-op which has fought successfully for its own new housing (mentioned above), for example, looked at inter- nationally-famous housing architects such as Darbourne and Darke before deciding ona local practice. Existing housing associations or co-op ‘in house’ architects were not con- sidered The Anglican Bishop begins by introducing the ‘social climate’ of Liverpool — thereby instating the the profession firmly outside the embarrassment of its position in worldy politics? The result is often politcal naiveté. Next, the object of the architect's work, the city fabric, is stated in a primarily visual and aesthetic way. The visual aspect may be an important part of an architect's work, but the primacy of the ‘aesthetic’ blinds many employed architects both in their education and later in practice, to their manipulation by developers, builders and others whose motives can be less easily acceptable. Will the speaker in this case, Theo Crosby, repeat his former mistakes? His praise of Cumbernauld New Town in 1962 points to his ‘visual blindness’: “Nearby (the municipal centre) on the north edge of the hill will be a group of tower blocks. From the hill there will be spectacular views in all directions, and this centre, with its wide terraces and broad flights of steps, could be the most exciting big new thing in Britain.”’ Fifteen years later, a Sunday Times popular splash against architects led pub- lic opinion that the centre was, in fact, “expensive, out of character, impractically sited on a windy hill. . wives were left to trudge the endless walkways and ramps to a city centre that, isolated from the passing pedistrian, couldn’t fail to be dull.” Next, John Worthington introduces “‘the private initiative”, dealing with industry in terms of “creating work through small entreprises, self-help”. This is coupled with David Palmer, a Chartered Surveyor, appealing to financiers to help with non-profit- making development of ‘difficult’ inner city sites. Land, finance and industry which are at the base of Liverpool's problems are skirted around. The conference official stimulus paper, “Living in Cities ” sees the problem as one of “a graduated balance between ‘the little things and the big things’ ...in a free market economy.” Good sites, roads, well-housed labour and a local authority with an empathy towards private enterprise are all that is needed, and “there is no reason why these things should not be provided” !To reduce such closures as that of Triumph at Speke or any other of Liverpool's recent disasters to this is naive. Furthermore, Palmer's appeal to goodwill from financiers (usually mostly insurance and pension funds) on land development can be little more than a cosmetic measure when they generally have to underwrite high land values to maintain high profit rates so that such things as‘our' pension funds keep pace with inflation. Does the professional practice have a part to play in the community? Some combine community action and involvement with getting their bread and butter from such design work as results from this activity Professional ‘independence’ may have some edge in communities over agencies hampered by local or national state departmentalism Attempts by local groups to organise their own lives always cross departmental and disciplinary lines, and in so doing often expose some of the real conflicting interests which the local authority sustains. The former Community Development Projects, backed by the state, did this and where disbanded when they exposed local interests of ‘big capitals’. Opposition to recent attempts by Liverpool community groups, under the umbrella of the LCVS, to gain a say in the DoE’s partnership scheme is a more recent example. Some architects have realised the need for community organisation, but in returning to the ‘bread and butter’ aichitectural practice for community groups, such design work as comes their way can only represent Community control within the confines of a design process as defined by the ethics and codes of professional practice There is a dilemma between private practice (architectural private enterprise) and community work. The ethic of independence combined with service in itself conflicts with the iater-disciplinary involvement needed in effective community control. This dilemma is also present in other small practices trying to maintain professional integrity in the face of increasingly desperate and competitive commercial and other clients. At the same time, Monopolies Commission investigation of the fee-scale, the rising cost of insurance, and the increasingly precarious legitimacy of the architectural profession loom large as factors in the insecurity of these firms OD. PRIVATE PRACTICE. While the larger and better established firms get what little number of jobs do come to them through the organisation of the profession, the smaller and medium-sized local firm is in fact extremely vulnerable and dependent on what clients it can attract. Design skill is very much within this context. In one discussion in our group, for example, the job of working for a private housing developer was described as: to aim at a certain market; must have Georgian windows; areas to be designed strictly dictated and un- related to government minimum standards; no direct contact with house buyers; no garages; no ‘little extras’ in houses; no storage etc Architecture is effectively controlled by the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA) which constitutes the majority on the Architects Registration Council UK {ARCUK). An insight into the nature of RIBA can be had from a look at the people it has gathered for its annual conference, held in Liverpool in July 1978, titled ‘Living in Cities’ and calling for a ‘general commitment to the ideas of community architecture’ Firstly, a lot of members are excluded by the cost — £65 for three and a half days Fifty buraries are offered to help counteract this to people who can offer a few ‘well: chosen words’ on why they should go, but this is on the level of a competition on the back of a Cornflakes packet. So much for architectural communities — the same would apply to much of the rest of the city’s community. Looking at what was covered by the conference speakers it can be seen that the whole spectrum ofa city politics is covered — the church, industry, land, the local and county authorities, central government, the USA, all on the first morning. The second day covers the inner city partnership programme (ICPP), and housing by a local councillor, local officer, housing associations and co-ops, private developer and finally, a county officer. A closer look confirms that the conference is an annual bandwagqqon, a showpiece, revealing that RIBA is unable to make a serious attempt to ass'st with the city’s and architects’ problems. The Anglican Bishop begins by introducing the ‘social climate’ of Liverpool! — thereby instating the the profession firmly outside the embarrassment of its position in worldy politics? The result is often politcal naiveté. Next, the object of the architect's work, the city fabric, is stated in a primarily visual and aesthetic way. The visual aspect may be an important part of an architect’s work, but the primacy of the ‘aesthetic’ blinds many employed architects both in their education and later in practice, to their manipulation by developers, builders and others whose motives can be less easily acceptable. Will the speaker in this case, Theo Crosby, repeat his former mistakes? His praise of Cumbernauld New Town in 1962 points to his ‘visual blindness’: “Nearby (the municipal centre) on the north edge of the hill will be a group of tower blocks. From the hill there will be spectacular views in all directions, and this centre, with its wide terraces and broad flights of steps, could be the most exciting big new thing in Britain.” Fifteen years later, a Sunday Times popular splash against architects led pub- lic opinion that the centre was, in fact, “expensive, out of character, impractically sited ona windy hill... wives were left to trudge the endless walkways and ramps to a city centre that, isolated from the passing pedistrian, couldn't fail to be dull.” Does the professional practice have a part to play in the community? Some combine community action and involvement with getting their bread and butter from such design work as results from this activity Professional ‘independence’ may have some edge in communities over agencies hampered by local or national state departmentalism Attempts by local groups to organise their own lives always cross departmental and disciplinary lines, and in so doing often expose some of the real conflicting interests which the local authority sustains. The former Community Development Projects, backed by the state, did this and where disbanded when they exposed local interests of ‘big capitals Opposition to recent attempts by Liverpool community groups, under the umbrella of the LCVS, to gaina say in the DoE’s partnership scheme is a more recent example. Some architects have realised the need for community organisation, but in returning to the ‘bread and butter’ a:chitectural practice for community groups, such design work as comes their way can only represent community control within the confines of a design process as defined by the ethics and codes of professional practice There is a dilemma between private practice (architectural private enterprise) and community work. The ethic of independence combined with service in itself conflicts with the inter-disciplinary involvement needed in effective community control. This dilemma is also present in other small practices trying to maintain professional integrity in the face of increasingly desperate and competitive commercial and other clients. At the same time, Monopolies Commission investigation of the fee-scale, the rising cost of nsurance, and the increasingly precarious legitimacy of the architectural profession loom large as factors in the insecurity of these firms 2. WHO CONTROLS US, WHO REPRESENTS US? At the centre of the public image of architectural work is the private practice, similar to the medical or legal practice. There are lots of these practices in Liverpool. Their local club is the Liverpool Architectural Society (LAS) and they are represented in the North West Regional Council of the RIBA. The five or six largest firms appear to dom- inate the LAS, but below these there are twenty or more firms with two or more part- nersm and a whole host of further smaller firms. As in all small enterprises there is an intimacy about these latter which is a relief from the big hierarchies, although those who work in them are dependent on the partners’ relationship with clients and have to help cultivate the right social climate in the firm, whoever the client may be. Next, John Worthington introduces ‘‘the private initiative”, dealing with industry in terms of “creating work through small entreprises, self-help”. This is coupled with David Palmer, a Chartered Surveyor, appealing to financiers to help with non-profit- making development of ‘difficult’ inner city sites. Land, finance and industry which are at the base of Liverpool's problems are skirted around. The conference official stimulus paper, “Living in Cities ” sees the problem as one of “a graduated balance between ‘the little things and the big things’ ... ina free market economy.” Good sites, roads, well-housed labour and a local authority with an empathy towards private enterprise arealthatisneeded,and“thereisnoreasonwhythesethingsshouldnot be provided” !To reduce such closures as that of Triumph at Speke or any other of Liverpool's recent disasters to this is naive. Furthermore, Palmer's appeal to goodwill from financiers (usually mostly insurance and pension funds) on land development can be little more than a cosmetic measure when they generally have to underwrite high land values to maintain high profit rates so that such thingsas‘our pension funds keep pace with inflation. Another type of local practice as represented was based on ‘community’ and housing association work. In this case lack of finacial rewards is, at least initially, replaced by the satisfaction of working with, and the support of,the local community. These arch- itects were playing a part in community development. Architects have often been prime movers in the declaration of GIAs, HAAs or community schemes which have later been backed or taken over by the state. The resulting organisations such as the co-ops have then farmed a certain amount of work back to private practices. In this way, schemes get the more specifically ‘architectural’ attention which is absent ‘in-house’, and seems to be only attainable within the old professional set-up. The co-op which has fought successfully for its own new housing (mentioned above), for example, looked at inter- nationally-famous housing architects such as Darbourne and Darke before deciding ona local practice. Existing housing associations or co-op ‘in house’ architects were not con sidered Where do architects stand? Strangely, local architects may gain from this uncertainty, in that in the rush to beat deadlines forproposals for applications, d ments can only agree to resurrect their old building programmes rather than Grand the money on re-organising a joint attack. This is, however, architecture by default; mor ‘ so when the DoE itself appears to be laying the blame, perhaps rightly, for the fousin disasters of the last twenty years on the shoulders of architects. But as our owndis : cussions have shown, to cut design skills out of housing altogether (viz. run-down of local authorities and fee -cutting in housinig associaitions) may be to throw the b. with the bath water. ; eo Further speakers on housing are unlikely to give much help to the situation of arch- itects as we find them: Allan Roberts of Manchester is likely to give short shrift to architects for their performance with system builders in the public housing programme. Liverpool's new Liberal housing chairman has recently “slammed the ‘hare- brained architects and clever-dick planners’ for producing ‘zany and often bizarre- looking’ council housing estates in the past. ‘Good homes are not created by last year’s architectural competition winner’.” Finally, Tom Barron expounds ‘Build for Sale’ — the architectural component of which has already been mentioned: is the conference onOFF IDO |BRASOF RL -— : es pnyEX HowAdeyourAovAME\—~ — FACTORY Jogs gens? / NS évs I} organiser crazy when he asks us to desecrate our own jobs by asking ‘what isstopping developersbuildingmorehousesforsale?’ +f After skirting round industry and land, J.P. Mcllroy represents, under ‘the public initiative’ just how determined a stand a local authority can take in ‘empathising with private enterprise’. Formerly chief planning officer of Labour -controlled Bootle, now chief executive of Tory-controlled Sefton, created out of Bootle and Southport after re-organisation, he has been known as a strong officer, perhaps above local politics. The effect of attracting private enterprise on the local community in Bootle, however. is questionable. A vast area of working class housing was removed, for example, to make way for the Stanley office development. Although this was justified as creating jobs for Bootle, the offices pull in workers from all over Merseyside, and certainly don’t discriminate in favour of local people with a background in manufacturing and port employment. Similarly, in conjunction with Ravenseft, Bootle wasprovided under Mcllroy with the New Strand shopping centre which gaveoutlets for major shopping chains while local shopkeepers went to the wall after promises of relocation made in return for passive acceptance of the necessary CPOs, fizzled out. To sum up, the profession founds us on the church and an aesthetic basis which blinds us in our compliance with the forces which control us. We may be gingered into another year of drudgery by a vision of small enterprise workshops and land develop- ment which will never get to the real problems. We have a local authority in which we are squeezed out between ‘attracting big business’ (using outside architects) and an in- ability to relate to the local community. And we are being by-passed in housing, both in the public and private sectors. We need a new political basis for organising ourselves. The RIBA continues to ‘represent’ us by drawing its alliances with the management of a political establishment which can still, in fact, do nothing but run the old city and its communities down The RIBA tries to excuse itself for doing this, and for letting a lot of its members go down, by trying to create an atmosphere of ‘regenerating the old city’ and ‘community architecture’ while our jobs disappear. The RIBA is rightly associated with the architects responsible for the disasters of the last 20 years, but bankrupt in terms of the representation of architects as they now stand. Thesearebuttwoexamplesofsomethingwhichhasbeenparallelledintheema ingofLiverpool.WhiletheimageofthewelfarestatehadbeenthatofSi e worstaspectsofwhollyfreeenterprise,peoplearerealisinghowthelocal Lea has complied in the rape of local communities; wholesale Gestruction ae reco! was justified as attracting industries — but these are now leaving town The confusion of the architects’ fall between private enterprise ange Sa ne continues in the next morning's discussion of the ICPP. Des Nevonee eRe ebfafsecdtwoFheNnethheTLrieyaesurpyanoeteherSEiOe raiealSOeusyaadthceireseeparate rs. The ICPP is thus unable to address itselfproperly tot e o saatlackinginthenecessaryeconomicteethtocreateaJohnat oe ral roblems. In Liverpool, local political instability (the former LIE nthe : hhasbeenreplacedbyaLib/ConpactwhenLabourgainedama}Can See clection’l further undermines because departmental policies are pitcne 9) each other for reasons of short-run political expediency. UNIVERSITY OF RIALTO Community Centre. eZmi ; by Commumty Architect SNAP PROJECT AREA New-buila Co-operative BENE Eos SSOP SMI EOGLIA Pies ies Se So/ : r SNAP improvement SHELTER’S original base KINGSLEY ROAD PRINCES AVENUE RATHBONE JOINERY WORKSHOP ADMIRAL STREET designed Plz Stetion > ~E " ROAD "DISTRICT CENTRE architect - STEBLE STREET BATHS CORN and YATES STREET HOUSINGaacCO-Ol’ Housing Co-op Rehab ESSEX STREET POLICE STATION ses ? S new uses for oldbuildings DS i> } MK “Zo< £ yy <i <\e G>, es yeSis sem :a I ATon : . Wath Sa SS BRMeare Bieaol re ge BY NOE Ge he PH CBE R: 57 Peart e Sce43 35 PACK EDN ES au SERusfori f ‘<}|if cel}aed ;- pane ; : eS 30/2 ATi) y ae pal Eed| A bHee-}5;—f2erat| W f ) o2 A S ro°))I Otho LIVERPOOL ThWe Ae,ye *raine) , ie oO me BARA eS PARLIAMENT STREET Planning Blight" FAULKNERSQUARE Sate V—"o*m@BOEBEY BSSOY yoa cmtsy SQUARE Fehabilitation and Conversion eCOMeMUNITY SOG 3 rea race | CENTRE UPPER STANHOPE STREEY Commumity centre ED cee GRANBY STREET SHOPPING improvement Project MERLIN STREET First Urban Aid Community cenére WELLER STRRETS HOUSING CO-OP “TOWN TRAIL” OUR — examples of professional architecture in the community and the alternatives. be |shopping :Social secunty, 3. ARCHITECTS IN LIVERPOOL A look at the origins and post-war development of Liverpool will show the declining local architectural involvement in the changing power base of the city. It may also help to explain something of the situation we are in now, and point the way for a reformulated local organisation of architects which can play a stronger and more realistic role in what the planners who took part in one of our discussions characterised as in effect a policy of a “managed decline’ — which is something no-one knows how to handle. The RIBA conference stimulus question, ‘Should architects commit themselves to the entrepreneurial-catalyst role as professionsal leaders; is this a vested interest in disquise; if so does it matter?’ is entirely inappropriate to the position of local archi- tects and the demise of the inner city. In ignoring the rea/ industrial and economic base of the city it masks the true basis of a profession which is still a useful form of organ- isation to its largest and still successful national and international firms which are in alliance with big capital. Its purpose may be seen to encourage the continuance of an entrepreneurial attitude in its out-dated 19th century form among the mass of mem: bers led by the profession. This leaves local architects powerless to organise against the erosion of their position by an increasingly powerful central and local state working with ‘outside’ industrialists and developers who have the area in a stranglehold. Local practices still depend on ‘professional independence’ for their position, but are undefended against fee-cutting and loss of work to nationals. Local authority work is decreasing, while central state agencies such as the PSA increase their workload. Meanwhile, successful national and international practices, well capitalised and estab- lished at a higher turnover on lower fees, draw further into ‘unethical’ package dealing and speculative enterprise. There is little on the horizon to give Liverpool! hope that it has anything to gain from ‘international expansion’: yet the idea of a non-growth economy, participation in the management of decline, is as unpalatable to the city’s managers as it is to the local architects’ society. The latter seem content to cut each other's throats and sell out to outside interests (for example, the Liverpool Architect- ure Society’s passive acceptance of the demolition of the Lyceum, its own birthplace and part of ‘our architectural heritage’) in order that those in control will get what crumbs do come their way. In the 1930s, Liverpool's architects had an international reputation for what they were doing under the patronage of the port and related industries for the city itself. In a city which had been built up by its industrial bourgeoisie comparatively ‘overnight’, there had been a strong tradition of philanthropy followed by a model municipal government. The local authority were early in their patronage of architecture. Under Sir Lancelot Keay, the council housing developments of the 1930s attained a respectable architectural clothing which was coherent with the style of the city’s other great buildings, Both shared, for example, the influence of Dudok and the Dutch School School. Working class housing attained the image of equality with the city’s industrial base. But by the 1930s, the old industries were already in decline, and new ones seen to be needed. Keay’s housing culminated in the model community at Speke which was integrated with new factory building for modern industry. Liverpool was, then, an ideal setting for the 1948 RIBA conference to catch the utopian mood of the immediate post-war era. Keay, now the first public officer president of the RIBA sat comfortably next to Sir Giles Gilbert Scott, architect of the cathedral and at the pinnacle of private practice. Architects were entertained to tea at the home of the major industrialist Lord Leverhulme whose family was renowned for philanthropy (Port Sunlight) and patron- age of the arts. The RIBA banner was instated in the new cathedral by the Archbishop of York, and the LAS, celebrating its centenary, was acclaimed for its position as a foremost regional society in the RIBA. rc Aé ' i ' 4 J36 e < 2 m= 8 ' > - = PO} 2UBA OYA SOV3A90 JHL VYuViLiyY | aetndodun uv ojur , ueeg aaey fee 33S VW¥GUYA ATHO 4Se tl 4 vyONY q StLIN3W OL LON “S3HDNH * Say euNq ywouN 942 JO, $2503 Tyosu <q *‘kerted hidw3 341 J¥dS dQHS LN¥I¥A 30 "609, 943 UT 4379 UT perderseauy TTeN@ITUR 03 @2UepUCdweZI0> ye03024 = Ot Seetyeratza i] 1OOd:JUe a sOUTPTOH IWS. t ss they 3729939 ¥ 3SNNKH 91 HOAONG @ ‘L3N193Hd Se OL a fe27j730 Wrepow sbtse02d 27 UT AON “Pp @sou 37 340m eeu @usy2e Ayes JO G212e4IHOW Guy3ueyIUe sua Aq Wate BYR J0J /OHS SSI13ISN 3HON NIAZ P2TINZAIq 2UealoTaAVpar 943 eD4 Tw9p 943 P PIN wpyob sNidens DNIMOG Visa “Sdcl¥ JH1 a1 NHorF °32S 39 49013 gunsg Aig joodieAry SS3713SN3S SIHL MONS SUDLIYNANODD OVIGIING TATT dN AN VAN fone gloss sa3HTANIAR PIO We = 2903804207 suoiyin 133415 J 49 3c SLNTA 311 *aeAys aya 228A ITUA POTPPTS pue uno; 4302) @1OUA Oa 2eatuore ‘o"d ‘AW 1SHL Lhso1e *(OP TH puw 10179495 I! u-kq-A1E @LON SJOdo|ereq OU If "3 QUOF 9say Aled *uoyTes>ep q ple peuu02, © 3¥ 26U2 290s O42 JO SpiwY 637 SOUCTA SY Cd Ut pegrsosep 419307 © PEND hing w#yNb *3 ‘wnesk] oyy Uywied pInon "qn st#O4UTPT ING peretr © epead ysyTousp oF H3UesUOD UO BayetT eay3 OU Sunnok'q YT :5::: WarBOGTwasnotrevival|CaaSTRERIEE;GERdtRhemovement ofinternaet-s tonal industries to Merseyside encouraged by state regional policy. While planned net towns were the basis of peripheral expansion, the old city retained its atmosphere ca dereliction inherited from the war, and still remaining after a lack of state control habitual to a continuing conservative local authority (planning committee chairmen of the time are heard to be accused of using development control to bolster up a clique of local practices). Liverpool's first Labour council only came in 1955. : The post-war generation of architects were less concerned with making buildings which were locally acclaimed than establishing their international reputations. It was the /nternationa! Style. This ran true to the disestablishment of focal capital and the need to ally with outside, rather than local interests to be successful. By the early 1960s Liverpool had a combination of a stronger Labour leader wanting a planned revitalisation of the city, the standard approach by a developer (Ravenseft again) to round up an unprecedented parcel of central land for a shopping precinct (St. John’s), proposals for motorway development round the city centre, and the emergence of arch- itect-plans for city development. Holford, an ex- Liverpool architecture student, was a professor in Liverpool at the time. He had been director of the war-time state Planning and Resources Agency, and strongly recommended another of the internationalist and utopian socialist post-war generation, Shankland to prepare a plan. (The fact that and Shankland’s practice was designing private hotels in Jamaica at the time — ‘breaMdodern It is important to note that the butter work?’ — didn’t appear contradictory). reform and Style, originated ina mood of left-wing social Movement, the International the method of a utopian harmony between a working class and capital: it was to cfaoprimtal in the post- restructuring the built environment alongside the restructuring of war era. establishment was on the way out. Shankland Pe Liverpool's older architectural road be demolishe 1965 posed that nearly all buildings within the proposed inner ringoutof date : merit’ for the reason that they were ‘unlessofarchitectural ofhighbuilding,‘toconte | of building capital). There was a policy repor Y we (Restructuring skyline’. Ata timewhen the Buena thetraditionofthewaterfront pedestrian/tra alae inTowns’wasinvogue,therewastobeacompletetopavethewayoer ee walkways. Hisproposals were oe asystem of high-level but since (het TN based Se fortheyoungergenerationoflocalarchitects, », ee are and the new In lustries, brought work to go round, 2 large proportion velopers, such as Ravenseft, was aval a andcentralise fact building the most tightly-controlled isa ediHeOAe oreo firmsandsystemsdevelopers The impetus of building aae The position of architects working in planning at the time has been aptly summar ised: “We were not planners and we had no concept of urban change. Our naive enthusiasm and pre-occupation with built architectural form must have been a headache for the inner city residents we met. We talked about how the areas were going to be well designed in the future; Hey talked about the lack of jobs and the bloody-mindedness of Town Hall officials. We were miles apart and we could not even see it.” The emerging economic crisis brought home the idiocy of reconstruction, and an increasingly devastated commmunity strengthened its opposition. Under Amos the policy changed from what could be conceived to what could be afforded. Develop- ment plans were limited to areas which were likely to see significant change in the short term. Rehab, community projects and Urban Aid programmes replaced recon struction. SNAP took place in 1969. More recent planning policy in an atmosphere of even greater uncertainty is to monitor social and economic trends in order to present coherent policy options as clearly as possible. Architect-planners could not be further ‘our’ BEFORE (right) amd AFTER (below) in the Tntenm Planning Policy Statement under Borin practices of the time. well-known. 7 ement of a separate planning department hee1haTiandarchitects’independentcontrolover Whe e satl A lot of the new planning staff were still architects by training, but (Rain, washing and football eee no ntrolofthecity’sgrowthandarchitecturalleadershipofitsimplement on ret Spada programme became divorced: this further weakened thepotential stronlipiasrpaeinthebuildingofthecity.BorextendedShanklandsmethods sakete LS(1963),stillinwhatnowseemsthestaggeringlybanalarchitect-plan o ie Sealing for‘more data. The NBA's report on the sie housing Tae ee arate j _taking into account the outlined First prope coat Transportation StudY 11969) perfected the proposed TheMere temonthebasisofnearuniversalcar-ownership.These,andother a mreoptoortrsway a ithin the era in which statistics were used blindly to justify reconstructions : In a context of unlimited work, the passing of local firms’ contro! was probably un- bute Liverpool sou has 2 fist divinon beans p) f eee andCrgeniseronof/tse/fisoutofKeywithwhatalotofarch- 4.WHERE ARE WE ACTION. ? NOW? ASPECTS OF ORGANISATION AND ACTION aie ; . Theexample of Liverpool's history indicates radical State aénd private capital. 7A form of orgganainsiastiaotnion isneeded whicChHIETiGscapablseeeofr standing how the forms of control which architects face have chanel Th eine fa Certain sections of both the state and private capital have grown to the point whe professional organisation’, ethics and ideas no longer hold sway over an increasing! i specific and technically-defined logic of big capital’s and giant Geganleattonsv grote Working for these, architects, along with many other skills including management need to defend themselves (and increasingly do) on union lines. But membership of even white collar unions is seen to contradict the ‘profession’ and ‘being an architect’, although many of these unions are based on defence of skills. The private-independent streak and professional pride run deep, even when architects are badly paid down- trodden and overtaken by better-organised skills. : ive? collective or co-operative . Ol raig reporting in the Liverpool Echo, May 1978 liverinseciets The Property Boom’, London: Pan 1968 , propcsats forSe As, however, ‘Local Government becomesgo Part of the way to so’ vingJthe pr ationoflocalauthority willonly eracs architects eltheyie 7;InterimPlanningPolicyState’ LiverpoolCityPlannin ‘C:ityit ii’ ' feySar BigBusiness oe ' uchnick,‘UrbanRenewalinLiverpool’,Occ.Pap.onSoc.Admin.NoS3,COT] a. ’ architecturewhentheyare Seon: i - See REFERENCES: Liverpool lDistricttLabour Part y, Housing Poliicy Statement, 1978 pene VEISOUCe Demantiing Merseyside: the collapse of Regional Policy’, New Statesman, 21.4.78 . lve, ‘Large Firms on Merseyside’, i |Poly, 1978 RIESMembershipList,1977"ert a Pt : Ceemy.CumbernauldNewTown’,ArchitectsYearBook10,1962 Conner jameson, ‘British Architecture: 30 Wasted Years’, Sunday Times 6.2.77 Tae ‘onaghy, ‘Inner Cities: Government Response’, RIBAJ July 1978 . ieat merenos‘BritishInnerCityPlanning:apersonalview’,Architect’sYearBook1974 eeewLitiverpoolCityCaeDnetpraertPmlean’t,,1965” ae ofcommuniOtFyotherwiseunrelatedtogia inLiverpooln’,eunpub.d=raft,LiverpoolUniversitiyoe forms practices of Post-War Planning aswioilfotchoemrmercial Le eatsmn Newoncnsummary inArchitecturean ey andeconomic baseofcities. tfrag¢mented ,butm e q NeusareasraeaingProfessions.’NAM1977 rch. Movt. (continued) ‘Publi i StatedepartmentsDeocallySHON“ fewrch.Movt.‘WorkingforWhat?TheCaseforTradeUnionOrganisation somewha' manageme! informerlyandmergedunderacorporate i X 197; SAGManifestoinAJ,3.5.78peasLene a centralised ise. rfunectioneee withprivateenterpris Jolhohn Bennington, ’‘Local Government Becomes Big Business’, COP 1976 which enables the state to keep pace aRaaeea Proposals arising from NAM’s recent conference on 2 Public Design Service (PDS) have pointed out how an architectural ideology founded primarily on private practice has given even local authority building programmes the image of private enterprise specifically from major new ideas coming from farming out projects to private practice and competitions. At the same time as bringing the local authorities into line with private enterprise In this way, architects have been becoming involved in specific corruption scandals in handling contracts with private building firms. Finally, now, local authority architects are again caught between private enterprise and the state, torn between their profession and unionisation as their departments are dismantled. These two articles are written partly from discussions held in the first half of this year by people interested in forming a non-professional group of building designers . Now a clearer picture has emerged, a group will be formed in the autumn to continue analysis, formulate action on certain issues, and take on projects. If you are working in architecture or building design, want to know more about architectural organisation and practice, doing or needing projects which involve a collective way of working etc., contact: ‘Designers Meeting’, c/o School of Architecture, University, Liverpool. A stronger, more democratic basis for planned control over the city’s development is needed and some planners in local authorities are moving In the direction of creating a basis for this. Local architects, having barely got over the passing of control from the city architects department and local practice, and then the architect-planner and nat- ional practice, must be now prepared to think in terms ofparticipating in decisions on the city’s development, not as leaders, but from a more realistic definition of their skills. (At least, then, the dangers of repetition of the blame for the tower blocks and the concrete jungle of the sixties could not be repeated). Private practice in a society founded on the free market and private enterprise !s still the basis of the Royal Institute of British Architects. As such they may effectively represent the interests of the management of a few large offices which act as consultants or leaders on the reorganisation of state or provate projects. The ethics and requirements of practice of these are increasingly far from those of employed architects and even medium and smaller private practices. By remaining under their domination, the majority of architects cannot help themselves. One current defence of professionals is that by the Salaried Architects Group inthe RIBA. This is likely to continue the tradition of a succession of ineffective union-type challenges within the RIBA unless it can completely expose the latter’s foundation on private enterprise and recognise that their defence of the ‘profession’ is tantamount to 4 defence of craft skill. The New Architecture Movement on the other hand, ha opened up the possibility of unionisation outside the profession through the AUEW white collar section, TASS — there are no TASS architect members in the North West yet. Ther a re a hanful of architects in the building industry’s STAMP, but this new organisation still has no policy on the building firms’ strengthening grip on design. In Liverpool, the need is to organise and co-ordinate action and discussion between architects and other groups along these lines. Designers need to open up adescription of their skills which enables them to work alongside other groups rather than feeling that if they do not lead, they have failed. There is an increasing number of examples of environmental and building work being done in either a collective or co-operative way. The contributors to group discussion were:— Mike Brown, Paul Coats, Chris Cripps, Robb MacDonald, Don Field, Pete Gommon, Bill Halsall, Jonty Godfrey, Frank Horton, Nigel Jones, Alison Lindsay, Graham Ward and others. The articles as published do not necessarily represent the views of contributors. Architects working In both the state and private sectorscould unite in mutual defence if the basis was an understanding of how their work fitted into the growth, change and interaction of private andstate capitals — rather than ae ums , sph competitive discourse confined to building form and techniques {which are, any increasingly outside our control). : ThePDSisaproposedreformationoflocalauthorityarchitectsdopeee ing in local areas. The RIBA’s move into ‘community architecture ,W' ich a a S te practice in the community, would be a similar venture if based on true par Se oiPaiaetivepractice.Whichisthebetterformat?Statepineoss eT from the relatively weak and private enterprise-oriented RIBA, whose prac 5. THE ‘REPRODUCTION’ OF ARCHITECTS Entry into the architectural profession is almost exclusively in the hands of the schools of architecture. Liverpool has two schools, at the University and the Poly If the first is too accademic, international in its outlook and disregards ; Liverpool, the second is too practical and local-signed to be more ‘practical’ and local in its caucus. These two schools have played the major role in supplying the members of the local architectural establishment (in addition to many architects for other areas). Only a few technicians and part-timers now make the grade, and this is not without a hard struggle during their attendance at the schools). going on. Of course, these general criticisms of architectural education are experienced by — individuals. In fact, education is very much a biographical process which isrevealed in the life cycle of individuals. Therefore, the following, partly factual, partly fictitious case study of Joey Bishop, a working class kid who makes the architectural grade, exams helped assessment and nearly al project work with little emphasis on written elped a poor exam performance and rewarded his consistent effort. jtectural education. +1 ie |' |at }| ly ——ssy —— + Pu r HF igCees a -- 4 | .@}| + ~— = a “ysoo iE 5 | 1 con ©t- Loe f HL Ls i an t nt \ (i ne fF|}— a Wace,an zCSE,EnglishLanguage2,EnglishLiterature1,Geography1, JoeyAeae andEngineeringDrawing1,Physics1.CSEhadbeengoodfor The process of producing professional architects is dominated by several bodies, notably the RIBA, who monitor intake standards and the content of courses. The RIBA Education and Practice Committee (EPEC) plays an important role in the con- trol of education. EPEC makes recommendations to the RIBA Council, where, if agreed to, they become policy and are put into effect by EPEC and its committees. One of the most important of the EPEC committees is the visiting board. Both the Liverpool schools have recently had visiting board inspections. The outcome ofa visit- ing board inspection Is a confidential report to the head of the school in which recommendations on standards and conditions are made. The weapon of refusal to re- cognise a course is a powerful force in the schools’ educational policy. Joey was born and brought up in a two bedroomed terraced house with no bath room and an outside toilet. He attended the local state primary school, he was a well btehaved and highly regarded pupil. He was expected to pass the 11+ and go on to the local grammar school. In 1962 Joey failed the 11+ examination — and was already classified by the system as a failure. Rather than the local Collegiate or Institute, it was Earle Road Secondary Modern School, ‘Never mind, Joey, there is always the 13+”, his mother had said. The 13+ never took place for Joey, and that was how much his mum knew about education. In fact, Earle Road’s greatest claim to fame was 4 first division footballer. Enquiries among both staff and students at both schools suggest a sparse under- standing of the way their architectural education ts controlled. The two aspects of architectural education, ‘skill teaching’ anda ‘liberal education’ are encompassed by both schools to different degrees, perhaps depending on whether salaried or manager- jal positions are aimed at. The Liverpool schools don’t seem to question whether their establishments are sutiable for achieving the aims of learning, which of the many architects, technicians or builders in the city they could'leatn their skills from, or how this should be done. The result is an ad-hoc exchange of arhitects’ contributions to teaching programmes in the schools in return for qualified people to staff their offices: this depends on personal contact and there is little awareness of what is really Things started to happen for Joey in his first year at secondary school; ‘he worked well and fully deserved his high position in class’ to quote his school report. He never asked many questions, but just got on and did things consistently well. To his teachers Joey was a good pupil from a good home, he was never in trouble, and always conscientious .. .head prefect material. When he was 14, Joey’s parents visited the eco andweretoldthatJoeystoodagoodchanceofdoingquitewellatCSE.They eenbreredanesayesbrightfuturefortheirson,theydidn’tknowwhatCSEwas Fords Cerin + 'poe aqualification, enough to keep Joey away from the docks or Ns aan ae y this tended towipe out Joey's previous failure at 11. The CSE and RenESRC wouldbeJoey's ‘saviour’.MrJames,thewoodworkteacher,who dbVAISERERKS inners than you have sawn wood’, was very influencial on Joey's the doing that urrounded by spoke shaves and planes Joey was in his element. It was Rbounthewinter:eee andnotthethinkingaboutit.MrJamestalkedalot Recreate Fine education and Joey was impressed. Secondary school years passed at English laser 2 ne about them. Top of the class after top of theclass. Bad only edithath pelling) he shone at geography and technical drawing. It was suggest- at hecouldaimforajobasadraughtsman. The discussion of fundamental issues is non-existent in both the Liverpool schools. What discussion that does take place centres around such issues as course content, the desirability of lectures as opposed to seminars, year structure as opposed to work-bases or exams as opposed to continual assessment, to the exclusion of all else. Any protest is futile, disunited and ineffectual. For example, student criticism of the courses ‘jacking in real life content’ is dismissed as being of small value simply by virtue of the fact that each student is there only for 3 or 5 years. Prehensi % icate inReais so itwas off to Anfield Comprehensive Schoo! with his CSE certif FROM THE COMMUNITY TO ARCHITECTURE ..... sere ieacoecomprehensivetotake‘A’levels.‘Everthoughtaboutdoing load isgene He oe. the goegraphy teacher had asked. In for a penny !n for a pound, bit ofa surprise Se results were no surprise to Joey’s English teacher, they were 4 what was going © Joey but more than anything else he didn’t really have any idea it was all about oa mowevaly and perhaps more importantly, no-one explained what really understoc AR fact, it wasn’t until his later years of university education that he Joey was od what matriculation meant. The family had misgivings, perhaps aiming too high. However, the school fought hard for a trial year at the com: might raise some questions about arch ’iii Joey Bishop is an architect, he was trained at the Liverpoo {University iSchool of arcnitectare! He is the only child of Joseph and Mary Bishop. Joseph isachargeliand in a local facory, Mary owns a small knitwear shop. They're a Liverpool family, the most prosperous and comfortably off in their neighbourhood. They own their or . terraced house, and Joey’s first real job is to process an improvement grant applicatio for his parents’ house. ciliata Joey's first task at the comprehensive was to decide which ‘A‘ levels to try for. Joey had been good at geography and had enjoyed the projects associated with it, so it was geography ‘A’ level for him. Geology was interesting and there were plenty of field trips so he had a stab at that as well. However, before Joey could get on with his ‘A’ levels he had to get one 'O' level in English. After two attempts he succeeded in passing with grade 5. Whatever came later, this, perhaps more than anything, proved to be the greatest failing of Joey's education. At the beginning of the upper sixth,, many of his school mates were considering teachers training colledes, polytechnics and universities. The headmaster at Anfield thought it might be worth Joey trying out an application form for university in addition to the technical colleges and polytechnics he was trying for. What to apply for? The only possibility seemed to be planning, well geography and planning went together. Six choices of university doing undergraduate planning degrees. . Sheffield, Birmingham Aston, Heriot Watt, Newcastle, Cardiff, Manchester. No offers, no interviews, in fact nothing. Joey felt hard done by. Brixton College of Building made him an offer of two C's and so did the local polytechnic, so Joey set his mind on one of these, at least, that was until September and the’A’ level results came along. Joey got an A and a B. The staff at Anfield thought it would be a good idea to go to a university, but it wasn’t as easy as that. Then came September 1970, and the UCCA clearing scheme; Course Code 5100, Architecture, Liverpool School of Architecture — without knowing what ‘architecture’ was, Joey was off on his architecture education. ‘Architecture, what's architecture?’ thought Joey. The postman brought him an answer in the form of a programme of pre-term work. A book list, from which Joey was to select two and write an essay. Already Joey was at 4 disadvantage. The letter also asked him to make a diary about his thoughts and react ions in observing and studying some designed artifact. ‘What's a designed artifact?’ Joey thought. His confusion was made worse by the helpful clarification ‘anything from a teaspoon to 4city’. The jargon of architectural education was introduced early on in Joey's education, even before he arrived at the school of architecture. Joey wrote about a block of high rise flats for his pre-term essay. He noted the simplicity and symmetry of the design. He wrote about the external facade of the block of flats, the surface patterns, colours and textures. Even at this stage, with only a few preconceptions, Joey assumed architecture was something to do with ‘facades’. He thought little of his home surroundings, a house without a bathroom in.an area suffering planning blight. He thought nothing about the community. In fact, despite living at home he was to become increasingly separat- ed from his home background. He was progressively cut off from the life of hissocial group and family; neither was he a member of the ‘street gang’ and, even at univers ity, sex came late for Joey. After all, he always did his homework. Arca tecsered fFae= Wet ope — Joey consistently equated architecture with drawing, so he thought he'd be ok. He knew he had done well at technical drawing and he thought his woodwork would be useful, Unfortunately, that wasn’t the case. The graphic artist, from the school of art knew how to draw, Joey thought, or at least it sounded as if he did. Joey never s2 him draw. One of Joey's first projects had something to do with the ‘considers’ .on of a line’. ‘As for his woodwork experience, well, that wasn’t really on either. The yea! Joey arrived at the school of architecture the one and only craftsman technician was being laid off, Whilst Joey was at the school the workshop turned into 4 glorified model making room withalittle used wind tunnel in one corner. : Architecture must have something to do with buildings, Joey thought, but people at the school of architecture kept telling him it was more than just buildings. In fact, during his first week at the school, Joey came to the conclusion that it was glossy architecture in the university and buildings in the polytechnic. For a short time the folk singing, records, wine and coffee till the early hours: became part of Joey’s life. An occasional visit to the halls of residence to visit ‘friends’. He replaced his football scarf with a school of architecture scarf and stopped ‘going to the match’ on Saturday afternoon. In his second year Joey questioned the value of a sketch design for 2 community centre in an area of high rise housing, when the local community had said they didn’t want one. At the external review of his work, the examiner suggested that Joey got on wath wba he was told to do without questioning projects. ; as ee Haan oe to concentrate on working, 4 language he knew well, Joey kepta easene rawingskillsdevelopedtoafineartandhedrewhiswaythrough Seciea : honours degrees. Professional practice and part three examinations in, but that aspect is another story. After fifteen years of ‘graft’, Joey had made it; an architect. coceretats school of architecture was no different than secondary school or the See Sistine Soeseee of hurdles, the scholarship fence which he had jumped by, Teetinesseea eae-Heacquiredfactsratherthanhandlingandusing eed aeal Tones Ps ed to thinkdifferently, to experiment to learn but he only Relsea hiner Be is personality. In this respect the school of architecture neither indered him. eeHaeendofthecourseJoeyiswellonthewaytobeingafullypaidupmember i urgeoisie — and he doesn’t understand how it happened. PES Uatie nen the school of architecture Joey was taught many lessons. He Seaeta noc x ofparty-goingandconversationtogetherwiththepatina anvehinatlierenee: isdrivetoworkandachievewasreinforced,and,if ee eien Mey ceue increasingly competitive. Joey certainly became a highly selt- Gea shone La Aa even arrogant. Equally, he was alienated and drawn away resha SEhGGIGE meee a .Finally, the practical skills he had acquired were too open, Joaeihcd osennh ecture design skills must be arcane. ranemnitting ae a powerful socialising mechanism as well as a knowledge Graledueston palyaere oe eauOn is a subtle, but important part of the architect- EMauEISeT IST;.rchitecturaleducationisamajorpartoftheprocessof se ttioniintalclise : eo of continually recreating and maintaining the architects thi tandawaranes ociety. In fact, itis an indictment of Liverpool's educationalists enes of this is buried in the sand. ; Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Group of Liverpool Designers Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Murray Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1978 https://nam.maydayrooms.org/files/original/8e60c031439748d15514c052aa41a0f6.pdf c8f8efae586dc075b8eaf08a03d40dde Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harrogate Founding Congress Subject The topic of the resource The Harrogate Congress was the founding of NAM. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Various Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 21-23 November 1975 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harrogate Subject The topic of the resource Tourist visitor leaflet for Harrogate - from 1st NAM Congress, 1975 Description An account of the resource CONISTONE &KILNSEY CRAG Holiday Centre for the Yorkshire Moors & Dales Harogate, one of the most beautiful towns in Europe, builttoatractvisitors,liesinthe centreofBritain.Itis easily reached by road, rail or air YORK we —. iv Mi oea eed CS enreas es a beautiful countryside, the town combines a sense lined avenues and of being an urban centre with its elegant tee ers ura Ee aee Feeen rn SR aLe ae Sa ee eeeeeee jelight and car parking isplentiful prising that, with these amenities, Harrogate Barncat) Barn Fel) an ens ores Doo eeaeeeen ee aea teeming with history, and in close proximity to the National Parks oftheYorkshire DalesandtheNorthYorkMoors. eet leastoftheseoneofthewonders uc ta) Ree et oftheworld,Fountains and the most picturesque of country towns and UU Licemetne Uns aL ts eeeora Plentiful and coach excursions are regularly provided MOORS Vir PARK ASO Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Harrogate Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived John Allan Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1975